A&P Final
Identify F in the ovarian cycle model. Secondary oocyte Corpus albicans Corpus luteum Primary follicle Secondary follicle
Corpus luteum See Pic Of Ovary with Varying Stages of Follicles
Impotence occurs when a male is unable to obtain and sustain an erection. The drug Viagra is often used as a treatment. Viagra increases the release of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator. How does this drug help treat impotence (what is the mechanism of action)? -An erection is a vascular event due to an increase in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels it increases blood pressure to increase blood flow to the penis. -An erection is a vascular event due to a decrease in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels, it decreases blood flow for an erection. -An erection is a vascular event due to an increase in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels, it restores blood flow for an erection. -An erection is a vascular event due to increased blood pressure. Viagra increases blood pressure to assist with this.
An erection is a vascular event due to an increase in blood flow to the penis. Since Viagra vasodilates blood vessels, it restores blood flow for an erection.
What germ layer forms the nervous system, adrenal medulla, pituitary and pineal glands? Epiderm Mesoderm Endoderm Ectoderm
Ectoderm
Identify the male reproductive structure labeled G. Testis Scrotum Epididymis Ductus deferens
Epididymis See Pic of Male Reproductive Tract
An ultrasound of a female's abdomen and pelvis reveal her uterine tubes lack fimbriae. How likely will she become pregnant? -A lack of fimbriae will not affect fertilization because fertilization occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube. -A lack of fimbriae will cause her uterine tubes to be closer to the ovaries, allowing for sperm to reach the oocyte at the point of ovulation and fertilize it immediately. -Her chances of pregnancy are low because the fimbriae are needed to sweep the oocyte into the uterine tube for fertilization to occur. -Her chances of pregnancy are higher than normal since the lack of fimbriae will allow multiple oocytes to enter the uterine tube at one time.
Her chances of pregnancy are low because the fimbriae are needed to sweep the oocyte into the uterine tube for fertilization to occur.
A mother wants to know the sex of her unborn child. When is the earliest she could find out? -During the fourth month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female. -During the fifth month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female. -During the third month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female. -During the sixth month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female.
During the third month of gestation, the genitals become distinguishable as male or female.
Which of the following is true about oogenesis? Oogenesis continues until death. Oogenesis begins at puberty. It continuously produces large numbers of ova. It releases an immature gamete each month.
It releases an immature gamete each month.
A young female has begun taking herbal supplements that mimic the effects of progesterone. What affect will this have on her monthly cycle? -She will most likely not menstruate because the high levels of progesterone will maintain her endometrial lining, mimicking pregnancy. -She will exhibit high levels of gonadotropins due to the high levels of progesterone. -She will begin to have mild bleeding or spotting throughout the month due to the high levels of progesterone. -She will be more likely to become pregnant since the high levels of progesterone will promote the ovarian cycle.
She will most likely not menstruate because the high levels of progesterone will maintain her endometrial lining, mimicking pregnancy.
Oogenesis begins __________. at puberty before birth during menopause during childhood
before birth
What is the name of the structure indicated by the question mark? amnion cervical canal umbilical cord vagina
cervical canal See Pic of Sagittal View of Female Abdomen with Fetus.
What is the name of the structure indicated by the question mark? vagina cervical canal amnion umbilical cord
cervical canal See Pic of Sagittal View of Female Abdomen with Fetus.
Parturition is also known as: labor. childbirth. placentation. dilation.
childbirth.
In humans, from which extraembryonic membrane will the first blood cells arise? yolk sac chorion allantois amnion
yolk sac
Which structures are highlighted? lactiferous ducts areolas lobes lobules
lactiferous ducts See PAL Pic- Anatomical Female Reproductive Tract, Mammary Gland
Women who wish to become pregnant should have sexual intercourse after a surge in: androgens. luteinizing hormone (LH). progesterone. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
luteinizing hormone (LH)
The fusion of the pronuclei can occur after the oocyte completes: meiosis I. meiosis II. capacitation. mitosis.
meiosis II.
Inherited traits controlled by two or more genes are called: multiple alleles. codominance. polygenic inheritance. incomplete dominance.
polygenic inheritance.
Name the labeled structure. prostate seminal vesicle testis bulbourethral gland
prostate See Pic of Male Reproductive System.
Which of the following can be fertilized during oogenesis? primary oocyte primordial follicle oogonium secondary oocyte
secondary oocyte
The diploid stem cells for sperm are called ________. spermatogonia secondary spermatocytes spermatids primary spermatocytes
spermatogonia
The stem cells that give rise to new sperm are called __________. spermatids spermatogonia sustentacular cells spermatocytes
spermatogonia
Which structure is highlighted? spermatids sustentacular cell nuclei primary spermatocytes spermatogonia
spermatogonia See PAL Pic- Histology Reproductive Tract Seminiferous Tubules.
Which portion of the uterus is shed during menstruation? stratum functionalis of the endometrium myometrium perimetrium stratum basalis of the endometrium
stratum functionalis of the endometrium
Fertilization typically occurs in the __________. uterus vagina ovary uterine tube
uterine tube
What part of the female reproductive system receives the penis during sexual intercourse? uterus vagina uterine tube clitoris
vagina
Ovulation typically occurs around day __________. 7 1 21 14
14
The probability of a male offspring being colorblind is __________. 0% 25% 50% 100%
50%
Homologous chromosomes are labeled __________. C D A B
A See Pic of Cell with 4 Paired Chromosomes
The proliferative phase is labeled __________. C B D A
B See Pic of Graph Showing Stratum Functionalis and Stratum Basalis during Uterine Cycle Stages.
The high levels of estrogens during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle trigger release of more FSH and LH, and their levels peak around day 14, which causes ovulation. True False
False
Identify the female reproductive structure labeled B. Fimbriae Perimetrium Myometrium Endometrium
Fimbriae See Pic of Female Reproductive Tract
A tumor in a male patient is preventing the anterior pituitary from secreting LH. What effect will this have on his sperm production? -A decrease in LH will increase his levels of testosterone and increase sperm production. -He will have an increase in production of androgen-binding protein and an increase in sperm production. -He will show a decrease in GnRH due to negative feedback which will increase his LH levels, increasing sperm production. -He will have a decreased amount of testosterone and in turn a reduction in sperm production.
He will have a decreased amount of testosterone and in turn a reduction in sperm production.
Identify the male reproductive structure labeled E. Urethra Seminal vesicle Bulbourethral gland Prostate gland
Prostate gland See Pic of Male Reproductive Tract
Where are spermatogenic cells located? Corpora cavernosa Seminiferous tubules Ductus deferens Corpus spongiosum Epididymis
Seminiferous tubules
Why is the secretion of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) important at the beginning of a pregnancy? -The hormone hCG is secreted to provide nutrients to and removal of wastes from the conceptus. -The hormone hCG contributes to the formation of the yolk sac, which is the source of the first blood cells. -The hormone hCG stimulates the corpus luteum to continue to secrete estrogen and progesterone and promotes placental development. -The hormone hCG is responsible for stimulating the production of the amniotic fluid which protects the conceptus from trauma.
The hormone hCG stimulates the corpus luteum to continue to secrete estrogen and progesterone and promotes placental development.
Dilation is the longest of the three stages of labor. True False
True
From one original cell, four genetically unique daughter cells, each with 23 nonreplicated chromosomes, are produced at the conclusion of meiosis II of spermatogenesis. True False
True
The placenta, a temporary organ that is shed after the infant is born, is the site of exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between the mother and fetus. True False
True
In order for a male to inherit a sex-linked (X-linked) disorder, he must receive the allele from: both his mother and father. his mother only. either his mother or father. his father only.
his mother only.
What is the normal fetal position at the start of labor? Vertex position; head downward, resting on the cervix Breech presentation; buttocks or feet downward Breech presentation; head downward, resting on the cervix Vertex position; buttocks or feet downward
Vertex position; head downward, resting on the cervix
What female reproductive structure contains the external openings of the vagina and urethra? Vestibule Clitoris Labia minora Cervix Labia majora
Vestibule
In the case of blood types, both alleles A and B may be expressed as the phenotype. This exemplifies: codominance. incomplete dominance. polygenic inheritance. sex-linked inheritance.
codominance.
Which cardiovascular changes are NOT typically expected in a pregnant female? varicose veins decreased hematocrit increased cardiac output decreased blood volume
decreased blood volume
The movement of sperm, testicular fluids, and secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicle into the urethra is known as: expulsion. emission. erection. ejaculation.
emission.
Which of the following is the inner germ layer? epiblast mesoderm ectoderm endoderm
endoderm
The process of spermiogenesis begins within the testis and continues to occur within the __________. spongy urethra epididymis prostate gland bulbourethral gland
epididymis
Which of the following is the phase of the ovarian cycle during which several primary follicles mature into secondary follicles? luteal phase ovarian phase follicular phase menstrual phase
follicular phase
Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria? genital herpes chlamydia gonorrhea syphylis
genital herpes
The primary sex organs are also called __________. external genitalia gonads gametes secondary sex characteristics
gonads
Which structure is highlighted? heads of sperm tails of sperm fibroblast nuclei red blood cells
heads of sperm See PAL Pic- Histology Reproductive Tract, slide of sperm