Chapter 28 Homework: The Reproductive System

4. Which of the following does not contribute to milk production in the mammary glands? - a decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels - a continuous increase in prolactin levels - an inhibition of PRH and a stimulation of PIH - all of these

An inhibition of PRH and a stimulation of PIH

16. Which is released at ovulation? - an ovum - a secondary oocyte - a primary oocyte - an oogonium

A secondary oocyte

25. FSH and testosterone stimulate Sertoli cells to produce - ABP. - LH. - Testosterone. - None of these.

ABP

10. Which of the following pathways is correct? (Some structures may be omitted.) - alveoli, secondary tubules, mammary ducts, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous duct, nipple - lactiferous sinuses, alveoli, secondary tubules, mammary ducts, lactiferous duct, nipple - nipple, alveoli, secondary tubules, mammary ducts, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous duct - alveoli, mammary ducts, secondary tubules, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous duct and nipple

Alveoli, secondary tubules, mammary ducts, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous duct, nipple

8. During the early to middle aspects of the luteal phase, which hormones increase in the blood?

Estrogen, Inhibin, Progesterone

5. Relaxation, loss of erection, drop in blood pressure and heart rate all occur in which phase of the human sexual response? - resolution phase - orgasmic phase - plateau phase - excitement phase

Resolution phase

29. Which of the following contributes clotting enzymes to the semen? - bulbourethral gland - seminal vesicle - prostate gland - epididymis

Seminal vesicle

9. Which blood vessels directly supply the stratum basalis? - spiral arterioles - straight arterioles - ovarian arteries - uterine artery - arcuate artery

Straight arterioles

14. The principle parts of the uterus are:

The fundus which is superior to the uterine tubes. The body which is the central portion. The cervix which opens into the vagina.

1. Which of the following hormones are not-essential to maintaining pregnancy after the 17th week? - relaxin - estrogen - hCG - corticotropin-releasing hormone

hCG

24. GnRH stimulates the release of all of the following hormones except - follicle-stimulating hormone. - luteinizing hormone. - testosterone. - none of these.

Testosterone

6. Which of the phases of the human sexual response is the shortest? - excitement - plateau - orgasm - resolution

Orgasm

After ovulation, the corpus luteum releases _____ to prepare the endometrium for implantation. - LH. - FSH. - progesterone and estrogen. - All of these.

Progesterone and Estrogen.

11. Which of the following statements is correct? - The mons pubis is an elevation of adipose tissue covered by skin and hair that cushions the pubic symphysis. - The labia majora are homologous to the scrotum. - The labia minora are homologous to the spongy urethra and contain a large number of sebaceous glands. - The clitoris is capable of enlargement upon tactile stimulation and plays a role in sexual excitement in the female. - All of these statements are correct.

All of the statements are correct

20. A surge of LH causes - transformation of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum. - the release of the secondary oocyte. - a decline in estrogen production. - all of these.

All of these

26. Testosterone and DHT together can - nurture sperm cell development. - regulate development of prenatal male characteristics. - regulate development of adult male sexual characteristics. - all of these.

All of these

27. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? - Location of the scrotum and contraction of muscle fibers regulate the testis temperature. - Normal sperm production requires a temperature 2 to 3 degrees C above body core temperature. - Proper temperature is maintained within the scrotum because it is outside the pelvic cavity. - The dartos and cremaster muscles contract in response to cold temperatures forcing the testes closer to the body reducing heat loss. - The dartos and cremaster muscles relax when exposed to warmth.

Normal sperm production requires a temperature 2 to 3 degrees C above body core temperature.

21. The increase of GnRH causes all of the following except - the release of follicle-stimulating hormone. - the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone. - the release of luteinizing hormone. - None of these.

The release of corticotropin-releasing hormone.

30. Which of the following statements is correct? - Seminal vesicles lie posterior to the base of the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum. - Seminal vesicles produce an alkaline fluid containing fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins. - The prostate surrounds the prostatic urethra and secretes a slightly acidic fluid containing citric acid and enzymes. - The bulbourethral glands secrete an alkaline fluid into the urethra that protects sperm by neutralizing acids in urine. - All of these statements are correct.

All of these statements are correct

28. The duct of each seminal vesicle fuses with the - ejaculatory duct - ampulla of the vas deferens - the ducts of the prostate and bulbourethral glands - urethra - epididymis

Ampulla of the vas deferens

18. Which of the following structures of the vulva is homologous to the scrotum? - mons pubis - labia majora - labia minora - clitoris - vestibule

Labia majora

7. Erection of the penis in the male or swelling of the labia and secretion of lubricating fluid in the female occur in which phase of human sexual response? - plateau phase - orgasmic phase - excitement phase - resolution phase

Excitement phase

23. In hot weather, the testes are protected from the heat by - movement to the outside of the pelvic cavity. - relaxation of the dartos muscle, contraction of the cremaster muscle, and movement to the outside of the pelvic cavity are all correct. - relaxation of the dartos muscle. - relaxation of the dartos muscle and contraction of the cremaster muscle are both correct. - contraction of the cremaster muscle.

Relaxation of the dartos muscle.

17. Milk takes the following course from the alveoli to the nipple: - secondary tubules, mammary ducts, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts - mammary ducts, secondary tubules, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts - lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts, mammary ducts, secondary tubules - lactiferous ducts, mammary ducts, secondary tubules, lactiferous sinuses - secondary tubules, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts, mammary ducts

Secondary tubules, mammary ducts, lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts

Which of the following correctly traces a sperm from its formation to ejaculation? (Note: not all structures are listed) - straight tubules, rete testes, seminiferous tubules, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct - straight tubules, rete testes, epididymis, seminiferous tubules, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct - seminiferous tubules, straight tubules, rete testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct - seminiferous tubules, rete testes, epididymis, straight tubules, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct - seminiferous tubules, rete testes, straight tubules, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct

Seminiferous tubules, straight tubules, rete testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct

3. The physiological term for naturally occurring premature discharge of the embryo/fetus, commonly called miscarriage, is - ablation - induced abortion - embryonic termination - spontaneous abortion

Spontaneous abortion

2. Corticotropin-releasing hormone - increases protein synthesis. - stimulates the release of ACTH to stimulate fetal lung development. - increases the use of fatty acids for ATP production. - All of these

Stimulates the release of ACTH to stimulate fetal lung development.

15. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? - The ovarian cortex consists of ovarian follicles in various stages of development surrounded by dense irregular connective tissue, and stromal cells. - The medulla of the ovary contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves. - The cells surrounding the ovarian follicles nourish the developing oocyte and secrete estrogen as the follicle grows. - The Graafian follicle is a mature follicle that is ready to rupture and release a primary oocyte. - The corpus luteum forms from the remains of the follicle after ovulation.

The Graafian follicle is a mature follicle that is ready to rupture and release a primary oocyte.

13. Which of the following statements is/are INCORRECT? - The broad ligaments are attached to the uterus on either side of the pelvic cavity. - The uterosacral ligaments lie on either side of the rectum and connect the uterus to the sacrum. - The cardinal ligaments extend from pelvic wall to the uterine tubes. - The round ligaments extend from the uterus to the labium majora.

The cardinal ligaments extend from pelvic wall to the uterine tubes.

12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? - The perimetrium is composed of simple squamous epithelium and areolar tissue. - The myometrium consists of three layers of smooth muscle. - The endometrium consists of the stratum basalis which is sloughed off during menstruation and the stratum functionalis which is permanent and gives rise to the basalis.

The endometrium consists of the stratum basalis which is sloughed off during menstruation and the stratum functionalis which is permanent and gives rise to the basalis.