AP Human Geography Chapter 12 Test

In the United States educational services account for about _________ of jobs. A. 10% B. 2% C. 1% D. 35% E. 25%

A. 10%

In the United States about __________ of all jobs are in consumer services. A. 50% B. 10% C. 5% D. 75% E. 25%

A. 50%

A firm that sells its products primarily to consumers outside it's settlement is a: A. Basic industry B. Functional classification C. Nonbasic industry D. Primate city E. Consumer service

A. Basic industry

One of the most important basic activities in the southern great lakes region is: A. Manufacturing of durable goods B. Manufacturing of textiles C. Entertainment and recreation facilities D. Government and education E. High technology services

A. Manufacturing of durable goods

Urbanization can be analyzed by looking at the increase in the _______ of people living in cities. A. Number and percentage B. Number and homogeneity C. Percentage and density D. Density and heterogeneity E. Size and density

A. Number and percentage

The most significant impact that Great Britain's enclosure movement made on the rural landscape was to: A. Produce more of a diapered rural settlement pattern B. Reinforce the traditional clustered rural settlement pattern C. Discourage urbanization D. Increase the rural population E. Improve transportation

A. Produce more of a diapered rural settlement pattern

Richard Florida's research identified a relationship between the distribution of: A. Talent and diversity B. Central places C. Talent and economic prosperity D. Rural and urban settlements E. Business and consumer services

A. Talent and diversity

Residents of rural settlements are more likely than residents of urban settlements to work in: A. agriculture B. manufactoring C. services D. education E. cities

A. agriculture

The attraction of the outsourced "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by: A. bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries B. low wages, bank secrecy laws, and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries C. the wide use of English and the large number of working students in the Cayman Islands D. the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries and the hiding of prostitution and capital crimes E. corporate greed and the hiding of unethical and illegal behaviors, including prostitution

A. bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries

The attraction of the outsourced "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by: A. bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries B. low wages, bank secrecy laws, and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries C. the wise use of English and the large number of working students D. Indian students' ability to work at night and geographic situational factors E. low wages and desperate conditions

A. bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries

Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of: A. economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors B. economic, service, industrial, and infrastructure factors C. central place theory and gravity models D. hinterland models E. political and infrastructure factors

A. economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors

Consumer services include: A. educational, retail, wholesale, social, leisure, and hospitality jobs B. educational, retail, wholesale, professional, and financial service jobs C. educational, retail, wholesale, and financial service jobs D. health and social, professional, and financial service jobs E. wholesale, social, leisure, and information service jobs

A. educational, retail, wholesale, social, leisure, and hospitality jobs

The potential use of a service at a location is related directly to population and inversely to distance in the: A. gravity model B. population model C. distance decay D. gravitational model E. threshold model

A. gravity model

The area surrounding a service from which customers are attached is the: A. hinterland B. range C. threshold D. median E. meridian

A. hinterland

The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by: A. low wages and the wide use of English B. low wages and geographic situational factors C. the wide use of English and the large number of working students D. Indian students' ability to work at night and geographic situational factors E. low wages and desperate conditions

A. low wages and the wide use of English

A ___________ is an example of a settlement that specializes in public services. A. state capital B. hospital C. large casino complex D. shopping mall E. retirement community

A. state capital

Two major benefits many LDCs offer in terms of global financial services are: A. tax breaks and privacy B. command and control centers and low wages C. dependent centers and tax breaks D. command and control centers and dependent centers E. privacy and low wages

A. tax breaks and privacy

What technical development has allowed back-office functions to relocate to LDCs? A. telecommunications B. standard time zones C. improved public health services in tropical countries D. financial market reforms E. effective trademark enforcement

A. telecommunications

World cities are defined by: A. the number and type of business services found there B. their total population C. their location relative to other cities D. the number of museums, monuments, and universities they offer E. their total population in relation to major capital cities

A. the number and type of business services found there

Which of the following is NOT primarily a consumer service? A. transportation services B. retail and wholesale services C. education services D. health services E. hospitality services

A. transportation services

Periodic markets are likely to feature: A. vendors who move from town to town B. prices that change on a seasonal schedule C. large sales after the holiday season D. a daily offering of business services throughout the year E. consumers good that change periodically in the central business district

A. vendors who move from town to town

Clustered rural settlement were most common in which region of the colonial America: A. middle Atlantic B. New England C. Southeast D. Coastal margins E. West

B. New England

Attracting a new basic industry is important to a community, primarily because it: A. Changes the community's functional classification B. Stimulates new nonbasic industries C. Disrupts the central place hierarchy D. Changes the nations rank-size distribution of settlements E. Replaces obsolete industry

B. Stimulates new nonbasic industries

Which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the industurial revolution in Europe? A. Urbanization ultimately promoted in industrial revolution B. The industrial revolution ultimately promoted urbanization C. Urbanization preceded the industrial revolution by thousands of years D. Urbanization proceeded the industrial revolution by hundreds of years E. Urbanization and industrial revolution are largely unrelated

B. The industrial revolution ultimately promoted urbanization

The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is: A. a circle B. a hexagon C. a square D. a pentagon E. an octagon

B. a hexagon

The city-state is an example of: A. an easy form of rural settlement B. a state dominated by its major city C. a functional region D. a local government of the Roman Empire E. diffuse political functions

B. a state dominated by its major city

A primate city is: A. a city with political, economic, and cultural functions B. at least twice as large as the next smaller city C. the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese D. a rapidly growing city E. the center of gravity for a hinterland

B. at least twice as large as the next smaller city

A central place is a: A. hinterland B. market center C. range of a good D. rank-size distribution E. hexagonal settlement

B. market center

Typical medieval European urban settlements were characterized by the: A. dispersal of palaces, churches, and other important buildings throughout the town B. placement of buildings around a central market square C. demolition of ancient walls surrounding the town D. provision of parks and open space surrounding important churches E. brand avenues in residential districts

B. placement of buildings around a central market square

The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is: A. hinterland B. range C. threshold D. median E. meridian

B. range

If a country follows the rank-size rule, if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants, how any people live in the fifth largest city? A. 50,000 B. 100,000 C. 200,000 D. 500,000 E. 5, 000,000

C. 200,000

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Athens was the ________ would still overlooks the city. A. Pyramid B. Great Pyramid C. Parthenon D. Cathedral E. Ziggurat

C. Parthenon

Because of its centrality in an ancient communications network we still have the "All roads lead to ______." A. Paris B. Athens C. Rome D. Genoa E. London

C. Rome

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Ur was the stepped temple called the ________ which was built about 4000 years ago. A. Pyramid B. Great Pyramid C. Ziggurat D. Cathedral E. Parthenon

C. Ziggurat

The gravity model predicts that the optimal location of a service is: A. directly related to the number of people and services in the area and inversely related to the lengths of highways and railways that access it B. directly related to the range in the area and inversely related to the hinterland C. directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it D. directly related to the median of people in the area and inversely related to the meridian of people who travel to access it E. directly related to the distance people must travel and inversely related to the number of people in the area.

C. directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it

Central Place Theory predicts larger settlements are: A. more numerous and closer together B. more numerous and father apart C. less numerous and farther apart D. less numerous and closer together E. more numerous

C. less numerous and farther apart

If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, the country follows what distribution? A. central place B. economic base C. primate city D. rank-size E. equidistant

C. primate city

The fall of the Roman Empire in the firth century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements? A. development of city-states B. rapid urbanization C. reduction in urban population D. revival of urban life E. increased trade

C. reduction in urban population

The minimum number of people needed to support a service is called the: A. hinterland B. range C. threshold D. median E. meridian

C. threshold

Most people in the world live in what type of settlement? A. clustered rural B. dispersed rural C. urban settlement D. agricultural E. primordial

C. urban settlement

The French long lot system was developed primarily because of: A. Collective land ownership B. Common grazing land C. Inheritance laws D. Need for access to a river E. Long distance between farms

D. Need for access to a river

Which of the following is most likely a basis economic activity? A. Video rental store B. Grocery store C. Gas station D. Steel mill E. Travel agency

D. Steel mill

Back-office functions are also called: A. business-process offshore banking B. market threshold outsourcing C. command and control centering D. business-process outsourcing E. tax advantage outsourcing

D. business-process outsourcing

A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement? A. urban B. linear rural C. dispersed rural D. clustered rural E. primordial

D. clustered rural

The most significant anticipated benefit of the enclosure movement was to: A. destroy traditntal village life B. promote agricultural efficiency C. replace abandoned villages with new farmsteads D. discourage urbanization E. create an aristocracy

D. discourage urbanization

What factors determine where back office services will locate in LDCs? A. political stability and cultural diversity B. market threshold and service range C. military training and proximity to command and control centers D. low wage rates and workers who can speak English E. tax advantages and bank secrecy laws

D. low wage rates and workers who can speak English

In a linear community, we can deduce that the best location for a service is the: A. hinterland B. range C. threshold D. median E. meridian

D. median

The hierarchical listing of settlements by size is known as the: A. primate city B. economic base C. gravity model D. rank-size rule E. nesting of settlements

D. rank-size rule

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that... A. the people you know socially are probably the same ones you see at work B. the people are more alike than in rural settlements C. people compete for limited space D. there are many different kinds of people in cites E. people play a specialized role in the urban economy

D. there are many different kinds of people in cites

Urban residents are generally more tolerant of _______ then are the resident of rural communities, but residents of urban settlements often feel that they are surrounded by people who are indifferent and reserved. A. Discrimination B. Political insiders C. Tax shelters D. Uniform social behavior E. Diverse social behavior

E. Diverse social behavior

Which of the following is considered to be a hearth of urban settlement? A. Rome B. North Africa C. Southern Africa D. Australia E. Mesopotamia

E. Mesopotamia

Heterogeneity is more a characteristic of: A. Suburban and rural communities B. Ancient urban centers than modern urban centers C. Manufacturing centers and rural populations D. Rural and urban centers E. Urban centers than rural communities

E. Urban centers than rural communities

LDCs specialize in what two types of global business services? A. management consulting and staff training B. regional command and control centers C. biotechnology and medical research D. entertainment and recreation E. offshore financial and back office

E. offshore financial and back officeTWO

TRUE OR FALSE According to Louis Wirth, cities differ from rural areas in being larger, more dense, and more socially homogeneous

False

TRUE OR FALSE Cities grew rapidly Europe immediately after the collapse of the Roman Empire

False

TRUE OR FALSE In recent decades the tertiary sector in Western Europe has declined

False

TRUE OR FALSE In recent decades, growth in the employment in the United States has come form the primary and secondary sectors, while the tertiary sector has declined

False

TRUE OR FALSE People who live in rural settlements are more likely to engage in secondary sector economic activities

False

TRUE OR FALSE Rapid urbanization continues today in the more developed countries

False

TRUE OR FALSE The threshold of a service is the maximum distance that most of the customers are willing to travel

False

TRUE OR FALSE Transportation and communication improvements have served to reduce the need for the clustering of services in world cities

False

TRUE OR FALSE When determining the market threshold, there is no need to determine what is being sold

False

TRUE OR FALSE Most inhabitants of developing countries live in urban areas

Fasle

TRUE OR FALSE A community's economic structure depends initially on its basic industries

True

TRUE OR FALSE According to the rank-size rule, if the largest city in a country contains 1,000,000 inhabitants, the fifth largest city should contain 200,000 inhabitants

True

TRUE OR FALSE Although people had lived in the eastern Mediterranean for tens of thousands of years, urban settlements were first established there about 2500 B.C.

True

TRUE OR FALSE Among he oldest well-documented urban settlements is Ur in Mesopotamia

True

TRUE OR FALSE As recently as 1800, only 3% of Earth's population lived in urban settlements

True

TRUE OR FALSE Copenhagen and London are primate cities even thought they are located in more developed countries

True

TRUE OR FALSE Linear settlement patterns were brought to North America by the French

True

TRUE OR FALSE None of the world's five most populous urban areas is located in Europe

True

TRUE OR FALSE People had established villages and other rural settlements in many parts of the world many thousands of years before the beginning of recorded history around 5,000 years ago

True

TRUE OR FALSE Settlements hold nearly all the Earth's population but cover only about 1% of its surface

True

TRUE OR FALSE Several cities in China are estimated to have exceeded 1 million inhabitants between 700 and 1800 A.D.

True

TRUE OR FALSE The colonial New England rural settlement pattern was clustered

True

TRUE OR FALSE The frequency of periodic markets varies by culture

True

TRUE OR FALSE The population of the world is roughly split i half between urban and rural settlements

True