A&P Ch.2 part 1
Exchange Reaction
ATP + glucose --> ADP + glucose - P
Particle consisting of nucleus and orbiting electrons
Atom
Name the subatomic particles that participates in chemical bond formation
Electrons
One of ninety-two distinct substances, each with unique chemical properties
Element
Decomposition Reactions
The reaction that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol; Sucrose --> fructose + glucose
An ionically bound molecule that contains hydrogen ions will dissociate in water, releasing H⁺. This type of molecule is classified as a(n) a)______.A molecule that releases an ion that binds with H⁺ is classified as a(n) b)______.
a) acid b) base
At the most basic level of organization, a)______ bond together to form b)______. The study of these substances and how they interact is known as c)______.
a) atoms b) molecules c)chemistry
When you digest food, molecules need to a)______ correct to form a b)______ correct complex product. This is an example of an(n) c)______ reaction
a) break down b) less c) decomposition
For a metabolic process leading to growth and repair to occur, molecules need to a)______ to form a b)______ complex product; this is an example of a c)______ reaction.
a) combine b) more c) Synthesis
In a metabolic process that involves an a)______ or trading places of atoms; the reactants are c)______ compared to their products
a) exchange b) decomposition c) not different in complexity
Molecules with a)______ bonds between their components will b)______ (fall apart) in water, releasing charged particles called ions.
a) ionic b) dissociate
A a)______ reaction is symbolized with a double arrow
a) reversible
Substance that releases H+ and decreases pH
acid
A solution with a pH below 7 is considered ______
acidic
______ release H+, lower pH, and an example is H2CO3
acids
Substance that combines with H+ to remove it from a solution; increases pH
base
______ combines with H+, raises pH, and an example is KOH
base
Substance that resists a change in pH
buffer
The primary type of chemical reaction involved in the digestion of a meal by the digestive system is a ______ ______.
decomposition reaction
When the amount of hydrogen ions in a solution is increased, the pH of the solution will be ______.
decreased
The release of charged particles when salts dissociate in water results in a solution that can conduct electricity. Thus, these molecules are also called ______.
electrolytes
In a solution with the pH of 7, the amount of hydrogen ions is ______ ____ the number of hydroxide ions.
equal to
Chemical buffers are also able to add ______ ______ correct to a solution if the pH starts to get too high.
hydrogen ions
Chemical buffers are compounds that will bind ______ ______ correct when they are in abundance in a solution. This prevents an unwanted drop in pH.
hydrogen ions
Anything with weight and takes up space
matter
Particle formed by the chemical bonding of two or more atoms
molecules
Therefore, to understand ______, you must understand chemistry.
physiology
You need an understanding of basic chemistry because the functioning of the body is due to chemical ______ occurring within the cells.
reactions
Product (along with water) of a reaction between an acid and a base
salt
Ionic bound molecules consisting of oppositely charged ions are called ______ and are abundant in tissue and fluids
salts
A solution of pH 2.0 is ______ times more acidic than a solution of pH 3.0.
ten
What does pH measure?
the amount of hydrogen ions in a solution
Synthesis Reactions
the reaction that produces proteins from individual amino acids, assembles glucose into glycogen, and A + B --> AB
In addition, chemicals such as ______ and oxygen are necessary for our cells to function, and therefore for us to survive.
water
