21

Which instrument is used frequently in arthroscopies to examine and manipulate internal structures? A. blunt probe B. powered shaver C. spinal needle D. trocar cannula

Blunt Probe

All of the following are examples of equipment used postoperatively on the patient for pain reduction or stimulation of healing factors EXCEPT: A. body exhaust suit B. CPM machine C. electric stimulator D. TNS unit

Body exhaust suit

What is polymethyl methycrylate used for in orthopedic procedures? A. antibiotic irrigation B. bone cement C. cast immobilization D. external fixation

Bone cement

What is the name of a nonpathological small sac that contains synovial fluid? A. bursa B. canaliculi C. ganglion D. osteocytes

Bursa

Chondroma, giant cell, and osteoma are: A. benign neoplasms B. congenital deformities C. malignant neoplasms D. structural osteocyte components

Benign neoplasms

Which bone is the largest found in the foot and is commonly called the heel? A. acetabulum B. calcaneus C. patella D. talus

Calcaneus

Which mineral is stored in the bones and constantly being removed to maintain necessary blood levels? A. calcium B. iron C. magnesium D. zinc

Calcium

In which stage of normal bone healing is there bridging of the fracture site, and cartilage and immature bone provide support? A. inflammation B. cellular proliferation C. callus formation D. remodeling

Callus Formation

What is the medical term for spongy bone? A. cancellous B. cortical C. cranial D. cuboid

Cancellous

What tissue does the acetabular reamer remove? A. cartilage B. fascia C. marrow D. periosteum

Cartilage

Which of the following is a commonly used self-retaining retractor used in total hip arthroplasty procedures? A. Adson-Beckman B. Charnley C. Gelpi D. Weitlaner

Charnley

Which bone is commonly referred to as the collarbone? A. clavicle B. humerus C. scapula D. sternum

Clavicle

Surgeons may call both Bennett and Hohmann retractors by which other name because of their shapes? A. alligator B. cobra C. duck bill D. rat tooth

Cobra

Surgical repair for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Bankart B. Bristow C. Colles' D. Putti-Platt

Colles'

Which of the following is an acute, emergent condition of compression of neural and vascular structures, usually occurring in the upper and lower extremities following traumatic fractures? A. avascular necrosis B. compartmental syndrome C. delayed union D. malunion

Compartment Syndrome

Which of the following is the hard, dense bone that surrounds the marrow cavity? A. cancellous B. cortical C. cranial D. cuboid

Cortical

What is the purpose of the medial and lateral menisci of the knee? A. cushioning B. lubrication C. nutrition D. stability

Cushioning

The elbow is categorized as which type of joint? A. amphiarthrosis B. coxarthrosis C. diarthrosis D. synarthrosis

Diarthrosis

Which positioning device is frequently used for femoral nailing with leg traction and allows for placement of the C-arm? A. Andrews table B. fracture table C. vacuum beanbag D. Wilson frame

Fracture Table

Which positioning device will be used for ORIF of intertrochanteric femoral fracture? A. Andrews table B. fracture table C. vacuum beanbag D. Wilson frame

Fracture Table

Which condition is commonly known as "bowlegged"? A. coxa valga B. genu varum C. hallus valgus D. tallipes varus

Genu Varum

Which of the following joints has the greatest range of motion? A. acromioclavicular B. coracoclavicular C. glenohumeral D. sternoclavicular

Glenohumeral

Hallus valgus is a condition in which there is a turning outward from the midline found in the: A. great toe B. wrist C. foot D. hip

Great toe

Which type of fracture is characterized as partial and may result from activities such as jumping or jogging? A. avulsion B. comminuted C. greenstick D. oblique

Greenstick

Cannulated screws and nails are designed to follow the path created by a: A. depth gauge B. guide pin C. pilot drill D. reamer

Guide pin

Which portion of the femur articulates with the acetabulum? A. head B. neck C. greater trochanter D. lesser trochanter

Head

Which of the following factors related to bone growth and maintenance is responsible for mineral storage and utilization? A. exercise B. heredity C. hormonal D. nutrition

Hormonal

Which of the following is the longest bone in the upper extremity? A. femur B. humerus C. radius D. ulna

Humerus

What is the term for small, loose bodies in the knee that are constant irritants and may cause excess synovial production, pain, and locking up? A. ganglion cysts B. genu valgum C. joint mice D. bunions

Joint mice

In which joint would a bucket handle tear be found? A. ankle B. hip C. knee D. wrist

Knee

Which medium is frequently used in arthroscopies where the ESU may be used for hemostasis? A. carbon dioxide B. lactated ringers C. nitrous oxide D. normal saline

Lactated Ringer's

What should the surgical technologist have ready to clean bone or tissue from a rongeur? A. antibiotic irrigation B. Freer elevator C. lap sponges D. pulse lavage

Lap sponges

Which orthopedic instrument has the appearance of a turkey foot or eagle's talon? A. beaver knife handle B. Bennett retractor C. Lowman bone holder D. Lambotte osteotome

Lowman bone holder

Which of the following diagnostic procedures does NOT use ionizing radiation? A. arthrography B. bone scan C. CT scan D. MRI scan

MRI Scan

Whose instructions for cleaning, lubricating, and sterilizing powered orthopedic instrumentation must be followed? A. AAMI B. facility policies C. manufacturer

Manufacturer

Amputated limbs may be placed in which of the following for transport to pathology? A. C-arm cover B. cassette cover C. impervious stockinette D. Mayo stand cover

Mayo stand cover

Which bone of the lower extremity is commonly known as the shin bone? A. femur B. fibula C. patella D. tibia

Tibia

What is the MOST common cause of bone fractures? A. poor nutrition B. osteoporosis C. osteosarcoma D. trauma

Trauma

Care must be taken during skin prepping for gangrenous lower extremities prior to amputation to prevent inadvertent dislodging of toes.

True

Double gloving should be done as a routine in orthopedic cases due to exposure to various sharp instruments and potentially jagged bones.

True

Implantable devices made of different alloys can cause breakdown of the device and may cause wound infection.

True

What is the name of a small protuberance of a bone that is an attachment point for muscles or tendons? A. condyle B. groove C. fossa D. tubercle

Tubercle

Which device is sometimes used for achieving and maintaining the lateral position? A. Andrews table B. beach chair positioner C. vacuum beanbag D. Wilson frame

Vacuum beanbag

What is the medical term for a bony prominence projecting from a bone, as in a bunion? A. arthrosis B. exostosis C. osteoclast D. varum

exostosis

What is achieved by wrapping an extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of pneumatic tourniquet? A. anesthesia B. antisepsis C. extension D. exsanguinations

exsanguinations

What is a common surgical approach for Colles' fracture? A. arthroscopy B. carpal tunnel release C. external fixation D. open reduction internal fixation

external fixation

Which instrument is used to remove marrow from the canal of long bones for placement of prostheses? A. Brun curette B. Gigli saw C. intramedullary reamer D. suction brush attachment

intramedullary reamer

A Bankart avulsion lesion involves which anatomical structure(s)? A. labrum (cartilage) B. rotator cuff (muscles) C. bicipital groove (tendon) D. acromioclavicular (bone spur)

labrum (cartilage)

Which joint is an example of a condyloid joint? A. acromioclavicular B. femoroacetabular C. patellofemoral D. temporomandibular

temporomandibular

Liston knife, Gigli saw, and Satterlee saw are examples of instruments used for which type of procedure? A. ACL repair B. amputation C. arthroplasty D. arthroscopy

Amputation

Which medical term means moving a body part away from the midline? A. flexion B. abduction C. adduction D. supination

Abduction

Which tendon is the thickest and strongest in the body? A. Achilles B. tibialis anterior C. extensor hallucis longus D. extensor digitorum longus

Achilles

Which ligament of the knee keeps the femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia and prevents hyperextension of the knee? A. anterior cruciate B. posterior cruciate C. medial collateral D. lateral collateral

Anterior Cruciate

Which of the following describes the appearance of a stellate bone fracture? A. asterisk ( * ) B. back slash ( / ) C. spiral ( S ) D. transverse ( ˜ )

Asterisk (*)

What should the surgical technologist do while the surgeon is using the oscillating saw during open acromioplasty? A. Blot any bleeding bone surfaces carefully with sponge stick. B. Collect bone chips in wound carefully with cupped tissue forceps. C. Drip small amounts of irrigation onto blade to prevent overheating. D. Suction smoke from operative site created by heated tissues.

Drip small amounts of irrigation onto blade to prevent overheating.

Where is the area of active bone growth? A. cortex B. diaphysis C. epiphyseal plate D. medullary canal

Epiphyseal plate

Which agency requires the documentation and tracking of implantable orthopedic devices? A. AAMI B. CDC C. EPA D. FDA

FDA

Arthroscopic procedures require only one small incision through which all the instruments are passed.

False

There are limited choices of total joint systems available, making standardization routine and uncomplicated.

False

Which joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? A. atlantoaxial B. femoroacetabular C. patellofemoral D. temporomandibular

Femoroacetabular

Which of the following is NOT a bone of the pelvis? A. ilium B. pubis C. femur D. ischium

Femur

Which of the following is a long bone that is the largest in the human body? A. cranium B. femur C. ilium D. scapula

Femur

How many stages are involved in normal osteogenesis? A. two B. three C. five D. eight

Five

In adults, red bone marrow that produces red blood cells is mainly found in which type(s) of bone? A. flat and irregular B. long and short C. sesamoid only D. irregular only

Flat and irregular

The term C-arm refers to a(n): A. casting techniques B. extremity deformity C. fluoroscopic machine D. OR table positioning device

Fluoroscopic Machine

Rush, Ender, Russell-Taylor, Trigen, and Kuntscher are examples of flexible, standard, or titanium femoral: A. rods B. nails C. plates D. screws

Nails

What is a serious bone infection that may result from a compound fracture and become chronic later? A. osteoarthritis B. osteoclasts C. osteomyelitis D. osteophytes

Osteomyelitis

Patients in which age group are MOST commonly candidates for total hip arthroplasty? A. neonates B. school-aged C. ages 30 to 50 D. over 65 years

Over 65 years

Which hormone stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone and increase reabsorption of calcium when serum levels are low? A. estrogen B. follicle stimulating C. human growth D. parathyroid

Parathyroid

What is the outside covering of bones that provides some nourishment and protection from infection? A. articular cartilage B. enosteum C. periosteum D. synovial membrane

Periosteum

The proximal end of the radius and C1 on C2 vertebrae are examples of which type of diarthrosis? A. gliding B. hinge C. pivot D. saddle

Pivot

The action of pointing and putting a toe in the water to check the temperature would be an example of which movement? A. circumduction B. eversion C. plantar flexion D. supination

Plantar Flexion

Which piece of equipment is NOT attached to the arthroscope? A. camera head B. inflow and outflow tubing C. light cord D. powered shaver

Powered Shaver

The infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and supraspinatus muscles collectively comprise the: A. pelvic girdle B. rotator cuff C. sternal notch D. thoracic cage

Rotator cuff

The acromion process involved in the acromioclavicular joint is part of which of the following bones? A. clavicle B. humerus C. scapula D. sternum

Scapula

Carpal and tarsal bones are classified as which type of bone? A. flat B. irregular C. long D. short

Short

Which type of cast is applied often to children and immobilizes unilateral or bilateral hips and femurs? A. spica B. cylinder C. long leg D. short leg

Spica

All of the following are examples of devices used to anchor both ends of the ACL graft EXCEPT: A. bone screws with spiked washers B. bioabsorbable screws C. Steinman pins D. staples

Steinman pins

Which of the following means a partial separation or dislocation of a joint without any break in the skin? A. complex B. greenstick C. luxation D. subluxation

Subluxation

The connections between the large bones of the skull are categorized as which type of joint? A. amphiarthrosis B. coxarthrosis C. diarthrosis D. synarthrosis

Synarthrosis

What is the name of the deep, round fossa of the hip joint? A. acromium B. acetabulum C. tuberosity D. trochanter

acetabulum

Patients diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome would likely undergo: A. acromioplasty B. external fixation C. open reduction, internal fixation D. total shoulder arthroplasty

acromioplasty

Patellar tendon, iliotibial band, and semitendinosus tendon are examples of: A. autografts for ACL repair B. connections for hip movement C. insertion sites for arthroscopic instrumentation D. radiographic landmarks for knee x-ray studies

autografts for ACL repair

Aken, Chevron, McKeever, Keller, and McBride are techniques for which lower extremity procedure? A. above knee amputation (AKA) B. below knee amputation (BKA) C. bunionectomy D. triple arthrodesis

bunionectomy

Which bone is involved in a Colles' fracture? A. ulna B. radius C. scapula D. humerus

radius

A common system of instrumentation for open reduction of hip fractures is DHS, which stands for: A. dislocated hip surgery B. definitive hip support C. dynamic hip screw D. derotational hip stabilizer

dynamic hip screw

Which of the following statements regarding generally safe continuous tourniquet inflation time is CORRECT? A. both upper and lower extremity = 1 hour B. both upper and lower extremity = 1 1/2 hours C. lower extremity = 1 hour; upper extremity = 1 1/2 hours D. lower extremity = 1 1/2 hours; upper extremity = 1 hour

lower extremity = 1 1/2 hours; upper extremity = 1 hour

All of the following are indications for total shoulder arthroplasty EXCEPT: A. chronic arthritis pain B. humeral shaft fracture C. osteonecrosis of humeral head D. moderate impingement syndrome

moderate impingement syndrome

Which method of reducing a fracture carries the highest potential for surgical site infection? A. percutaneous pinning of simple fracture B. external fixator application for Colles' fracture C. closed with cast application for greenstick fracture D. open reduction, internal fixation for compound comminuted fracture

open reduction, internal fixation for compound comminuted fracture

What is the term for the softening of bone in children that is commonly called rickets? A. osteoarthritis B. osteochondrosis C. osteomalacia D. osteomyelitis

osteomalacia

Which of the following would be increased on a serum analysis and indicative of a malignant neoplasm of bone marrow? A. overproduction of immunoglobulins B. human leukocyte antigen C. serum phosphorus D. serum urate

overproduction of immunoglobulins

Which type of suture would be contraindicated for attaching tendon to bone? A. nylon (Nurolon) B. polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) C. polyester (Ethibond) D. stainless steel

polyglactin 910 (Vicryl)

Which component of an arthroscopy system is specific to orthopedics and differs from most laparoscopy/MIS systems? A. camera unit B. video monitor/screen C. fiber-optic light source D. powered shaving system

powered shaving system

In which anatomical structure is the patella contained? A. anterior cruciate ligament B. patellar tendon C. posterior cruciate ligament D. quadriceps tendon

quadriceps tendon

Total knee arthroplasty implant are categorized in all of the following EXCEPT: A. unicompartmental B. bicompartmental C. tricompartmental D. quadricompartmental

quadricompartmental

Which of the following demonstrates the correct order of steps for femoral canal preparation during total hip arthroplasty? A. reamer, rasp, pulse lavage, implant trial B. rasp, implant trial, pulse lavage, reamer C. pulse lavage, reamer, implant trial, rasp D. implant trial, rasp, reamer, pulse lavage

reamer, rasp, pulse lavage, implant trial

Which of the following pathologies is related to a specific autoimmune process that attacks the joints in the body? A. arthralgia B. derangement C. osteoarthritis D. rheumatoid arthritis

rheumatoid arthritis

Axillary nerve injury or detachment of the deltoid from the acromion are: A. indications for Bankart repair B. normal outcomes of total shoulder repair C. serious post-op complications of open acromioplasty D. treated conservatively with steroids and physical therapy

serious post-op complications of open acromioplasty

What type of bone is the patella? A. flat B. irregular C. long D. sesamoid

sesamoid

Which additional PPE is frequently worn by sterile team members during total joint procedures to prevent possible SSI? A. impervious apron under gown B. additional sterile sleeves C. space suit or body exhaust suits D. high-efficiency particulate air masks

space suit or body exhaust suits