Anatomical Features (Markings) of Bones
Foramen
A hole through a bone (foramen magnum)
Crest - Projection /extension
A narrow, elevated ridge of bone (iliac crest of hip)
Alveolus
A pit or socket (tooth socket)
Tuberosity - projection / extension
A rough elevated surface (tibial tuberosity)
Condyle - Articulation
A rounded knob that articulates with another bone (occipital or mandibular condyles)
Spine - projection / extension
A sharp slender process (spine of scapula)
Fissure
A slit through a bone (orbital fissures behind the eyes)
Tubercle - projection / extension
A small rounded process (greater and lesser tubercle of humerus)
Facet Articulation
A smooth flat articular surface (articular facets of vertebrae)
Canal -
A tubular passage or tunnel in a bone (condylar canal of the skull)
Depressions
Alveolus, Fossa, Fovea, Sulcus
Sinus
An air filled space in a bone (frontal or maxillary sinus)
Meatus
An opening into a canal (acoustic meatus of the ear)
Process - projection / extension
Any bony prominence (mastoid process, styloid process, zygomatic process)
Passages and Holes
Canal, Fissure, Foramen, Meatus, Sinus
Projections and Extensions
Crest, Epicondyle, Line, Process, Protuberance, Ramus, Spine, Trochanter, Tubercle, Tuberosity
Ejpicondyle - Projection / extension
Projection superior to a condyle (medial epicondial of humerus or femur
Line - projection / extension
Slightly raised, elongated ridge (nuchal lines of occipital bone
Head Articulation
The prominent expanded end of a bone, someties rounded (head of humerus or femur)
Trochanter - projection / extension
Two massive processes unique to the femur (greater and lesser trochangers of femur)
Ramus - projection / extension
a branch (ramus of mandible)
Fovea
a small pit (fovea capitis of the femur)
Protuberance - projection / extension
bony outgrowth or protruding part (mental protuberance of chin
Sulcus - Depression
groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel (intertubular sulcus of the humerus)
Fossa - Depression
shallow depression / shallow, broad, or elongated basin (mandibular or iliac fossa)
Articulations
Condyle, Facet, Head