welfare and ethics quiz one

animal ethics is not limited to

research facilities

Utilitarian Philosophy?

the right action is that what benefits most individuals. using animals for betterment of people is acceptable, as long as the animal is treated with compassion

dissection?

to cut apart for purposes of scientific examination

suffer?

to feel or endure pain or distress and to appear at a disadvantage

xenotransplantation?

transplantation of animal organs into a human

morals and morality?

what an individual or society believes to be right or wrong

domestication?

where taming from the natural environment and breeding, caring, and managing is under the control of humans

delaney cause?

"no additive shall be deemed to be safe if it is found to induce cancer when ingested by man or animal, or if it is found, after tests which are appropriate for the evaluation of the safety of food additives, to induce cancer in man or animal."

reasons for change in the animal philosophy

1) 100 years ago, 50% of population lived on a farm 2) Americans removed from animals, but desire more knowledge and exposure 3) world has focused on "rights movement" for 100+ years 4) change from husbandry to anial science

five domains animals needs can be focused into?

1) nutritional 2) environmental 3) health 4) behavioral 5) mental

animal welfare?

a movement that believes a reduced and minimal number of animals should be used in research - and that those animals used should be treated as humanely as possible. this concept includes proper housing, disease prevention, nutrition, and human euthanasia or slaughter. this concept implies that humankind has dominion (a power or right) over animals, and as such has responsibility for animal well-being

animal rights?

a movement that insists animals have moral rights equal to those of humans and is totally opposed to biomedical research using animals, sporting events using animals, using animals for clothing or entertainment, product testing and the eating of animals

animal protectionist?

a person who believes animals should be protected from undue suffering, such as hunting, factory farming, nonbiomedical animal research, fur farming, and any animal research that is not essential for saving human and other animal life

analgesia?

a state of insensibility to pain, without loss of consciousness

anesthesia?

a state of lack awareness or sensitivity, with or without loss of consciousness

cytotoxicity?

a substance capacity to kill or damage cells

carcinogenicity?

ability of a substance to cause cancer

AAZPA?

american association of zoological parks and aquariums

ASPCA?

american society for prevention to cruelty to animals

de minimis standard?

an amount so small as to be insignificant

transgenic?

an animal in which the genetic makeup has been modified by the addition of a DNA sequence from another species

pain?

an unpleasant sensation occurring in varying degrees of severity as a consequence of injury, disease or emotional disorder

ALF?

animal liberation front

arson, vandalism, and assault are common tactics used by underground groups used to further the cause. animal liberation front group use routinely criminal activities to further their cause

animal rights

philosophical view that animals have rights similar or the same as humans. proponents believe that humans do not have the right to use animals at all. proponents wish to ban all use of animals by humans

animal rights

proponents believe that violence, misinformation and publicity stunts are valid uses of funding donated to their tax-exempt organizations for the purpose of helping aniamls

animal rights

proponents support laws and regulations that would prohibit rodeos, horse racing, circuses, hunting, life-saving medical research using animals, raising of livestock for food, petting zoos, marine parks, breeding of purebred pets and any use of animals for industry, entertainment, sport or recreation

animal rights

production agriculture - focus on production and efficiency

animal science

groups utilize scientific evidence to base animal care and handling guidelines

animal welfare

human responsibility that encompasses all aspects of animal well-being, including proper housing, management, disease prevention and treatment, responsible care, humane handling, and when necessary, human euthansia

animal welfare

proponents believe that humans can interact with animals in entertainment, industry, and sport and recreation but that the interaction should include provisions for the proper care and management for all animals involved

animal welfare

proponents seek to improve the treatment and well-being of animals

animal welfare

proponents supports self-regulation for animal sports, including rodeo, polo, three day eventing, FFA competitions, horse racing, field trials and endurance racing

animal welfare

suffering?

can result from intolerable emotional pain, as well as intolerable discomfort. requires a state of consciousness and a functional cerebral cortex - an emotional state. at a degree an individual cannot tolerate

risk assessment?

compares the harmful effects of an action with the potential benefits

anthropomorphism?

concept of ascribing human traits to animals, gods, etc

vivisection?

cutting into a live animal.

humane?

espouses of kind treatment and compassion for humans and other animals

EU

euthanasia

cruelty?

having or showing indifference to, or pleasure in, another's pain or suffering

exploitation?

humans having absolute dominion over animals and using the animals as they see fit

animals used for food, fiber, travel and work

husbandry

in vitro?

in an artificial environment outside the living organism

In situ?

in the original place

abolitionist?

individuals who believe that animals have similar rights as humans. as such, humans must consider whether it is right to use animals for any purpose including food, clothing, entertainment, and research projects. this term is sometimes purposely confused with anti-slavery issues.

dominionists?

individuals who believe that people can do whatever they want to animals, and humans are the only species with rights. when this interpretation includes neglect and abuse, it is usually deemed socially unacceptable

ILAR?

institute of Laboratory Animal Resources

deprivation?

loss of a desired thing, implied cruelty such as limiting an animal's freedom or association with others of its kind, something missing from the animal's environment and the animal being "stressed", "bored", or "unhappy"

serendipity?

making a discovery that was unanticipated

NOEL?

no observed effect level. during the process of toxicity testing on animals, or occasionally on humans, various doses of a pesticide are tested. the dose at which no effect of the type under observation is observed is called this

standing?

one's place or relative position, or one's rank in the community. moral standing is the status, rank, or right to do something

PETA?

people for the ethical treatment of animals

emerged as strong voices for animal rights in the 1970s and 1980s in the US

peter singer and tom reagan

replaceability argument?

philosophy of activist peter singer that states "given that an animal belongs to a species incapable of self consciousness, it follows that it is not wrong to rear and kill it for food, provided that it lives a pleasant life and, after being killed, will be replaced by another animal, which will lead a same similarly pleasant life and would have not existed if the first animal had been killed."

abuse?

physical actions that willfully harm an animal

ethology?

study of behavior of animals

speciesism?

the belief that humans are superior to animals, which is a bias similar to racism. prejudice or bias toward the interests of members of one's own species and against the members of another species

Malthusianism?

the belief that population tends to increase faster than food supply, with inevitably disastrous results, unless the increase in population can be checked by war, famine, pestilence and natural catastrophe

teratogenicity?

the capability of a substance, organism, or drug to malformations in an animal or human fetus

liberation?

the concept that animals are not to be put to work in any way and all use of animals should be eliminated. have been known to break into research labs and set animals free.

culture?

the growth of living cells or microorganisms within a controlled or artificial environment

euthanasia?

the humane killing of an animal by the method which produces rapid unconsciousness and subsequent death without evidence of pain or distress, or a method which utilizes anesthesia produced by an agent that causes painless loss of consciousness and subsequent death

inherent value?

the idea that since animals are "subject of life", they have a value or worth that is innate. the subject of life that is meaningful to that being is also part of the concept

transfection?

the introduction of foreign DNA into a cell's genome

in vivo?

within a living organism