A&P Final

Identify F in the ovarian cycle model. Secondary oocyte Corpus albicans Corpus luteum Primary follicle Secondary follicle

Corpus luteum See Pic Of Ovary with Varying Stages of Follicles

Impotence occurs when a male is unable to obtain and sustain an erection. The drug Viagra is often used as a treatment. Viagra increases the release of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator. How does this drug help treat impotence (what is the mechanism of action)? -An erection is a vascular event due to an increase in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels it increases blood pressure to increase blood flow to the penis. -An erection is a vascular event due to a decrease in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels, it decreases blood flow for an erection. -An erection is a vascular event due to an increase in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels, it restores blood flow for an erection. -An erection is a vascular event due to increased blood pressure. Viagra increases blood pressure to assist with this.

An erection is a vascular event due to an increase in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels, it restores blood flow for an erection.

What germ layer forms the nervous system, adrenal medulla, pituitary and pineal glands? Epiderm Mesoderm Endoderm Ectoderm

Ectoderm

Identify the male reproductive structure labeled G. Testis Scrotum Epididymis Ductus deferens

Epididymis See Pic of Male Reproductive Tract

An ultrasound of a female's abdomen and pelvis reveal her uterine tubes lack fimbriae. How likely will she become pregnant? -A lack of fimbriae will not affect fertilization because fertilization occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube. -A lack of fimbriae will cause her uterine tubes to be closer to the ovaries, allowing for sperm to reach the oocyte at the point of ovulation and fertilize it immediately. -Her chances of pregnancy are low because the fimbriae are needed to sweep the oocyte into the uterine tube for fertilization to occur. -Her chances of pregnancy are higher than normal since the lack of fimbriae will allow multiple oocytes to enter the uterine tube at one time.

Her chances of pregnancy are low because the fimbriae are needed to sweep the oocyte into the uterine tube for fertilization to occur.

A mother wants to know the sex of her unborn child. When is the earliest she could find out? -During the fourth month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female. -During the fifth month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female. -During the third month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female. -During the sixth month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female.

During the third month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female.

Which of the following is true about oogenesis? Oogenesis continues until death. Oogenesis begins at puberty. It continuously produces large numbers of ova. It releases an immature gamete each month.

It releases an immature gamete each month.

A young female has begun taking herbal supplements that mimic the effects of progesterone. What affect will this have on her monthly cycle? -She will most likely not menstruate because the high levels of progesterone will maintain her endometrial lining, mimicking pregnancy. -She will exhibit high levels of gonadotropins due to the high levels of progesterone. -She will begin to have mild bleeding or spotting throughout the month due to the high levels of progesterone. -She will be more likely to become pregnant since the high levels of progesterone will promote the ovarian cycle.

She will most likely not menstruate because the high levels of progesterone will maintain her endometrial lining, mimicking pregnancy.

Oogenesis begins __________. at puberty before birth during menopause during childhood

before birth

What is the name of the structure indicated by the question mark? amnion cervical canal umbilical cord vagina

cervical canal See Pic of Sagittal View of Female Abdomen with Fetus.

What is the name of the structure indicated by the question mark? vagina cervical canal amnion umbilical cord

cervical canal See Pic of Sagittal View of Female Abdomen with Fetus.

Parturition is also known as: labor. childbirth. placentation. dilation.

childbirth.

In humans, from which extraembryonic membrane will the first blood cells arise? yolk sac chorion allantois amnion

yolk sac

Which structures are highlighted? lactiferous ducts areolas lobes lobules

lactiferous ducts See PAL Pic- Anatomical Female Reproductive Tract, Mammary Gland

Women who wish to become pregnant should have sexual intercourse after a surge in: androgens. luteinizing hormone (LH). progesterone. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

luteinizing hormone (LH)

The fusion of the pronuclei can occur after the oocyte completes: meiosis I. meiosis II. capacitation. mitosis.

meiosis II.

Inherited traits controlled by two or more genes are called: multiple alleles. codominance. polygenic inheritance. incomplete dominance.

polygenic inheritance.

Name the labeled structure. prostate seminal vesicle testis bulbourethral gland

prostate See Pic of Male Reproductive System.

Which of the following can be fertilized during oogenesis? primary oocyte primordial follicle oogonium secondary oocyte

secondary oocyte

The diploid stem cells for sperm are called ________. spermatogonia secondary spermatocytes spermatids primary spermatocytes

spermatogonia

The stem cells that give rise to new sperm are called __________. spermatids spermatogonia sustentacular cells spermatocytes

spermatogonia

Which structure is highlighted? spermatids sustentacular cell nuclei primary spermatocytes spermatogonia

spermatogonia See PAL Pic- Histology Reproductive Tract Seminiferous Tubules.

Which portion of the uterus is shed during menstruation? stratum functionalis of the endometrium myometrium perimetrium stratum basalis of the endometrium

stratum functionalis of the endometrium

Fertilization typically occurs in the __________. uterus vagina ovary uterine tube

uterine tube

What part of the female reproductive system receives the penis during sexual intercourse? uterus vagina uterine tube clitoris

vagina

Ovulation typically occurs around day __________. 7 1 21 14

14

The probability of a male offspring being colorblind is __________. 0% 25% 50% 100%

50%

Homologous chromosomes are labeled __________. C D A B

A See Pic of Cell with 4 Paired Chromosomes

The proliferative phase is labeled __________. C B D A

B See Pic of Graph Showing Stratum Functionalis and Stratum Basalis during Uterine Cycle Stages.

The high levels of estrogens during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle trigger release of more FSH and LH, and their levels peak around day 14, which causes ovulation. True False

False

Identify the female reproductive structure labeled B. Fimbriae Perimetrium Myometrium Endometrium

Fimbriae See Pic of Female Reproductive Tract

A tumor in a male patient is preventing the anterior pituitary from secreting LH. What effect will this have on his sperm production? -A decrease in LH will increase his levels of testosterone and increase sperm production. -He will have an increase in production of androgen-binding protein and an increase in sperm production. -He will show a decrease in GnRH due to negative feedback which will increase his LH levels, increasing sperm production. -He will have a decreased amount of testosterone and in turn a reduction in sperm production.

He will have a decreased amount of testosterone and in turn a reduction in sperm production.

Identify the male reproductive structure labeled E. Urethra Seminal vesicle Bulbourethral gland Prostate gland

Prostate gland See Pic of Male Reproductive Tract

Where are spermatogenic cells located? Corpora cavernosa Seminiferous tubules Ductus deferens Corpus spongiosum Epididymis

Seminiferous tubules

Why is the secretion of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) important at the beginning of a pregnancy? -The hormone hCG is secreted to provide nutrients to and removal of wastes from the conceptus. -The hormone hCG contributes to the formation of the yolk sac, which is the source of the first blood cells. -The hormone hCG stimulates the corpus luteum to continue to secrete estrogen and progesterone and promotes placental development. -The hormone hCG is responsible for stimulating the production of the amniotic fluid which protects the conceptus from trauma.

The hormone hCG stimulates the corpus luteum to continue to secrete estrogen and progesterone and promotes placental development.

Dilation is the longest of the three stages of labor. True False

True

From one original cell, four genetically unique daughter cells, each with 23 nonreplicated chromosomes, are produced at the conclusion of meiosis II of spermatogenesis. True False

True

The placenta, a temporary organ that is shed after the infant is born, is the site of exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between the mother and fetus. True False

True

In order for a male to inherit a sex-linked (X-linked) disorder, he must receive the allele from: both his mother and father. his mother only. either his mother or father. his father only.

his mother only.

What is the normal fetal position at the start of labor? Vertex position; head downward, resting on the cervix Breech presentation; buttocks or feet downward Breech presentation; head downward, resting on the cervix Vertex position; buttocks or feet downward

Vertex position; head downward, resting on the cervix

What female reproductive structure contains the external openings of the vagina and urethra? Vestibule Clitoris Labia minora Cervix Labia majora

Vestibule

In the case of blood types, both alleles A and B may be expressed as the phenotype. This exemplifies: codominance. incomplete dominance. polygenic inheritance. sex-linked inheritance.

codominance.

Which cardiovascular changes are NOT typically expected in a pregnant female? varicose veins decreased hematocrit increased cardiac output decreased blood volume

decreased blood volume

The movement of sperm, testicular fluids, and secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicle into the urethra is known as: expulsion. emission. erection. ejaculation.

emission.

Which of the following is the inner germ layer? epiblast mesoderm ectoderm endoderm

endoderm

The process of spermiogenesis begins within the testis and continues to occur within the __________. spongy urethra epididymis prostate gland bulbourethral gland

epididymis

Which of the following is the phase of the ovarian cycle during which several primary follicles mature into secondary follicles? luteal phase ovarian phase follicular phase menstrual phase

follicular phase

Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria? genital herpes chlamydia gonorrhea syphylis

genital herpes

The primary sex organs are also called __________. external genitalia gonads gametes secondary sex characteristics

gonads

Which structure is highlighted? heads of sperm tails of sperm fibroblast nuclei red blood cells

heads of sperm See PAL Pic- Histology Reproductive Tract, slide of sperm