Anatomy Ch. 9 - Articulations

Compared with that of the shoulder, the articular capsule of the hip joint is

dense

A freely movable joint is a

diarthrosis

A synovial joint is an example of a

diarthrosis

All of the following movements can occur across the intervertebral joints of the vertebral column except

dorsiflexion

On a patient who is two days post-op, you suspect a possibility of a thrombosis as evidence by pain during which type of movement?

dorsiflexion

A suture is an example of a

synarthrosis

An immovable joint is a

synarthrosis

A ligamentous connection such as that between the bones of the lower leg is termed a

syndesmosis

A joint formed by the fusion of two bones is a

synostosis

The elbow joint is extremely stable because

the articular capsule is extremely thick

The structures that assist the bursae in reducing friction between the patella and other tissues are

the fat pads

Complete dislocation of the knee is an extremely rare event because

the knee contains seven major ligaments

The stronger and more stable a joint is

the less mobility it has

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is

the shoulder joint

The movement that is exemplified by a ballerina pointing her toes is

plantar flexion

The back of the knee joint is reinforced by

popliteal ligaments

Figure 9-2, which structure acts as a cushion and consists of fibrocartilage?

4

Which of the following ligaments is not associated with the hip joint?

cruciate ligament

All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints except

rolling joints

Figure 9-1, label 3

saddle

The joint between the carpus and metacarpus I of the thumb is an example of a

saddle joint

The ligaments that limit the anterior-posterior movement of the femur and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles are the

cruciate ligaments

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

shoulder

The surface of articular cartilage is

smooth and slick

The opposite movement of pronation is

supination

The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the

patellar ligament

Which of the following occurs when articular cartilage is damaged?

Friction in the joint increases, the exposed surface changes to a rough feltwork, the matrix begins to break down, normal synovial joint function is unable to continue

Figure 9-2, identify the structure labeled 2.

Joint capsule

All of the following statements are true, except:

The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint.

Spreading your fingers apart is a form of

abduction

In the knee joint, the medial and lateral menisci

act as cushions and conform to the shape of the articulating surface

A movement toward the midline of the body is called

adduction

A slightly movable joint is an

amphiarthrosis

Bursae may be located in all but which of the following areas?

around blood vessels

Triaxial joints are known as

ball-and-socket joints

Which of the following athletes are at greatest risk of developing a rotator cuff injury?

baseball pitcher and quarterback

Figure 9-2, label 1

bursa

Degenerative changes in a joint can be the result of all of the following, except

bursitis

Figure 9-1, label 2

condyloid

Figure 9-1, label 5

condyloid

Which ligament spans the gap between the coracoid process and the acromion?

coracoacromial

Which of the following ligaments assist in stabilization of the shoulder joint?

coracoacromial and coracoclavicular

Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food?

elevation

The radiocarpal joint is an

ellipsoidal joint

Joints that connect the fingers and toes with the metacarpal bones and metatarsal bones, respectively, are

ellipsoidal joints

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as

eversion

The lateral surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the

fibular collateral ligaments

The normal movement of the hip joint during walking involves

flexion

Nodding your head up and down is an example of

flexion and extension

Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the ulnar tuberosity results in

flexion of the forearm

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

foot

The shoulder joint is mostly stabilised by

glenohumeral ligaments

Figure 9-1, label 4

gliding

Which of the following types of joints are found between the carpals?

gliding

The intercarpal articulations are

gliding joints

The joints between vertebrae are examples of

gliding joints

A __________ is a synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets in the maxillary bone and the mandible.

gomphosis

Dense connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a

gomphosis

The elbow joint is an example of a ____ joint.

hinge

Figure 9-1, label 1

hinge joint

The tibiotalar joint is an example of a

hinge joint

The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the

humeroulnar joint

Figure 9-2, what type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled 3?

hyaline cartilage

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

hyperextension

Intervertebral discs are found in which of the following locations?

in all of the thoracic vertebrae

What is not a function of synovial fluid?

increases osmotic pressure within joint

Which of the following types of joints is monaxial, but capable of only rotation?

pivot

After playing tennis, Eve notices that her shoulder is sore and later in the day finds that not only is there pain when she moves her arm, but her range of motion is also limited. These symptoms are consistent with

inflammation of the subscapular bursa

Luxations are painful due to stimulation of pain receptors in all locations, except

inside the joint cavity

Moving the head downward toward the chest flexes the

intervertebral joints

____ ligaments function in association with synovial joints to help prevent extreme movements that might otherwise damage the joint.

intracapsular

Figure 9-2, identify the structure labeled 5.

intracapsular ligament

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole inward is called

inversion

Which of the following is not characteristic of articular cartilage?

it secretes synovial fluid

The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to reinforce the

joint capsule

Due to the inflexibility of our skeleton, movements can only occur in

joints, articulations

The joints that are subjected to the greatest forces would be found in the

legs

Since joints in the legs are subjected to greater forces, they are generally

less stable than arm joints

Which of the following is not a function of the intervertebral discs?

lubricate the joint

The most common athletic knee injuries involve the

menisci

The structures responsible for channeling the flow of synovial fluid are the

menisci

A herniated disc is caused by protrusion of the

nucleus pulposus

Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the

olecranon process

In a monaxial articulation movement can occur in

only one axis

The special movement of the thumb that allows it to grasp an object and hold onto it is

opposition