AP EURO MIDTERM
The events surrounding the letter eventually resulted in the A. Glorious Revolution B. English Civil War C. Anglo-Dutch Wars D. Seven Years' War
A. Glorious Revolution
What was one corrupt practice of the Catholic Church exacerbated by a powerful papacy? A. Simony B. The support of the nobility raising taxes on the peasantry C. The refusal to print the Bible in the vernacular of the people D. The education of nuns in convents
A. Simony
What event likely influenced Luther's stance on the Peasant Revolt? A. The Edict of Worms B. The Council of Trent C. The Peace of Augsburg D. The Colloquy of Marburg
A. The Edict of Worms
Which of the following events is the most similar to the revolt described in the passage? A. The Jacqueline B. The Battle of Orleans C. The Battle of Poitiers D. War of Burgundian Field
A. The Jacqueline
The poem above reflects what about spanish society and culture at the time? A. The literature of the time was influenced by a sense of nationalism and pride in the Catholic faith B. Authors of the time rejected the use of grandiose descriptions and tributes to great kings C. The focus of literature and the arts was primarily secular during this period D. The literature of the time focused primarily on personal relationships
A. The literature of the time was influenced by a sense of nationalism and pride in the Catholic faith
The development of the printing press like that shown in the above image led most directly to which of the following in 15th century Europe? A. The spread and influence of humanist thought B. A decline in the literacy rate C. The growth of traditional ecclesiastical teachings D. A rise in the founding of new universities
A. The spread and influence of humanist thought
Henry IV's primary purpose in passing the Edict of Nantes was A. To strengthen political power of France B. To recognize legitimacy of all Protestant religions C. To recognize Calvinism as France's state religion D. To establish religious unity in France
A. To strengthen political power of France
What other act passed by Elizabeth I echoed the sentiments conveyed in the document? A. Star Chamber B. 6 Articles C. Riesling Act D. 39 Articles
D. 39 Articles
Ideas such as those referenced in the excerpt resulted in ______. A. The subordination of the nation-states to the papacy B. The unification of the Holy Roman Empire C. Complete freedom of religion throughout Europe D. A new concept of the state as a secular entity
D. A new concept of the state as a secular entity
What does Pope Boniface VIII see as the right relationship between the Church and secular power? A. That the pope should be subordinate to a King's power B. That power should be balanced between the Church and the State C. That the church and the state should be ruled separately D. That the pope's authority is supreme in all realms
D. That the pope's authority is supreme in all realms
The eventual response of the Roman Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation included all of the following EXCEPT A. The convening of the Council of Trent B. The founding of new religious orders active in internal reform C. The establishment of the Society of Jesus D. The abolition of the Index of Prohibited Books
D. The abolition of the Index of Prohibited Books
Scotland rebelled in 1640 due to the following action taken by Charles I and Archbishop William Laud: -x -Imposing the Anglican Book of Common Prayer on the Scots -x -x
Imposing the Anglican Book of Common Prayer on the Scots
Which of the following evidence regarding frances does azpilcueta use to support his argument? -x -x - In france where less money is available goods and labor are given for less money -x
In france where less money is available goods and labor are given for less money
The versailles palace in the background of the stamp served to do what? -x -It was built as a pleasure prison to control the nobility by requiring their attendance there annually OR it was a state building constructed to glorify france and build the pride of the french people (both acceptable) -x -x
It was built as a pleasure prison to control the nobility by requiring their attendance there annually OR it was a state building constructed to glorify france and build the pride of the french people (both acceptable)
Which of the following would have most likely agreed with the sentiments expressed in the first source and disagreed with those in the second -x -x - John Locke -x
John Locke
"No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violence death: and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." Which of the following philosophers rejected the view described in the above excerpt and formulated the theory of natural rights? -x -Locke -x -x
Locke
The activities shown in image 2 were most likely directly a result of which of the following developments in france? -Louis' expansion of monarchical administrative and financial control over france -x -x -x
Louis' expansion of monarchical administrative and financial control over france
Which of the following most contributed to the downfall of the Polish kingdom in the mid to late 1600s? -x -x -x -The government's inability to enact change or new laws without a unanimous vote.
The government's inability to enact change or new laws without a unanimous vote.
Which of the following is the best explanation of the popular nickname for louis xiv as alluded to in the stamp above? -x -x -x - "The sun king" because all of europe revolved around louis xiv
"The sun king" because all of europe revolved around louis xiv
In the 17th century, with regard to the political, religious, and economic liberties, England was most similar to A. The Netherlands B. France C. Spain D. The Holy Roman Empire
A. The Netherlands
Which of the following documents represented a direct reaction to the message of the excerpt above? A. Peace of Augsburg B. Bill of Rights C. Treaty of Westphalia D. Edict of Fontainebleau
B. Bill of Rights
Predestination relates to which religious denomination or sect A. Protestantism B. Calvinism C. Lutheranism D. Anabaptism
B. Calvinism
The excerpt is most representative of the intellectual traditions of: A. Feudalism B. Christian Humanism C. Civic Humanism D. Anabaptists
B. Christian Humanism
Humanism in the Renaissance combined secular and various catholic and pagan themes; one major example of this is: A. Nepotism B. Neoplatonism C. Civic humanism D. Christian humanism
B. Neoplatonism
Which of the following is a reflection of the same principles behind Henry IV's decision to pass the edict of nantes? A. Edict of Restitution B. Peace of Augsburg C. Expulsion from the Jews in Spain in 1492 D. Act of Supremacy
B. Peace of Augsburg
Which of the following best describes the content of the excerpt? A. Mazarin was worried that the peace talks would result in terms unfavorable to France B. Mazarin is worried that the internal revolt may cost France C. Mazarin argued that although the war had been won, rebellious nobles continued to cause problems
C. Mazarin argued that although the war had been won, rebellious nobles continued to cause problems
Which of the following was representative of the danger of Anabaptists to secular rulers? A. Menmo Simons and the creation of the Mennonite movement B. The view of memorialism C. Munster Rebellion D. Equality between men and women
C. Munster Rebellion
The instability of the 14th century was the result of the: A. Weakening of feudalism in Europe B. Increasing financial pressures on European rulers C. Demographic turmoil caused by the Black Death D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which element of Renaissance intellectual thought is associated with More A. Christian humanism B. Civic humanism C. A revival of classical philosophy D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The excerpt provides evidence to support the argument that, in the 17th century, absolute monarchs... A. were unable to concentrate authority in centralized state governments, resulting in the establishment of semi-autonomous principalities. B. willingly pursued a sharing of executive and legislative power with traditional instruments of regional government C. Were influenced by Enlightenment ideas to enact policies in their kingdoms that benefited people of all social classes. D. Limited the nobility's participation in governance while maintaining a semblance of support for their traditional legal privileges.
D. Limited the nobility's participation in governance while maintaining a semblance of support for their traditional legal privileges.
Which of the following was not one of the measures that the french monarchy used over the next few years to address the issue mazarin raises? - Disbanding the parliaments who disagreed with royal edicts OR refusing to call the estates general (both acceptable) -x -x -x
Disbanding the parliaments who disagreed with royal edicts OR refusing to call the estates general (both acceptable)
What is the formal name of the edict which revokes the edict of nantes? -x -x -x - Edict of Fontainebleau
Edict of Fontainebleau
In keeping with his absolute rule, louis xiv cemented his religious policy of "One king, One Law, One Faith" with the -x -x -edict of fontainebleau, which revoked the edict of nantes -x
edict of fontainebleau, which revoked the edict of nantes
An important accomplishment of the Treaty of Utrecht (1713-1714) was - it helped restore the balance of power on the continent -x -x -x
it helped restore the balance of power on the continent
Prussia's rulers founded their power on all of the following elements except -x -x -parliamentary independence -x
parliamentary independence
The activities of peter the great shown in image 1 were most directly influenced by -x -peters efforts to westernize russia -x -x
peters efforts to westernize russia
The collapse of this eastern European city acted as a catalyst for the Italian Renaissance A. Constantinople B. Athens C. Geneva D. Rome
A. Constantinople
Who led a successful revolt against Christian II of Denmark and established himself as king of Sweden? A. Gustavus Vasa B. Frederick I C. Christian III D. Maragaret I
A. Gustavus Vasa
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to to argue with the practices describe in the excerpt? A. Henry VIII B. Anabaptists C. John Calvin D. Desiderius Erasmus
A. Henry VIII
Which of the following was NOT an abuse of the Catholic Church that Calvin and other religious leaders criticized? A. Papal wealth B. Pluralism C. Nepotism D. Indulgences
A. Papal wealth
The letter above was intended for A. Louis XIV of France B. William III of Orange C. Frederick II of Prussia D. George I of Hanover
B. William III of Orange
Of all the sacraments, ___________ was considered the most debated theological issue during the Reformation. A. Marriage B. Confession C. Eucharist D. Baptism
C. Eucharist
By the year 1600, which of the following were strongholds of Protestantism? A. Austria and France B. Hungary and Northern Germany C. Scandinavia and Northern Germany D. Poland and Austria
C. Scandinavia and Northern Germany
On result of the policies outlined in the excerpt was that, during the reign of Louis XIV, France A. Lost its colonies in North America to the English in the Treaty of Paris B. Witnessed the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, which essentially ordered non-Catholics to convert or leave the country C. Gained considerable amounts of territory in England, Spain, and the Holy Roman Empire D. Financed four wars which upset the European balance of power, provoking alliances among other European nations.
D. Financed four wars which upset the European balance of power, provoking alliances among other European nations.
Van Eyck is considered to be one of the most important masters of which of the following Northern Renaissance schools? A. French B. German C. English D. Flemish
D. Flemish
The author of this excerpt would agree with all of the following EXCEPT A. Reforming the Catholic CHurch B. Fighting the Protestants C. Conversion through violence D. Religious pluralism in Europe
D. Religious pluralism in Europe
The speaker of the second quote is most likely: A. Calvin B. Loyola C. Luther D. Zwingli
D. Zwingli
Louis xiv's statement that "liberty is granted to the said person of the rpr" (reformed protestant religion) was meant -x -x - to encourage all protestant subjects to convert to the catholic faith -x
to encourage all protestant subjects to convert to the catholic faith
What is the most significant difference between absolutism and modern totalitarianism? -x -x -x - Absolutist states lacked the total control of their citizens "from cradle to grave"
Absolutist states lacked the total control of their citizens "from cradle to grave"
Which group would be most likely to ARGUE AGAINST the message of the excerpt? A. Lutherans B. Jesuits C. Lollards D. Anabaptists
B. Jesuits
The establishment of Society of Jesus resulted in all of the following EXCEPT: A. Increased persecution of the Jews B. Fighting the Protestants C the abolishment of purgatory and indulgences in the Church D. Religious pluralism in Europe
C the abolishment of purgatory and indulgences in the Church
Thomas More can best be described as an example of A. An orthodox Catholic apologist B. A secular humanist C. An idealistic Christian humanist D. A machiavellian realist
C. An idealistic Christian humanist
This type of cathedral architecture would be characterized as which of the following? A. Romanesque B. Neoclassic C. Gothic D. Baroque
C. Gothic
The passage best illustrates which of the following developments of the Italian Renaissance? A. The political fragmentation of the Italian Peninsula B. The emphasis on secular study of Greek and Roman texts C. The creation of new approaches to the study of religious texts D. The development of vernacular (non-Latin) literature
C. The creation of new approaches to the study of religious texts
Between 1618 and 1648, the Thirty Years' War involved A. primarily nations in southern Europe B. Only the 360 political entities that compromised Germany C. Virtually every major European land D. Only nations south of Denmark
C. Virtually every major European land
The discussion of Adam and Eve's actions is best understood in the context of which of the following developments of the Italian Renaissance? A. The growth of new humanist approaches that emphasized individuality B. The development of new methods of scientific inquiry C. The emphasis on secular models for political behavior D. The concern religious authorities had over their relative prestige
A. The growth of new humanist approaches that emphasized individuality
The excerpt provides evidence to support the argument that A. Louis XIV and his finance minister extended the administrative and financial control of the French state B. French monarchs wired to preserve the traditional privileges of regional political institutions C. French monarchs resisted government regulation of the economy, preferring to allow market forces to dominate. D. An economic rivalry between the French and the Dutch sparked Louis XIV's invasion of the Netherlands in 1672
A. Louis XIV and his finance minister extended the administrative and financial control of the French state
What was the name of the Spanish noble who presided over the Council of Troubles A. Duke of Parma B. Duke of Alba C. Duke of Guise D. Duke of Milan
B. Duke of Alba
The excerpt (In Praise of Folly) above is most similar in purpose to: A. Edict of Nantes B. The Book of Courtier C. 95 theses D. The Prince
C. 95 theses
The intellectual movement of the Renaissance emphasized: A. the rediscovery of classical science and scholarship B. the importance of providing education to all citizens regardless of gender or social class C. the complete rejection of the teachings of the Catholic Church D. the revival of the feudal system
A. the rediscovery of classical science and scholarship
"No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violence death: and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." The author of the excerpt would most likely agree with which of the following forms of government? -absolutism -x -x -x
Absolutism
At the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church _________ A. Agreed to work with the Protestant theologians to come to an acceptable compromise B. Rejected all Protestant stances on the sacraments and communion C. Accepted most Protestant positions, but still rejected clerical marriage D. Decided to wait to formulate a position on most of the issues addressed by Protestants
B. Rejected all Protestant stances on the sacraments and communion
Which of the following states experiences the most significant loss of power from the treaty represented in the above excerpt? A. England B. Spain C. France D. Sweden
B. Spain
The settlement above confirmed which of the following A. Spanish control of the Mediterranean B. State control over internal religious policy C. The dominance of the Holy Roman Empire D. Noble control of state and military institutions
B. State control over internal religious policy
The ability Isabella and Ferdinand were given by the papacy to elect clergy members is a significant example of what development that is seen throughout the Renaissance and subsequent eras? A. The peasantry wanting more access to government B. The diminishing power of the church versus the rising power of new monarchies C. The dominance of the Church D. Art blending the line between Church and State
B. The diminishing power of the church versus the rising power of new monarchies
The excerpt could serve as evidence to SUPPORT the argument that: A. A few states allowed religious pluralism in order to maintain domestic peace B. Religious reform provided justification for challenging the authority of established political leaders C. Catholic abuses led to criticism of the church and reformers began to reinterpret Christian doctrine and practice D. The Catholic Reformation revived the church but cemented the division in Christianty
C. Catholic abuses led to criticism of the church and reformers began to reinterpret Christian doctrine and practice
Vasari's interpretation of the events depicted in the painting would most likely have been shared by which of the following groups in the sixteenth century? A. High clergy in the the Church of England B. The Pragmatic C. The delegates at the Council of Trent D. Christian Humanist
C. The delegates at the Council of Trent
Which of the following states represents the strongest exception to the political ideal articulated in source 2? -x - Poland -x -x
Poland
Which of the following trends of the 17th century do the passages reflect? -x -x -x -The effort by monarchs to centralize administration and opposition this created.
The effort by monarchs to centralize administration and opposition this created
Which of the following actions was a contributing factor to the Parliament's passing of the Triennial Act in 1640? A. King Charles I's decision to rule without Parliament B. King James I's implementation of the Book of Common Prayer C. The execution of Charles I D. The death of Elizabeth I
A. King Charles I's decision to rule without Parliament
Which of the following best describes the cause of Sweden's involvement in the 30 Years War? A. The Lutheran Swedes support the Protestant princes of Germany against the Catholic Hapsburgs B. The swedish king supported the Hapsburg attempt to establish control over the Holy Roman Empire because Gustavus Adolphus was a Hapsburg C. The swedes were paid to intervene on the Protestant side by England's Charles I D. Adolphus admired Martin Luther was attending to rescue him from capture by Catholic forces
A. The Lutheran Swedes support the Protestant princes of Germany against the Catholic Hapsburgs
The excerpt is most illustrative of the ideas associated with _______. A. Mercantilism B. Christian humanism C. Civic humanism D. Mannerism
C. Civic humanism
The event pictured above is representative fo the theocratic impulses A. Catherine de Medici B. Pope Alexander VI C. John Calvin D. Oliver Cromwell
C. John Calvin
With which of the following statements would be the speaker of the the above quote AGREE A. Free will does not exists since God is all-knowing B. Communion is a miracle involving literal body and blood of Christ C. Only so many people can be saved and enter the Kingdom of Heaven D. Communion is a miracle involving the body and blood of Christ with the elements
D. Communion is a miracle involving the body and blood of Christ with the elements
Which was a result of the Thirty Years' War? A. The french lost all influence over German affairs B. The Hapsburg reign ended in AUstria C. Germany replaced Austria as the predominant power in Central Europe D. Germanic areas were economically devastated and its population decimated
D. Germanic areas were economically devastated and its population decimated
Which of the following religious policies aligns most closely with the passage above (Edict of Nantes)? -x -Ferdinand and isabella's decision to expel the jewish population in 1492 -x -x
Ferdinand and isabella's decision to expel the jewish population in 1492
What was the name of the group of boyars Peter the Great saw as a threat to his rule and were executed upon his return home from his Grand Embassy in 1698? -Streltsy -x -x -x
Streltsy
Which of the following evidence regarding Spain does azpilcueta use to support his argument? -The cost of good increased as a result of the influx of gold and silver from the indies -x -x -x
The cost of good increased as a result of the influx of gold and silver from the indies
The cartoon above most likely relates to what? -The tax burden on the third estate -x -x -x
The tax burden on the third estate
Which best summarizes the ways Gustavus Adolphus was a significant innovator, according to the historian cited in the selection? A. Rather than using mercenaries, the Swedish king was uniquely able to convince mene to join the army out of patriotic motivation B. Adolphus adopted new flexible tactics and improved training to take advantage of new technologies such as hand-held firearms and mobile artillery C. The king bridges religious differences and formed secular alliances between Protestants and catholics D. The tactics of Gustavus Adolphus signaled the end of medieval warfare because he was the first to use cannon to assault castle walls
B. Adolphus adopted new flexible tactics and improved training to take advantage of new technologies such as hand-held firearms and mobile artillery
The image above serves as evidence to support the argument that in the 16th century, A. Population shifts and growing commerce caused the expansion of cities B. City governments had taken on the task of regularly public morality C. Accusations of witchcraft reflected folk ideas and social upheaval D. Landlords' attempts to restrict the traditional rights of peasants led to revolt
B. City governments had taken on the task of regularly public morality
This event marked the decline of the Italian Renaissance A. Coronation of Charles V as the Holy Roman Emperor in 1530 B. The sack of Rome in 1527 C. A distinct break from the Middle Ages and the true birth of the modern world D. A continuation of the culture of the High Middle Ages
B. The sack of Rome in 1527
Which new artistic technique seen in this piece is accredited to van Eyck? A. Chiaroscuro B. The use of oil paint C. Portraying individual emotions for each character in a work which alludes to evolving humanist thought D. Painting strictly non-secular themes and figures
B. The use of oil paint
Which group would most likely object to this papal bull? A. monks in charge of education future priests B. monarchs trying to consolidate power in their kingdoms C. nobles seeking financing for new cathedrals in their lands D. bishops hopeful for a future position as a cardinal
B. monarchs trying to consolidate power in their kingdoms
An offshoot of the High Renaissance, Mannerist art was characterized by: A. Formality, balance, and restraint B. Emphasis on decorative design C. Distorted human figures and unusual lighting D. Extravagant use of bright colors and abstract design
C. Distorted human figures and unusual lighting
Which of the following provisions was not included in the pacification of Ghent? A. Restore religious tolerance B. Removal of Spanish mercenaries C. Dutch independence from Spain D. Dutch provinces ruled locally by William of Orange
C. Dutch independence from Spain
The peasant revolt was caused by all of the following EXCEPT A. Economic distress of the German peasants B. Luther's idea that all men are equal in the eyes of God C. Encouragement by the Catholic Church for the peasants to rebel against the protestant nobles D. The loss of hunting and fishing rights that had been taken by the nobles
C. Encouragement by the Catholic Church for the peasants to rebel against the protestant nobles
By the mid 17th century, the Stuart monarchs' expression of attitudes similar to those revealed in the excerpt resulted in the A. War of Austrian Succession B. Partition of poland C. English Civil War D.Seven Years' War
C. English Civil War
The excerpt provides evidence to SUPPORT the argument that ______. A. 16th century monarchs were earnestly pious and concerned with personal salvation B. 16th century monarchs abandoned all pretenses of religious conformity C. Europeans had begun to look at secular models for political behavior D. Throughout the Renaissance period, the state remained subordinate to the church
C. Europeans had begun to look at secular models for political behavior
In what German city did Martin Luther and Johann Eck debate about the selling of indulgences and other issues Luther had surrounding the Church? A. Marburg B. Augsburg C. Worms D. Leipzig
D. Leipzig
In the early 16th century, arguments such as the one presented in the excerpt above resulted in: A. The eradication of groups of mendicant monks such as the Frachescians B. Efforts to teach ordinary people Latin so they could understand sermons C. The excommunication of the majority of catholic priests and monks D. The creation of new Christian denominations
D. The creation of new Christian denominations
Which of the following was a direct long-term effect of the development depicted in the image? A. The resurgence of the Catholic church B. Socio-economic conflicts between peasants and aristocrats C. An increase in witchcraft accusations D. The establishment of protestantism
D. The establishment of protestantism
The passage (Mazarin) is consistent with which trend in europe at the time? -x -x -x - The development of absolute monarchy
The development of absolute monarchy
Which French monarchs saw the Edict of Nantes as an obstacle towards establishing an absolute monarchy A. Louis XII B. Louis XIV C. Louis XV D. Louis XVI
B. Louis XIV
Which of the following was Louis XIV's greatest weakness as a ruler? -He spent over two thirds of his reign at war and much of it was fruitless -x -x -x
He spent over two thirds of his reign at war and much of it was fruitless
The passage above could best be characterized as a monarch's attempt to: A. Assuage religious differences in order to increase power B. Assuage political differences in order to increase power C. Use religious tolerance in order to increase power D. Deny religious freedom in order to increase power
A. Assuage religious differences in order to increase power
All of the following caused the situation above EXCEPT: A. Rivalry between England and France over colonies B. Competition among nation-states for territory and power C. Efforts by the hapsburg to restore Catholic army D. Pursuit of commercial dominance in the Baltic.
A. Rivalry between England and France over colonies
The political divisions indicated by the map represent which of the following trends? A. Europe was dominated by small kingdoms and city-states B. European political divisions were trending toward monarchical consolidation C. Europe remained divided among economic lines D. Europe was unified under the rule of the catholic church
B. European political divisions were trending toward monarchical consolidation
Which artistic movement was replaced by Baroque art, especially within the Church? A. Renaissance B. Mannerism C. Rococo D. Dutch Impressionism
B. Mannerism
Which of the following best describes the long term results of the Spanish Armada? A. Spain's victory wa views as justification for continuing to spread Catholicism abroad and in Europe B. In the wake of the justification of Protestantism and proud that they could defend themselves against the powerful monarchies of mainland Europe. England would begin to rise to power. C. Though England was victorious, Spain remained the premier naval power and more on ground invasions as a result of the failed Spanish attack.
B. In the wake of the justification of Protestantism and proud that they could defend themselves against the powerful monarchies of mainland Europe. England would begin to rise to power.
What does the "L" stand for in Calvinism's ideology of TULIP? A. Love thy neighbor B. Lighting the Way C. Limited Depravity D. Limited Atonement
D. Limited Atonement
The printing press encouraged the growth of vernacular (non-Latin) literature. Which of the following best explains the long-term effect this development had on Europe? A. It encouraged the adoption of a single literary language across most of Europe B. It encouraged the development of distinct national cultures in Europe based on shared languages C. It discouraged the efforts of religious reformers across Europe D. It discouraged the spread of secular education across Europe
B. It encouraged the development of distinct national cultures in Europe based on shared languages
The excerpt shows the intellectual influence of A. Capitalism B. Mercantilism C.The Enlightenment D. The Scientific Revolution
B. Mercantilism
Which of the following historical occurrences most likely led to the revolt references in the passage? A. The War of Roses B. The Hundred Years' War C. The revival of Catholicism under Mary Tudor D. The Battle of Bosworth Field
B. The Hundred Years' War
Peasant revolts of this time period reflected what long-term social change occurred in Western Europe? A. The restructuring of the royal tax systems B. The decline of serfdom C. The move toward separation of Church and state D. the increasing prestige of the nobility
B. The decline of serfdom
The shaded areas on the map above represent which of the following? A. Dynastic lands of the Hapsburgs in the sixteenth century B. Participants in the Thirty Years War in the seventeenth century C. Protestant regions in the sixteenth century D. The lands controlled by the Pope in the fifteenth century
A. Dynastic lands of the Hapsburgs in the sixteenth century
Which if the following documents served as a direct reaction to the practices described in the excerpt? A. Edict of Nantes B. The Peace of Augsburg C. 95 Theses D. The Prince
C. 95 Theses
Participants in the Northern Renaissance such as Erasmus, different from participants in the Italian Renaissance in which of the following ways? A. They focused more on emulating Greek and Roman political traditions B. They focused more on painting and architecture that followed classical styles C. They focused more on humanism as a mechanism for religious reform D. They focused more on commissioning artworks to enhance their prestige
C. They focused more on humanism as a mechanism for religious reform
Petrarch's Letter to Livy reflects which of the following major developments in Europe during the 15th century? A. revival of trade B. revival of religious reform C. revival of classical writing D. revival of centralized government
C. revival of classical writing
Which of the following contributed most to the spread of Renaissance ideas throughout Europe? A. the reducing power of feudal lords B. the increased social mobility of the lower classes C. the invention of the printing press D. the weakening of the catholic church
C. the invention of the printing press
The Triennial Act is a reflection of the A. Constitutional monarchy of England B. Symbiotic relationship the Parliament and the King C.Power struggles between the monarchy and aristocracy D. The absolute power possessed by the King of England
C.Power struggles between the monarchy and aristocracy
What is the most likely reason Northern Renaissance artists like Bruegel chose a theme of common people rather than classical themes? A. Their primary market was the growing middle and merchant classes B. The burgeoning market economy of this region led to a new kind of middle class humanism that emphasized the value of ordinary people C. Middle class buyers tend to prefer themes that represent their lives and values D. All of the above
D. All of the above
In the Thirty Years War, Cardinal Richelieu sided: A. With the Holy Roman Empire because he was a Catholic clergyman B. With no one; he kept France neutral C. Allied with the mercenary armies of Albrecht von Wallenstein D. with the Protestant side; against the Austrian Habsburgs
D. with the Protestant side; against the Austrian Habsburgs
The Act of Settlement of 1701 brought which dynasty onto the throne in England? -Hanover -x -x -x
Hanover
Which of the following was a major difference between Western and Eastern Absolutism? - The nobles had more power in comparison to the ruler in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe -x -x -x
The nobles had more power in comparison to the ruler in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe
Incidents such as the one depicted in Vasari's painting contributed most directly to which of the following? A. The exacerbation of conflicts between Valois monarchy and various noble factions B. The establishment of royal absolutism under Louis XIII and Louis XIV C. The entry of France in the Thirty Years' War in the side of the Protestants D. The intensification of the grievances of the Third estate against the nobility and the clergy
A. The exacerbation of conflicts between Valois monarchy and various noble factions
Which of the following religions started around the same time as Calvinism was destroyed for supporting adult baptism and pacificism? A. Huguenot Movement B. Lutherans C. Presbyterianism D. Anabaptism
D. Anabaptism
The presence of the aristocracy in both of the images most directly reflects a continuation of which of the following processes? -x -x -x -The preservation of the nobility's social status despite the absolutist authority of monarchs
The preservation of the nobility's social status despite the absolutist authority of monarchs
Which of the following was most directly intended to resolve the conflict illustrated in Vasari's painting? A. Edict of Nantes B. The Pragmatic Sanction C. 39 Articles D. The Prince
A. Edict of Nantes
According to Jacob Burckhardt, the Renaissance in Italy represented A. A period of moral decline B. The greatest period of economic recovery in the history of civilization C. A distinct break from the Middle Ages and the true birth of the modern world D. A continuation of the culture of the High Middle Ages
C. A distinct break from the Middle Ages and the true birth of the modern world
All of the following could be described as motivations behind the peasant revolt referenced in the passage except: A. A response to the longstanding economic and political grievances in the countryside B. The frustration with heightened taxes as a result of long lasting warfare C. A response to the popular rhetoric of new denominations of Christianity D. Resentment of the privileges and demands of the nobility and the Church
C. A response to the popular rhetoric of new denominations of Christianity
Upon his arrival in England, the recipient of the letter A. Negotiated several important treaties between England and Holland, bolstering the mercantilist economic system. B. Was defeated by Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army in the Battle of Marston Moor, and was then exiled in France C. Signed the English Bill of Rights, ensuing that future English monarchs would always respect the traditional rights of Parliament D. And his troops engaged in heated combat with James II's troops in the Battle of Culloden, resulting in the Restoration of the Stuart Dynasty.
C. Signed the English Bill of Rights, ensuing that future English monarchs would always respect the traditional rights of Parliament
What major point were both artists making in using the old testament story of David and Goliath as the theme of their artwork? A. Both statues represent the youthfulness of the Renaissance intellectual and artistic movements that dominated southern Europe in the 15th century B. They both were responses to the growing challenges to the authority of the Papacy by religious reformers C. The young David represents the independent city-state of Florence standing against tyranny and/or the stronger state that threatened it on all of its borders D. Both works of art were commissioned by the Sforza family to display their power over the city of Florence
C. The young David represents the independent city-state of Florence standing against tyranny and/or the stronger state that threatened it on all of its borders
Michelangelo's work reflects which of the following developments in art made during the Italian Renaissance A. Art reflected a reverence for the clergy B. Artists remained in the lower classes as a result of their craft C. Art was created for the private pleasure of the artist D. Art reflected a new emphasis on naturalism and symmetry
D. Art reflected a new emphasis on naturalism and symmetry
Which of the following is true about the rulers of both Austria and Prussia during the seventeenth century? -x -x -They maintained permanent standing armies -x
They maintained permanent standing armies
This speech is considered a classic example of Renaissance humanism for which of the following reasons? A. it argues that God is irrelevant and that man has evolved without divine aid B. It declares the ability of humans to control their destiny and develop themselves by learning C. It uses linguistic analysis and refers to Greco-Roman scholarship to critique the views of the Catholic Church D. It argues that humans are no different than beasts
B. It declares the ability of humans to control their destiny and develop themselves by learning
The building of such Cathedrals reflected what about European society at the time? A. Feudal lords invested in structures that would benefit town guilds B. Architects were heavily influenced but he structures of Ancient Greece and Rome C. The magnitude of architecture was heavily restricted during the medieval period D. Grand domestic architecture was reserved primarily for the Catholic Church
D. Grand domestic architecture was reserved primarily for the Catholic Church
Which of the following evidence does azpilcueta give in his second point for money changing in value? -x -x -x -Money as a form of merchandise increases in value as supply decreases and demand increases
Money as a form of merchandise increases in value as supply decreases and demand increases
The petition of right stated which of the following? -x -No quartering in civilian's homes -x -x
No quartering in civilian's homes
A historian might use data such as those in the table to attempt to determine actually literacy rates in Spain in the period 1500-1700. All of the following statements are factually accurate. Which would LEAST limit the value of the data in the tables as a means of determining literacy rates? A. The data in the tables cover a period of about 120 years (1540-1661) B. The defendants in cases brought by the Spanish Inquisition were not representative samples of the Spanish population at the time. C. The compilers of the data in the table defined literacy as the ability to sign one's name to a document D. The percentages in the table were based on a very small number of cases
A. The data in the tables cover a period of about 120 years (1540-1661)
Though they considered themselves Catholic, Italian humanists like Mirandola challenged traditional medieval Christian thinking in all the following ways except A. They rejected the Christian conception of God in 3 aspects B. they downplayed the sinful side of man and sovereignty of God by arguing that humans could change their own destinies by learning and intellect C. They gave great weight to Roman And Greek writers instead of sticking to Christian writings D. They were increasingly willing to criticize the authority of the Church hierarchy using reason and scholarship
A. They rejected the Christian conception of God in 3 aspects
Based on the above quote which of the following can most accurately be said of More? A. He was an idealist who work was foundational for later communist theory B. He was unqualified proponent of the emerging market economy C. He was actively involved in the establishment of the English mercantilist economy D. He forcefully defended the privileges of the aristocracy
A. He was an idealist who work was foundational for later communist theory
As portrayed in this piece, how does Bruegel work break with artistic trends of the Renaissance? A. His themes are centered on the everyday life of the peasantry rather than the Church or nobility B. He focused solely on Christian themes C. He uses linear perspective unlike many other artists of the time period D. Bruegel uses tempera to allow himself more time to work on pieces
A. His themes are centered on the everyday life of the peasantry rather than the Church or nobility
The excerpt above could be used as evidence to support the argument that: A. Protestant reformers and religious radicals criticized Catholic abuse and established new interpretations of christian doctrine and practice B. A few European nations, such as France, allowed religious pluralism in order to maintain domestic peace C. 16th century Europeancs overwhelmingly supported the clerical pursuit of secular agendas D. Monastics and clergymen in 16th century Europe equate piety with academic pursuits.
A. Protestant reformers and religious radicals criticized Catholic abuse and established new interpretations of christian doctrine and practice
An analysis of the structure above BEST Supports which of the following concerning the Catholic Church as patrons of the arts? A. Such large and elaborate structures were a visible sign of the grandeur and power of the Church and were a visible sign of the grandeur and power of the Church and were symbolic of the Counter Reformation B. The papacy felt the architecture complexities of the Baroque style would support their claims that the church was not completely against the "new science" of the 16th century C. The above structure showed the papacy was more powerful then the Renaissance princes D. The papacy wanted to emphasize the complexities of Catholic beliefs
A. Such large and elaborate structures were a visible sign of the grandeur and power of the Church and were a visible sign of the grandeur and power of the Church and were symbolic of the Counter Reformation
Which of the following is one of the short-term effects of Pre-Renaissance and Renaissance authors like Petrarch? A. The emergence of the classical humanism movement B. The dramatic increase in literacy as a result of the printing press C. A renewal of trade between the Hanseatic League and Florentine traders D. The rise of the social reform movement of the reformation
A. The emergence of the classical humanism movement
Which of the following quotes from the passage above BEST reflects Elisabeth's desire to gain support from English Catholics? A. "Wheras you would frighten us by telling who Emperors...have owned the Bishop of Rome's authority" B. "As our Father being drawn away from the supremacy of Rome by Schismatical and heretical councils and advisors..." C. "We gan you, therfore, warning, that for the future, we hear no more of this kind, lest you provoke us to execute those penalties...." D. "Was it not you and such like adviserse that...stirred up our sister against us and other of her subjects?"
B. "As our Father being drawn away from the supremacy of Rome by Schismatical and heretical councils and advisors..."
"The Pope has neither the will nor the power to remit any penalties except this which he has imposed by his own authority or by that of the canons." This quote can best be attributed to whom? A. Zwingli B. Erasmus C. Luther D. Erasmus
C. Luther
Which of the following expresses how the situation above represented a turning point in European politics and diplomacy A. Commercial and professional groups solidified their control of the state B. Atlantic states were able to focus on the expansion of American empires C. With aid of the Jesuits, the papacy reestablished its diplomatic influence D. Religion ceased to be a major source of conflict among European states
D. Religion ceased to be a major source of conflict among European states
Erasmus' critique of the clergy was most clearly influenced by which of the following historical developments at the time he wrote In Praise of Folly? A. The continued focus of universities on religious inquiry B. The spread of cheap printed materials as a result of the development of Gutenburg's printing press C. the revival of interest in secular models for political and individual behaviors D. The humanist challenge to the institutional power of the Catholic Church
D. The humanist challenge to the institutional power of the Catholic Church
Which of the following was not a reflection in these sculptures of the basic principles of Renaissance humanism? A. Both statues were freestanding and positions in the contra posts pose B. They glorified the beauty of the human body and the glory of the individual human being C. Both statues were portrayed as heroic figures in the primes of their youth D. These secular sculptures were a rejection of basic christian beliefs
D. These secular sculptures were a rejection of basic christian beliefs
All of the following led Spain to send the Spanish Armada to attack England EXCEPT: A. Queen Elizabeth I supporting the Spanish Netherlands in their attempt at achieving independence B. England's secret financing of ships sent to steal from Spanish ships and ports C. The return of England to Anglicanism under Elizabeth I's reign D. the english invasion of the northern spanish coast
D. the english invasion of the northern spanish coast
"No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violence death: and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." The above excerpt quotes which of the following philosophers? -x -x -x -Hobbes
Hobbes