Anatomy Test Chapter 7 (Nervous System)

which of the nerve plexuses serves the shoulder and arm?

brachial

Central nervous system refers to the:

brain and spinal cord

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the:

brain stem

Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the:

cerebellum

Which of the following brain dysfunctions is also known as a stroke?

cerebrovascular accident

The sympathetic and the parasympathetic are divisions of the:

autonomic nervous system

The Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around the:

axon

The cerebrospinal fluid is continually formed by the:

choroid plexuses

The role of the interneuron is to:

connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathways

Characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system:

decrease in heart rate

Neuron processes that receive incoming stimuli are called:

dendrites

Outermost to innermost layers of the meninges:

dura mater, arachnoid layer, pia mater

Muscles and glands are:

effectors

Bipolar neurons are commonly:

found in ganglia

A stroke in the primary motor area has caused Don to lose control over his skeletal muscles on the right side of his body. What lobe of his brain was damaged?

frontal lobe

Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS are called:

ganglia

The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as:

gyri

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the:

hypothalamus

The pituitary gland is most closely associated with the:

hypothalamus

Two major functional properties of the neuron are:

irritability and conductivity

An action potential is caused by an influx of these ions into the cell:

magnesium

The vital centers for the control of the visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the:

medulla oblongata

The blood- brain barrier is effective against the passage of:

metabolic waste such as urea

Neurons with several processes branching off the cell body, such as motor neurons and internuerons, are structurally classified as:

multipolar

Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that are:

myelinated

The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called?

neurotransmitter

What forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

oligodendrocytes

"Fight or flight" deals with the:

parasympathetic division

The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially the opposite of the:

parasympathetic nervous system

During the resting state, a neuron is:

polarized with sodium ions outside of the cell and potassium ions inside the cell

After an action potential is propagated, what ion rapidly diffuses out of the cell into the tissue fluid?

potassium

What is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc?

receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector

The diffusion of potassium ions out of a neuron causes it to experience?

repolarization

Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are:

sensory

What effector is not controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

skeletal muscle

The function of the olfactory nerve concerns:

smell

Which type of reflex arc involves skeletal muscles?

somatic

The shallow grooves of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as:

sulci

The gap between two communicating neurons is termed:

synaptic cleft

The part of the brain that deals with the ability to speak is the:

Broca's area