3.32: Unit Test

A soybean plant uses cellular respiration to generate usable chemical energy. This is released within the cell as molecules of which substance?

ATP

During the electron transport chain, which process leads to the production of large amounts of ATP ?

High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.

Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves. As baby scorpions grow larger, which process occurs in their body (somatic) cells?

Mitosis makes copies of the cell nuclei.

Scorpion cells undergo aerobic respiration, just as human cells do. During aerobic respiration, which process takes place?

Oxygen is used, and ATP is made.

Which statement is correct about the Krebs cycle?

The Krebs cycle produces electron carriers for the electron transport chain.

How do the number of chromosomes in a female scorpion's egg cells compare with the number in her body (somatic) cells?

There are half as many chromosomes in egg cells.

In a cell that is undergoing mitosis, what first happens to the chromosomes after the nuclear envelope breaks down?

They line up at the equator of the cell.

How may a gene be defined?

a segment of DNA

Baby scorpions are born with fully developed bodies, each with many special parts such as a stinging tail. Which process enables baby scorpions to develop various kinds of body parts from a single zygote?

cell differentiation

When an athlete is nearing the end of a race and her cells are low on oxygen, what is likely to occur in her cells so that glycolysis can continue to produce ATP ?

fermentation

Vegetable farmers often plant soybeans every few years. Rotating crops breaks up the life cycles of many insect pests, and the soybean plants provide the soil with nitrogen. Other crop plants need the nitrogen to grow well. A field of soybean seeds has been planted on a farm in Indiana. As soon as the first leaves emerge from the seed, photosynthesis begins. Which substance is the chemical food source for the soybean plants?

glucose

Which compound is released by photosynthesis and used in aerobic respiration?

oxygen

The skin cells of a scorpion organize together to make a hard covering called a carapace, which helps protect the scorpion. Which term names a group of similar cells working together?

tissue

Which outcome is the main function of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

to produce ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions

Which outcome is the main function of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

to produce glucose