American National Government Midterm

What is true of the new deal?

-New federal laws regulating economic activity were introduced -New federal laws were struck down by the supreme court because they regulated intrastate commerce, not interstate commerce. -The supreme court's actions caused Roosevelt to propose legislation that would allow him to choose more justices for the court

What are true of federal grants?

-They have increased the power of the federal government -They have increased in the amount of dollars given by the national government -They have given the national government a much greater role in state government

A lobbyist

A lobbyist is hired to influence political office holders.

Which of the following is an aspect of iron triangles?

A symbiotic relationship among congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

After early rulings by the supreme court increased the power of the national government, states sought a shift back to states' rights due to

All of the above are true. -Increasing divisions between the north and south over the slavery issue -Conflict over congressional passage of a tariff on trade in 1828 -concern over expanding power by the federal government in the regulation of commerce -conflict over the role of the national government and that of the states

After early rulings by the supreme court increased the power of the national government, states sought a shift back to states rights due to

All of the above are true: -Increasing divisions between the north and the south over the slavery issue -Concern over expanding power by the federal government in the regulation of commerce -Conflict over the role of the national government and that of the states

To accurately represent the the target population, a small sample should be

All of the above are true: -randomly selected -representative of the whole group -representative in terms of demographic traits (age, region, religion, race, and the like) -Representative in terms of opinions

In their dealings with one another, each state is required to do

All of the above: -Give full faith and credit to the other states official acts -extend to citizens of other states the privileges and immunities of its own citizens -return persons fleeing from justice back to the state that requests them

What changes have occurred in the lobbying environment over the past three or four decades?

All of the above: -There is more professional lobbying -Many interest groups lobby both the national government and the states -A fragmentation of interests has taken place

All are true of federal grants EXCEPT that they

Are given by the states for national projects

In the case Arizona v united states, the supreme court struck down all provisions of the arizona law except for

Authorizing police officers to check the immigration status of anyone they stop or arrest who they suspect is an undocumented immigrant

The Constitution protects interest groups

Both A and B are true: -through the first amendments right to petition the government for a redress of grievances -through the first amendments right to peaceably assemble

Generating public pressure and awareness may

Convince policymakers that public opinion overwhelmingly supports the interest groups position

Under this model, both levels of government coordinated their actions to solve national problems, such as the great depression and the civil rights struggle of the following decades.

Cooperative federalism

Political information provided under the pretense that it is neutral is called

Covert content

It is an election that represents a sudden, clear, and long-term shift in voter allegiances

Critical election

The idea that media affects a citizens worldview through the information presented is known as

Cultivation theory

Which factor is most likely to lead to the incumbency advantage for a candidate?

Gerrymandering of the candidates district

The values that shape American political culture include all of the following except

Government control of the economy

Which of the following is true about third parties?

In 1892, a third party known as the Populist Party formed in reaction to what its constituents perceived as the domination of U.S. society by big business and a decline in the power of farmers and rural communities.

Which of the following is a reasonable exception to the Freedom of Information Act?

Medical records for government employees

Cable programming is often

National

A person who believes many groups healthily compete for access to decision-makers is known as

Neopluralist

It is a style of federalism premised on the idea that the decentralization of policies enhances administrative efficiency reduces overall public spending, and improves outcomes.

New Federalism

That type of federalism is premised on the idea that the decentralization of policies enhances administrative efficiency, reduces overall public spending, and improves policy outcomes

New Federalism

In that case, the supreme court clearly identified a constitutional right to marriage based on the fourteenth amendment

Obergefell v Hodges

Polls may be more accurate if the sample is

Options A and B are true: -truly random -weighted to correct missing data from underrepresented groups

strings attached to federal grants

Options a and b are true: -Are called federal mandates -Are designed to force states to save money

Susan is currently working two part-time jobs and is frustrated about the poor economy. On election day, she votes for every challenger on the ballot, because she feels the president and congress are not doing enough to help her. What type of vote did she cast?

Pocketbook vote

In which type of election are you most likely to see coattail effects?

Presidential

A government action that stops someone from doing something before they are able to do it (for example forbidding someone to publish a book he or she plans to release)

Prior Restraint

Andrew is a 23-year-old college student very interested in politics. On the upcoming presidential election, he plans to vote for the candidate that promises to tackle major issues facing college students today, such as student loan debts, climate change, etc. What type of vote will he cast?

Prospective vote

IT is a sample consisting of a limited number of people from the overall population, selected in such a way that each has an equal chance of being chosen

Random sample

These are the two methods that citizens use to form an opinion about an issue or candidate

Rely on heuristics and conduct research

It is a supreme court case whose decision limiting the power of the states to regulate abortion

Roe v Wade

According to research, why might a woman decide not to run for office?

She fears the media will criticize her family

Outside lobbying techniques used by interest groups include

Strategies sthat use the general public or individuals to influence the government for the interest group[

The Federal communications commission oversees the programming of which entities?

Television, radio, satellite, and cable

The difference between a poll result and an election result in which voters gave a socially desirable poll response rather than a true response that might be perceived as racist

The Bradley effect

Which of the following is true of spending in politics?

The Supreme Court has opposed restrictions on spending on politics

That theory claims that an external event can lead to interest group mobilization and formation

The disturbance theory

It granted Congress a vast source of discretionary power to achieve its constitutional responsibilities

The doctrine of implied powers

It enables congress "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying" out its constitutional responsibilities.

The elastic clause

The clause in the constitution that grants congress the power to do whatever is necessary to execute its enumerated or expressed powers is called

The elastic or necessary and proper clause

Which of the following statements about the electoral college is true?

The only way that our nation could cease to use the electoral college is through the process of constitutional amendment

In the case of Gibbons v Ogden

The power to regulate interstate commerce was determined to be an exclusive national power of the federal government

Which institution has the highest average public approval ratings?

The supreme court

A mandate that threatens civil and criminal penalties for state and local authorities that fail to comply with them across the board in all programs, while another provides for the suspension of federal grant money if the mandate is not followed.

Unfunded mandates

All of the following statements are true except

Voter ID Laws are favored by democrats

It is sensationalized coverage of scandals and human interest stories by the media

Yellow Journalism

A political system in which only two parties have a reasonable chance of winning is called

a two-party system

A source of political information intended to help citizens understand how to act in their political system an dhow to make decisions on political matters is also known as

an agent of political socialization

An agreement between two or more states is

an interstate compact

The expressed or enumerated powers of article 1 section 8 include the ability of the federal government to

coin money, set standards for weights and measurements, and determine rules for citizenship

Constitutional powers shared by the federeal government and state government over particular jurisdictions are known as

concurrent powers

When acting as an agenda setter, the media

decides which issues deserve public attention

The writ of habeas corpus and ex post facto laws are examples of

denied powers

During the era of new federalism, the federal government sent power back to the states through a process known as

devolution

In a federal political system, authority is

divided between the central government and regional or sub-divisional governments.

People who become members of interest groups for purposive incentives are joimning

for ethical beliefs, moral principles, or ideological reasons

People who become member's of interest groups for solidary inventive are joining

for the benefit of joining with others who have the same concerns or are similar in other ways

The people who work for one interest group or firm and represent their organization in a lobby capacity are known as

in-house lobbyists

Muckraking occurs when newspapers

investigate problems in government and business

The number of members each state will have in the electoral college

is determined by adding the number of representatives and the number of senators a state has in congress

Under the model of proportional representation

legislative seats are allocated to competing parties based on the total share of votes they receive in the election

It is a type of election in which the winning candidate must receive at least 50 percent of the votes, even if a run-off election is required

majoritarian voting

Issuing press releases, placing stories and articles in the media, entering coalitions with other groups, and contacting interest group members are examples of

outside lobbying

Media coverage of a race tends to

overrepresent African Americans as poor

A conglomerate is a corporation that

owns many businesses and media networks

In their dealings with each other, each state is required to do all of the following except

refrain from making agreements that do not include fifty states

Unfunded mandates are

requirements in federal legislation that force states to comply with federal rules

The manner in which members of the electoral college are selected within each state is currently governed by

state laws

All of the following are true of the new Deal except that

state powers to regulate the economy increased significantly

In the winner-take-all system

the candidate that gets the most votes wins

Since the great depression

the power of the federal government has increased significantly

At the national convention

the presidential candidate is chosen by the party delegates.

George Washington viewed political parties as a

threat to national unity and popular government

People who become members of interest groups for material incentives are joining

to gain tangible benefits, i.e. improving their economic opportunities