A&P The Endocrine System
bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress (burnout) are signs and symptoms of ____________.
Addison's disease
what gland releases catecholamines?
Adrenal medulla
Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused caused by a tumor, results in ______________.
Cushing's syndrome
Which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland?
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
which of the following is a potent stimulator of aldosterone release?
angiotensin II
Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activates of the ____________.
anterior pituitary gland
which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result increases blood volume?
anti-diuretic hormone
Alcohol inhibits the secretion of _____________.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which one of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
a hormone produced by the heart, known as _____________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.
atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Which specific cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) release insulin in response to high blood glucose levels?
beta cells
which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body?
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)
The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are
calcitonin nad thyroid hormone
Six-year-old Timothy is small for his age, has dry skin , and scanty hair. He also shows signs of intellectual impairment. What disorder do you suspect? .
cretinism
Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release?
decreased blood pressure
which of the following disorders results from the Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
diabetes insipidus
Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones?
endocrine system
Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla?
epinephrine
the "fight or flight" response triggers the release of ____________.
epinephrine
The hormone that stimulates the follicle developed by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is ____________.
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
cortisone and cortisol ar types of _____________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.
glucocorticoids
Without iodine in the diet, which thyroid gland disorder may result?
goiter
Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following is probably NOT one of her signs or symptoms?
high blood pressure and edema
hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete its hormones. how would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation?
hormonal
Which hormone, produced by the placenta, stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone so that the of the uterine is not is not sloughed off in menses?
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid glands in response to low blood concentration ions. This mechanism operates by a _______________.
humoral stimulus
when blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release __________.
insulin
which of the following hormones decreased blood glucose levels?
insulin
which two important hormones are produced by the islets cells (islets of Langerhans) of the pancreas?
insulin and glucagon
Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ___________, while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as __________.
insulin; glucagon
as the efficiency of the ovaries declines in middle age, a woman ability to bear children ends. What is this known as?
menopause
which of the following is NOT a sign of diabetes mellitus?
moon face
they hypothalamus make two hormones _____________ and ____________ that are stored by the posterior pituitary.
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to ____________.
pituitary dwarfism
what endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus?
pituitary gland
Which two hormones play a role in promoting the milk reflex and in stimulating and maintaining breast milk production in a nursing mother's breasts?
prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin
raising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to ____________.
reabsorb sodium ions
which of the following is a function of the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone?
regulate salt content of the blood
The enzyme produced by the kidney when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called _________.
renin
how would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol such as a sex hormone?
steroid hormone
with of the following is NOT and effect of testosterone in males?
stimulation of the posterior pituitary
what is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
thyroid
The body's major metabolic hormone, which is actually two iodine-containing hormones is called __________________.
thyroid hormone
which hormone is alternatively known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles (Small anteries)?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
