Anatomy Final Review
Why is ATP categorized as a nucleic acid?
ATP is a modified nucleotide with three phosphate groups, ribose, and adenine
If the sequence of nitrogenous bases in one strand of DNA is GTA-GCA, the sequence of bases on its complementary DNA strand would be ________
CAT-CGT
Which of the letters in the ABCD rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect?
D stands for diagnosis
The movement of substance through the cell membrane against their concentration gradient is a type of ______process
active
__________ tissue is commonly called fat
adipose
The building blocks of all matter are known as _______
atoms
The building blocks of proteins are _______
atoms
The armpit area is called the ________ region
axillary
The presence of chondrocytes indicates that a tissue is ________
cartilage
Which type of connective tissue is avascular?
cartilage
Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?
chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organism level
The type of tissue consisting of cells embedded in an extracellular matrix ________ tissue
connective
The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum _________
corneum
The only dry membrane is the _________
cutaneous membrane
In cell division, the term that refers to division of the cytoplasm is _______
cytokinesis
Cellular material located outside the nucleus yet inside the plasma membrane is the ________
cytoplasm
The growth of cells and repair of worn-out tissues is accomplished by _______
decomposition reactions
Jacinda tore her Achilles tendon during a recent track meet. She has injured ________
dense connective tissue
A nucleotide of DNA contain three components: _________, __________, and __________
deoxyribose; a phosphate group; nitrogen-containing base
The vertebral region is ______ to the sternal region
dorsal (posterior)
The component of a control system that provides the mean for the control center's response (output) is called the _______
effector
The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ______ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts
exocrine
Intercalated discs found in cardiac muscle tissue are _______
gap junctions
The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as ______
homeostasis
Which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction?
increased temperature
What type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another?
ionic bond
Which of the following is a vital function of the skin?
it converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D
Hair color is due to a pigment known as ______
melanin
_________ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body
metabolism
Which of these characteristics best describes cardiac muscle tissue?
movement is involuntary and cells possess striations
A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body is a (n) __________
organ
Bone is best described as ________
osseous tissue
Which of the following tissues is constructed of many collagen fibers?
scar tissue
In attempting to extinguish a stove fire, Renaldo burned his hands. The burned areas blistered and were red and painful. Renaldo experienced ________- degree burns
second
The type of burn that involves injury to the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis and is red, blistered, and painful is termed as a ______- degree burn
second
The pleura and pericardium are examples of _______ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior
serous
The type of epithelial tissue found lining organs of the digestive system such as the small intestines is _________
simple columnar
A tissue constructed of a single layer of flattened cells is known as _______
simple squamous epithelium
_______ muscle tissue has no visible striations and has spindle-shaped cells
smooth
The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in walls of blood vessels is ________
smooth muscle
The net effect of the effector is to shut off the original _________, or reduce its intensity, during the negative feedback mechanism to restore homeostasis
stimulus
Which of the following is the correct order of elements in a control center?
stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, effector, response
The femoral region is _______ to the cural region
superior (proximal)
The _______ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints
synovial
Which of the following is a connective tissue membrane?
synovial membrane
What occurs when acid is added to a solution with a pH of 7
the pH drops below 7
The complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is ________
thymine
The two steps of protein synthesis, in the correct order are, are ________ and _________
transcription; translation
The atom's outermost shell is known as its _______ shell
valence
The layer of the serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ________ layer
visceral
