WEEK 1

1917

- US declared war on Germany and entered World War I. a. Military screened large numbers of recruits quickly for intellectual and emotional numbers. b. Psychological testing provided this methodology.

guidelines for scoring and interpretation

- may be scored by the test takers themselves, - scored by trained examiners, and scored and fully interpreted by computer

Testing (role/evaluator)

-Tester is not key to the process • -One tester may be substituted for another tester without appreciably affecting the evaluation

Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

. It was published in 1954 but revisions were published in 1966, 1974, 1985, and 1999, 2014

application of testing and assessment in business and military settings

1) Research to help people at home, in the workplace, and in the military. 2) to diagnose the needs of the brands and products , and make them more appealing

basis of psychological profile of the deceased for psychological autopsy

1) archival records 2) artifacts 3) interview from the deceased assessee 4) interviews w/ people who know him/her

use of testing and assessment in Government and Organizational Credentialing

1) board exams 2) assessment based on specialization

type of accomodation depends on

1) capabilities of assessee 2) purpose of the assessment 3) meaning attached to test scores 4) capabilities of the assessor

different ways to conduct an interview

1) face to face contact 2) through telephone where you must be conscious of changes in tone, pitch, pauses, signs of emotion and through electronic 3) through online interviews such as email interviews or interviews through text messaging

Types of testsfollowing the WWII

1) intelligence 2) personality 3) aspects of brain functioning 4) performance at work 5) many other aspects of psychological and social functioning

types of tests used in clinical settings

1) intelligence tests 2) personality tests 3) neurological tests 4) other specialized instruments and others depending on problem area.

2 types of technical quality

1) psychometric soundness 2) psychometrics

Where to go for authoritative information

1) test catalogues 2) test manuals 3) reference volumes 4) journal articles 5) online databases 6) other sources

ethical guidelines of assessments

1. Before a test is administered, stored in a way that reasonably ensures its specific contents will not be made known in advance. 2. Ensure that a prepared and suitably trained person administers test properly. 3. Familiar with test materials and procedures. 4. Must have tests at the site and all materials needed to properly administer the test. 5. Selecting most appropriate test for the individual being tested. 6. Materials needed can be stopwatch, supply of pencils, and sufficient number of test protocols. 7. Building rapport, this can be built from few words of small talk when examiner and examinee are introduced without compromising rules of test administration instructions. 8. Assessment of people with disabilities are the same for people without disabilities, such as obtaining employment, earning professional credential, and screen for psychopathology.

Approximately, there are ______ psychological tests published each year

20,000

testing

After test administration, tester adds up number of correct answers or number of certain types of responses with little regard for the how or mechanics of such content

1905

Alfred Binet and colleague published a test designed to help Paris schoolchildren in appropriate classes a. Ten years later - the English language version of Binet's test as prepared for use in schools in the United States.

Assessment

Answer referral question, solve a problem, or arrive at a decision through evaluation tools

Assessment (role/evaluator)

Assessor is key to process of selecting tests and/or other tools of evaluation and in drawing conclusions from the entire evaluation

3rd process of assessment

Assessor meets assesses or others before the formal assessment

Testing

Can be individual or group

another term for Computer Assisted Psychological Assessment (CAPA)

Computer Adaptive Testing

4th process of assessment

Follow institutional guidelines.

5th process of assessment

Formal assessment begins

Psychological Assessment

Gathering and Integration of psychologically-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation

Assessment

Individualized

WWII

Military would depend even more on psychological tests to screen recruits for service.

Testing

Obtain some numerical gauge of ability or attribute

evaluated in the older people in geriatric settings

Quality of Life

1st process of assessment

Referral for Assessment.

2nd process of assessment

Referral question/s are put to the assessor about the assesses

Assessment

Typically focuses on HOW an individual process rather than simply the results of the processing

Assessment (skill/evaluator)

Typically requires an educated selection of tools of evaluation, skill in evaluation, and thoughtful organization and integration of data.

Testing (skill/evaluator)

Typically requires technician-like skills in terms of administering and scoring a test as well as in interpreting a test resul

Assessment of Men

US Office of Strategic Services (OSS) used a variety of procedures and measurement tools (psychological tests) in selecting military personnel for highly trained positions (espionage, intelligence gathering, etc.)

semantic distinction between the terms testing and assessment began to emerge

WWII

Psychologist

a consultant retained by an insurance company is called on to give an opinion as to the reality of a client's psychological problems such as malingering or experiencing problems

Medical Test

a device or medical procedure is designed to measure some variable related to the practice of medicine

Psychological Test

a device or procedure is designed to measure variables related to psychology such as intelligence, personality, attitude, and others

Interview

a method of gathering information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange.

scoring

a process of assigning such evaluative codes or statements to performance on tests, tasks, interviews, or other behavior samples

Adaptive means

a reference to the computer's ability to tailor the test to the testaker's ability or testtaking pattern.

Diagnostic Test

a tool of assessment used to help narrow down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention such as in reading, mathematics, or other academic subjects.

Role-play Test

a tool of assessment wherein assesses are directed to act as if they were in a particular situation.

Test User

a wide range of professionals which includes such as clinicians, counselors, school psychologists, human resources personnel, consumer psychologists, experimental psychologists, and social psychologists

Role-play

acting an improvised or partially improvised in part in a simulated situation

accommodation

adaptation of a test, procedure, or situation, or the substitution of one test for another, to make the assessment more suitable for an assessee with exceptional needs

psychological testing

administering, scoring, and interpreting psychological tests

School Ability Test

an assessment in identifying children with needs

panel interview (advantage)

any idiosyncratic biases of a lone interviewer minimized by use of two or more interviewer

educational settings

as mandated by law, tests are administered early in school life to help identify children who may have special needs.

Health Psychology

assess current state of affairs with regard to some disease or condition, gauge treatment progress, and evaluate outcome intervention.

Counseling Settings

assessment in this context may occur in environments as diverse as schools, prisons, government institutions, and privately owned institutions.

Clinical Settings

can be observed in public, private and military hospitals, inpatient and outpatient clinics, private practice consulting rooms, and schools and other institutions.

Testing in _____ can be conducted on one individual at a time or it could be used for group testing as part of screening.

clinical settings

Portfolio

consist of work products-whether retained on paper, canvas, film, video, audio, or some other medium

test manuals

contains detailed information

Psychological Autopsy

defined as reconstruction of a deceased individual's psychological profile

Test

described as a measuring device or procedure.

Interpretative report

distinguished by its inclusion of numerical or narrative interpretive statements in the report.

Quality of Life

evaluated through perceived stress, loneliness, sources of satisfaction, personal values, quality of living conditions, and quality of friendships and other social support.

Alternative Assessment

evaluative or diagnostic or process that varies from the usual, customary, or standardized way

test catalogues

from publisher to test

screening

identifying individuals who require further diagnostic evaluation.

other parties

includes organizations, companies, and/or governmental agencies.

extended scoring report

includes statistical analyses of the testtaker's performance.

psychological assessment

may be conceived as a problem-solving process that can take many different forms.

score

may refer to a code or summary statement, which usually but not necessarily numerical in nature, that reflects evaluation of performance on a test, task, interview or some other sample of behavior

Biofeedback Equipment

measures bodily reaction

reference volumes

mental measurement yearbook

Behavioral Observation

monitoring of actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means while recording quantitative/qualitative information regarding the actions.

Panel Interview (Board Interview)

more than one interviewer who participates in the personnel assessment.

Computers

play in contemporary assessment in the context of generating simulations

Testing

refer to everything from administration to interpretation of a test score.

Simple scoring report

refers to a mere listing of a score of scores.

Cut Score or Cutoff Score

refers to a reference point, usually numerical, derived by judgment and used to divide a set of data into two or more classifications

rapport

refers to a working relationship between the examiner and examinee

Testtaker

refers to anyone who is the subject of an assessment or an evaluation can be a testtaker or an assessee.

Psychometric Soundness

refers to how consistently and accurately a psychological test measures what it purports to measure.

Collaborative Psychological Assessment

refers to the assessor and assessee may work as "partners" from initial contact through final feedback

Central Processing

refers to the processing that occurs at a central location.

Case History Data

refers to the records, transcripts, other accounts written, pictorial or other form that preserve archival information, official and informal accounts, and other data items relevant to an assessee.

Psychometrics

refers to the science of psychological measurement

Local processing

refers to the scoring but done on-site

content

refers to the subject matter

Utility

refers to the usefulness or practical value that a test of assessment technique has for a particular purpose.

journal articles

reviews, studies of psychometric soundness

Society at Large

test developers respond by devising new tests such as through court decisions, where society at large exerts its influence on various aspects of the testing and assessment enterprise

Psychological assessment accomplished through:

test, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses and measurement process

Business and Military Settings

the assessment tools or tests are used in terms of decision making about careers of personnel.

Test developer

the creator or developer of a tests or other methods of assessment

Psychological Testing

the process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior.

Teleprocessing

the scores or data are sent to or from central facility by phone lines

Therapeutic Psychological Assessment

therapeutic self refers to the discovery and new understanding which are encouraged throughout the assessment process

Court

they used assessment to determine if defendant is competent to stand on a trial

alternate assessment

this assessment is accomplished by means of some accommodation made to the assessee

Videos

this assessment is used to determine how an individual would respond to a situation at the workplace.

Integrative Report

this assessment tool is designed to integrate data from sources other than the test itself into the interpretive report

INTEGRATIVE REPORT

this assessment tool is designed to integrate data from sources other than the test itself into the interpretive report. This will employ previously collected data such as medication records or behavioral observation data into the test report

Computer Assisted Psychological Assessment (CAPA)

this assessment tool provides assistance to the test user not the taker.

administration procedures

this could designed to be individual, may require active and knowledgeable test administrator

Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

this covers issues related to test construction and evaluation, test administration and use, and special applications of tests such as linguistic minorities.

Dynamic Assessment

this refers to an interactive approach of assessment that usually follows the model of evaluation, intervention, and then evaluation again

Penile Plethysmograph

this tool is for the measurement of male sexual arousal

Government and Organizational Credentialing

to have assurance and adhering the quality and its appropriate standards for certain field of works

ultimate objective of counseling settings

to see improvement of assessee in terms of adjustment, productivity or some related variable

Informal Evaluation

typically nonsystematic assessment that leads to the formation of an opinion or attitude

Achievement Test

used in school which evaluates accomplishment or degree of learning that has taken place

case history data

useful when it sheds light on an individual's past and current events, circumstances that may have contributed to any changes

CONSULTATIVE REPORT

usually written in language appropriate for communication between assessment professionals, may provide expert opinion concerning analysis of data

Consultative report

usually written in language appropriate for communication between assessment professionals, may provide expert opinion concerning analysis of data.

disadvantage of panel interview

utility, cost may not be justified.

private psychotherapy

where a client wishes to be evaluated to see if the assessment can provide any nonobvious clues regarding his or her maladjustment.

Geriatric Settings

where older people might require psychological assessment to evaluate their cognitive, psychological, adaptive, or other functioning.

school psychologist

where she or he clinically evaluates a child experiencing learning difficulties to determine what factors are primarily responsible for it.

format

which pertains to the form, plan, structure, arrangement, layout of test items, and time limits