A&P Ch.2 part 1

Exchange Reaction

ATP + glucose --> ADP + glucose - P

Particle consisting of nucleus and orbiting electrons

Atom

Name the subatomic particles that participates in chemical bond formation

Electrons

One of ninety-two distinct substances, each with unique chemical properties

Element

Decomposition Reactions

The reaction that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol; Sucrose --> fructose + glucose

An ionically bound molecule that contains hydrogen ions will dissociate in water, releasing H⁺. This type of molecule is classified as a(n) a)______.A molecule that releases an ion that binds with H⁺ is classified as a(n) b)______.

a) acid b) base

At the most basic level of organization, a)______ bond together to form b)______. The study of these substances and how they interact is known as c)______.

a) atoms b) molecules c)chemistry

When you digest food, molecules need to a)______ correct to form a b)______ correct complex product. This is an example of an(n) c)______ reaction

a) break down b) less c) decomposition

For a metabolic process leading to growth and repair to occur, molecules need to a)______ to form a b)______ complex product; this is an example of a c)______ reaction.

a) combine b) more c) Synthesis

In a metabolic process that involves an a)______ or trading places of atoms; the reactants are c)______ compared to their products

a) exchange b) decomposition c) not different in complexity

Molecules with a)______ bonds between their components will b)______ (fall apart) in water, releasing charged particles called ions.

a) ionic b) dissociate

A a)______ reaction is symbolized with a double arrow

a) reversible

Substance that releases H+ and decreases pH

acid

A solution with a pH below 7 is considered ______

acidic

______ release H+, lower pH, and an example is H2CO3

acids

Substance that combines with H+ to remove it from a solution; increases pH

base

______ combines with H+, raises pH, and an example is KOH

base

Substance that resists a change in pH

buffer

The primary type of chemical reaction involved in the digestion of a meal by the digestive system is a ______ ______.

decomposition reaction

When the amount of hydrogen ions in a solution is increased, the pH of the solution will be ______.

decreased

The release of charged particles when salts dissociate in water results in a solution that can conduct electricity. Thus, these molecules are also called ______.

electrolytes

In a solution with the pH of 7, the amount of hydrogen ions is ______ ____ the number of hydroxide ions.

equal to

Chemical buffers are also able to add ______ ______ correct to a solution if the pH starts to get too high.

hydrogen ions

Chemical buffers are compounds that will bind ______ ______ correct when they are in abundance in a solution. This prevents an unwanted drop in pH.

hydrogen ions

Anything with weight and takes up space

matter

Particle formed by the chemical bonding of two or more atoms

molecules

Therefore, to understand ______, you must understand chemistry.

physiology

You need an understanding of basic chemistry because the functioning of the body is due to chemical ______ occurring within the cells.

reactions

Product (along with water) of a reaction between an acid and a base

salt

Ionic bound molecules consisting of oppositely charged ions are called ______ and are abundant in tissue and fluids

salts

A solution of pH 2.0 is ______ times more acidic than a solution of pH 3.0.

ten

What does pH measure?

the amount of hydrogen ions in a solution

Synthesis Reactions

the reaction that produces proteins from individual amino acids, assembles glucose into glycogen, and A + B --> AB

In addition, chemicals such as ______ and oxygen are necessary for our cells to function, and therefore for us to survive.

water