Anatomy and Physiology Exam #5 True/False
A joint and the muscle that moves that joint tend to be innervated by different nerves.
False
A neuron becomes depolarized during an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP).
False
A reverberating circuit involves an incoming signal that travels along a chain of neurons and quickly dies out.
False
Acetylcholine is released only by neurons at neuromuscular junctions.
False
All neurons are amitotic.
False
All of the spinal ventral rami branch and join one another lateral to the vertebral column to form complex nerve plexuses.
False
Although a variety of molecules act as neurotransmitters, amino acid neurotransmitters have NOT yet been found.
False
Anatomically, all general sensory receptors are encapsulated nerve endings.
False
Chemoreceptors respond to light energy.
False
Due to the amount of space between cells, over 30% of the CNS is extracellular space.
False
Each muscle in a limb receives its nerve supply from one spinal nerve.
False
If any part of a neuron is damaged, the entire neuron will die because neurons do NOT divide.
False
The sodium-potassium pump ejects two Na+ from the cell and then transports three K+ back into the cell in order to maintain the concentration gradients for sodium and potassium.
False
The sodium-potassium pump provides energy for neurons, but does NOT affect resting membrane potential.
False
The ventral rami of spinal nerves are motor, while the dorsal rami are sensory.
False
There are no significant gender differences in brain development.
False
Excitatory synapses can occur anywhere on a dendrite or soma, but it is at the axon hillock where an action potential can be generated.
True
Lateralization usually causes the left cerebral hemisphere to be dominant in most people, as it is mainly involved with visual-spatial skills.
True
Neurons are also called nerve cells.
True
Nociceptors respond to potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain.
True
Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep alternate through most of the sleep cycle. During REM, most of the body's skeletal muscles are inactive.
True
One of the major reasons that there is normally no regeneration of nerve fibers in the CNS is the presence of growth-inhibiting factors.
True
Opening K+ or Cl- channels in a postsynaptic membrane would produce an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP).
True
Regulation of food intake is a function of the hypothalamus.
True
The CSF is produced in the choroid plexus
True
The PNS is the part of the nervous system that provides links between the outside world and our bodies.
True
The amygdaloid body is functionally part of the limbic system.
True
The basic pattern of the CNS in the spinal cord is a central cavity surrounded by a gray matter core and a white matter layer lying outside of that.
True
The creases and folds on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres allow more neurons to occupy a limited amount of space.
True
The entire body is represented by somatotopy in the primary motor cortex of each hemisphere.
True
The firing of one neuron can produce temporal summation.
True
The growth and shape of the brain is influenced by the limited space and slower growth of the membranous skull that contains it.
True
The limbic system functions as our emotional brain.
True
The presence of the nodes of Ranvier speeds up the velocity of conduction along the axon.
True
The relay stations for the olfactory pathways are located in the hypothalamus.
True
The somatosensory and visual primary sensory areas in the brain have association areas where integration takes place.
True
The term cerebral dominance designates the hemisphere that is dominant for language.
True
The tibial nerve provides sensation from the sole of the foot.
True
Unipolar neurons are more accurately called pseudounipolar neurons.
True
Unlike peripheral nerves, most nerve fibers within the CNS never regenerate.
True
In neural processing, input either travels along one single pathway to a specific destination (serial) or it travels along several different pathways to integrate in different CNS regions (parallel), but NOT both.
False
In spina bifida, the cerebrum and part of the brain stem never develop
False
Nerves are either sensory or motor, but NOT both.
False
REM sleep declines from infancy until death.
False
Reflexes are classified functionally as autonomic reflexes if they activate skeletal muscle
False
Regulation of temperature is a function of the thalamus.
False
Schwann cells myelinate axons in the CNS.
False
Since neurosurgeons have started to align cut nerve endings and use scaffolding devices to guide axon growth, it is now possible to have perfect regeneration of an axon
False
The "heart" of the limbic system is the medulla oblongata.
False
The CNS is the control center for ALL human activities.
False
The adult rhinencephalon is involved only in the processing of olfactory information.
False
The cranial nerves serve structures only in the head and neck.
False
The dura mater is the innermost layer of the meninges.
False
The facial nerve has three major branches.
False
The hypothalamus is the area where afferent impulses from all senses and all parts of the body are sorted out and then relayed to the appropriate area of the sensory cortex.
False
Unmyelinated fibers conduct impulses faster than myelinated fibers.
False
CNS nerve fibers lack the intrinsic capacity to regenerate, while PNS nerve fibers are able to regenerate.
True
A sensory neuron transmits afferent impulses to the CNS.
True
After the destruction of the axon, the neuron cell body swells as protein synthesis increases.
True
Although the number of pairs of spinal nerves in an area generally corresponds to the number of vertebrae, there are eight pairs of cervical spinal nerves, but only seven cervical vertebrae.
True
At an excitatory synapse, only one type of channel is opened, allowing both sodium and potassium to diffuse simultaneously in opposite directions. This still allows depolarization to take place.
True
Axons are the conducting component of the neuron, whereas dendrites are the collecting, or receptive, component.
True
