Abnormal Psych Exam 3

The average victim of anorexia nervosa is ______ percent below normal body weight.

25%

According to the National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, at any point in time _____ percent of high school females are attempting to lose weight, as compared with _____ percent of males.

44/15

About ____ percent of people with anorexia nervosa are estimated to die of starvation, suicide, or medical complications stemming from their extreme weight loss.

5

In the long term treatment of alcoholic patients, SSRIs

Can be helpful with patients who also have a diagnosis of major depression

THC is the active ingredient in marijuana. It produces a sense of euphoria by stimulating

Cannabinoid receptors, thereby activating the dopamine reward system

What drug is commonly used around the world due to its widespread level of availibility?

Cannabis

Select the statement that is FALSE about cocaine.

Cocaine, although powerful in effect, is not highly addictive

Which therapy involves changing behavior and maladaptive styles of thinking?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

The U.S. Congress and all 50 states have passed laws that are intended to protect society from people who have been convicted of violent or repeated sexual offenses. One set of laws, sometimes called Megan's laws, are actually called

Community notification laws

Compared to families of individuals with anorexia nervosa, which of the following are you most likely to find in families of individuals with bulimia nervosa?

Conflict and Rejection

According to DSM-V, the central features of all paraphilias are persistent sexual urges and fantasies that are associated with all of the following EXCEPT _____.

Consenting adults

Research indicates that _____ largely influence the development of eating disorders, particularly in young women in the U.S.

Cultural standards on beauty and thinness

Which of the following is NOT considered a potential benefit of the medical use of marijuana?

Cure for erectile disorder

A woman experiences persistent pain in her vagina during and after sexual intercourse. The pain is mild, but it is consistently present when she is having sex with her male partner. What sexual dysfunction is she likely experiencing?

Dyspareunia

Efforts to understand the relationship between depression and eating disorders have focused on which of the following depressive symptoms?

Low self-esteem

Alan, a sex offender receiving therapy, underwent covert sensitization in which he was

Made to feel sick while looking at a sexual stimulus

What does the feminist perspective on rape emphasize?

Male aggression and violence

Differentiate between the various areas of the brain listed below. What area of the brain connecting the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens is considered a primary circuit to "reward pathways," and therefore, plays an important role in the biological basis of addiction

Medial forebrain bundle

The rates at which binge eating disorder occurs in the general population make it the ___________________________ of all eating disorders in DSM-5.

Most frequently occurring

Heave marijuana use have been associated with functional impariments such as memory loss and diffiuculty with attention, learning skills, and

Motor movement

Antidepressant therapy in treating bulimia _______.

Must be used in conjunction with another form of treatment

Psychological factors such as ___________________ may be associated with sexual dysfunction in both men and women.

Negative mood states

Before the early 20th century, the purpose of sexual behavior was considered to be _______.

Only for biological reproduction

The A&E cable channel is presenting the biography of Dr. Hilde Bruch. The presentation includes interviews with Dr. Burch, who is asked to explain her theory of the development of eating disorders. What does she say?

Overly compliant young women use dieting as a means to wrest some control from their parents

A person with a paraphilia that entails recurrent, intense, sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a young child is suffering from

Pedophilia

Substance use by __________ are the most robust predictors for adolescemt alcohol or drug use.

Peers and parents

What can we conclude from the ease with which pseudohermaphrodites adopt a male gender identity at adolescence?

Prenatal hormones affect later gender identity

Which of the following is a function of the integrated reward system?

Psychomotor activation effect

A female friend of yours is expressing great concern about the possibility that she might one day encounter an exhibitionist. To help her deal with her fears, you tell her that exhibitionists

Rarely touch or otherwise molest their victims

Which of the following IS NOT a treatment strategy used for eating disorders?

Rational renutrition

One approach to the treatment of paraphilias involves drugs that

Reduce the levels of testosterone

What typically happens when antidepressant medication used to treat bulimia nervosa is discontinued by the patient?

Relapse is often common

The families of drugs that include barbiturates and benzodiazepines are also known informally as

Sedatives

Genetic factors in the cause of alcohol abuse could be somewhat indirect. It has been suggested, for example, that genes that influence __________________ may cause a person to be more likely to risk alcohol dependence.

Sensation seeking

What is the central problem in paraphilias?

Sexual arousal is detached from a reciprocal, loving adult relationship

An extreme aversion to and avoidance of all (or almost all) genital contact with a partner would be diagnosed under

Sexual dysfunction

You have come to the part of your Abnormal Psychology textbook that covers the sexual dysfunctions, where there are several case studies presented. Which of the following might well be the subject of one of those cases?

Someone whose sexual desire is inhibited

What is the primary characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

Starving oneself

Marina complains of feeling out-of-control after eating a slice of toast. In an eating disorder paradigm, this behavior would be termed a

Subjective binge

Your friend missed work and has serious family difficulties becuase he uses drugs. Howeverm he is not addicted to drugs. What DSM-5 diagnosis should be made in this case?

Substance use disorder

In addition to pharmacological treatment, what less frequent treatment is used for erectile dysfunction?

Surgical implants

In order to understand the biological nature of dependence, researchers must study how drugs affect ____.

The brain

What have researchers found concerning the relationship between eating disorders and an individual's report of sexual abuse?

The rate of reports of sexual abuse among those with eating disorders is similar to that found in other pathologies

What is a weight set point?

The small interval around which the body attempts to maintain its weight

Why are cocaine and amphetamines called stimulant drugs?

They activate the sympathetic nervous system

What did Bach and his colleagues find concerning sexual dysfunction in men?

They experienced negative emotions when aroused in the presence of erotic stimuli

How do cocaine and amphetamines lead to hallucinations, delusicions, and paranoia?

They increase dopamine and norepinephrine

Which is most accurate with regard to why the purging and nonpurging subtypes of bulimia nervosa were removed from DSM-5?

They were not supported by the research

Which of the following is one of the primary goals that the treatment of anorexia focuses on?

To address broader eating and personal difficulties

Both at college and at home, Bob uses illicit drugs only "socially." his use does not produce problems with his social, educational, or occupational functioning. Bob's behavior constitutes substance

Use

At the mental health center, a young man will begin what is called motivational interviewing. What can this man expect during the session that will follow?

Using a nonconfrontational approach, an interviewer will help him to resolve his ambivalence about using drugs and to make a definite commitment to change

Certain segments of the population have higher rates of anorexia nervosa than others. Which of the following segments would potentially have the highest rates of the disorder?

Workers in the entertainment industry

Alcohol dependence is seen most often in __________ and least often in ___________.

Young adults; the elderly

Which of the following findings seems to support Hilde Bruch's view of the etiology of eating disorders?

Young women with eating disorders tend to set unrealistic, perfectionistic goals.

Which of the following is an example of psychological dependence on alcohol?

Drinking to relieve negative moods

Rebecca is trying to recover from alcoholism. Her therapist is attempting to help her reduce the abstinence violation effect. This is a problem for Rebecca because as soon as she has even a small drink, she thinks,

"I've messed up; I may as well go ahead and get drunk."

Detoxification is a process of systematic and supervised withdrawal from substance use that is either managed in a residential setting or on an outpatient basis. Drug use during detoxification can take which of the following forms?

- Help reduce withdrawal symptoms - Prevent relapse - To wean a user onto a weaker substance

People who stop taking relatively high doses of benzodiazepines can experience an abrupt return of the original anxiety they were using the drugs to suppress. This is called

A Discontinuance Syndrome

The heritability of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa indicates that there appears to be

A genetic component to both disorders

Compared with anorexia nervosa patients, persons diagnosed with bulimia nervosa have

A lower risk of mortality

Tom finally quit smoking 6 months ago after having a heart attack. After a long recovery, he was invited out by a group of old high school buddies. During the course of the evening, Tom smoked a few cigarettes. The next morning, he boguht a pack of "low tar" cigarettes, thinking to himself, "I just can't break the habit." This illustrates the

Abstinence violation effect

In approaching the treatment of anorexia nervosa, a multidisciplinary team first

Addresses weight restoration

According to the World Health Organization, ___________ use was responsible for 5 percent of the total burden of disease and disability worldwide in 2004

Alcohol

The workgroup that prepared the definition of substance use disorders that is used in DSM-5 collapsed substance dependence and substance abuse into a single disorder with a continuous range of severity. In the case of alcohol, this disorder is called

Alcohol use disorder

The _____ and _____ in the brain seem to be particularly involved with paraphilic behaviors.

Amygdala; Hippocampus

What psychiatric disorder has the highest mortality rate?

Anorexia nervosa

Noreen is an alcoholic who has successfully completed detoxification. She is now taking a drug that causes her to become nauseous, swear profusely, and have an increased heart rate if she ingests alcohol. What medication is Noreen taking?

Antabuse

The most effective treatments for bulimia nervosa include ___________, cognitive behavior therapy, and interpersonal psychotherapy.

Antidepressant medication

Obese people with binge eating disorders differ from obese persons without the disorder in that the former

Are more likely to have associated depression and anxiety disorders

Which of the following might a person suffering from alcohol withdrawal delirium experience?

Auditory hallucinations

In order to help cure his alcohol addiction, Jason was given an electric shock each time he consumed a drop of alcohol. This form of therapy is known as

Aversion therapy

A cognitive psychologist is proposing a study of the effectiveness of several forms of therapy for treating anorexia nervosa. She sends her proposal to the ethics committee for review. Although the committee approves the proposal from an ethics standpoint, one of the committee members writes her a note saying, "Be aware of the allegiance effect." What will this note mean to the psychologist in regard to her proposal?

Because she is a cognitive therapist she is more likely to find that form of therapy to be the most successful

In one type of tolerance, cues that are regularly associated with the administration of a drug begin to function as conditioned stimuli and elicit a conditioned response that is opposite in direction to the natural effect of the drug in the process of __________ conditioning.

Behavioral

Which category of drugs is made up of those used to treat anxiety disorders and sleeping problems?

Benzodiazepines

Instead of having two cookies, Michelle would eat an entire box of cookies. She didn't eat a single serving of chips, but the whole family-size bag. This is an example of a

Binge

Which of the following is TRUE of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Both disorders involve a purging subtype

________is often hard to recognize because individuals tend to maintain a normal weight

Bulimia Nervosa

Studies that have examined the specific nature of alcohol expectancies have found that people expect alcohol to do all of the following EXCEPT_______.

Decrease power and aggression

Researchers are finding an increased rate of which mental disorders in both victims of eating disorders and their family members?

Depression

Which psychological problem often occurs with bulimia nervosa?

Depression

Barbiturates pose a death risk because of rapid tolerance and risk of overdose. This is the result of

Depression of the brain's respiratory center

About 5% of people with anorexia nervosa _____.

Die of starvation, suicide, or medical complications

Which of the following is likely to be experienced while under the influence of MDMA, also known as ecstasy?

Difficulty regulating body temperature

A ______ study is a research study in which neither the patient nor the therapist knows if the patient is receiving the treatment in question of the placebo.

Double blind

What tends to be a maintaining factor in eating disorders?

Engaging in body checking behaviors

Which of the following is considered to be a "high victim" sexual behavior?

Exhibitionistic disorder

In bulimia nervosa, binges are usually terminated because the person runs out of food, is interrupted by someone, or

Experiences a strong urge to purge

Anorexic patients take great pride in their ___________, whereas bulimic patients continually feel like failures in this area.

Extreme self-control

Sam is looking for a job to earn money and put him near the stimuli he uses to achieve sexual excitement. He is offered what he views as the "ideal job" at a shoe store; but he is fired when his interactions with customers provide evidence that he has a paraphilia known as

Fetishism

Danny has a long history of alcohol abuse. He prefers whiskey and drinks it daily. When he was jailed for several days after an arrest for DWI, he began to experience tingling sensations over his body that felt like "a million ants scurrying over his skin." Knowing Danny's excessive consumption of alcohol, what might this unusual sensation be labeled?

Formication

Despite affecting many neurotransmitters, alcohol has a particularly powerful effect on the neurotransmitter

GABA

Several genes that affect the reception of which neurotransmitter have been seen to correlate with the risk of alcohol dependence?

GABA

Culturally-defined characteristics and behaviors that indicate what is "masculine" or "feminine" are called _____.

Gender Roles

The differences in eating disorders between women and men are likely due to _____ and _____.

Gender roles; standards of beauty

Despite the fact that hallucinogens are not physically addictive and do not produce the classic withdrawal symptoms, their use may result in

Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder

Relapse prevention is a treatment that uses functional analysis to

Identify antecedents and consequences of drug use

The frequency of eating disorders has ______ since the 1960s and 1970s.

Increased

Nina is a patient with anorexia. While participating in a study, it was noted that Nina pays much more attention to her appearance than to her internal cues and emotional states. What is Nina lacking?

Introceptive awareness

Select the statement below that is TRUE of bulimia nervosa.

It is a more "modern" phenomenon than anorexia nervosa

Which of the following is TRUE of the course of anorexia nervosa as a disorder?

It may often include periods of relapse and remission