ap lit final review

SONNET An antecedent is a word, phrase, or clause that precedes its referent. Referents may include pronouns, nouns, phrases, or clauses. "Their" and "they" (line 8) refer to which of the following?

"every word" (line 7)

RIVER An antecedent is a word, phrase, or clause that precedes its referent. Referents may include pronouns, nouns, phrases, or clauses. In line 8, "He" refers to

"sun" (line 1)

BLOOMFIELD Description, dialogue, and behavior reveal characters to readers. The passage as a whole is best described as which of the following?

A character sketch conveyed through anecdote

BLOOMFIELD The narrator's or speaker's tone toward events or characters in a text influences readers' interpretation of the ideas associated with those things. Unlike the rest of the paragraph, the last sentence of the first paragraph ("No wonder...departure") does which of the following?

Expresses uncomplicated emotions

SONNET A text's structure affects readers' reactions and expectations by presenting the relationships among the ideas of the text via their relative positions and their placement within the text as a whole. Which of the following characterizes the development of the poem as a whole?

The speaker acknowledges a weakness in his writing, only to turn this weakness into a means of affirming his devotion to his beloved.

CHANU Characters' choices--in speech, action, and inaction--reveal what they value. The first sentence of the passage and the words spoken by Chanu in the second paragraph ("I've spent...around") indicate that he

has had priorities other than pleasure for much of his life

BLOOMFIELD Changes and inconsistencies in a narrator's or speaker's perspective may contribute to irony or the complexity of the text. The first sentence of the passage suggests that the narrator's view of Mrs. Bloomfield

has recently changed

CHANU Contrasts often represent conflicts in values related to character, narrator, or speaker perspectives on ideas represented by a text. The interaction between Chanu and his daughters in the sixth paragraph ("He turned...window") serves to

illustrate a contrast between Chanu's two daughters

RIVER An image can be literal or it can be a form of comparison that represents something in a text through associations with the senses. The image of drifting in lines 26-30 ("There...adrift") conveys the

impression of a pause in time

RIVER Shifts may emphasize contrasts between particular segments of the text. In the context of the final stanza, the change from "drifting" (line 47) to "bursting" (line 50) suggests a change in the

intensity of the speaker's distress

CHANU Description, dialogue, and behavior reveal characters to readers. In its characterization of Chanu, the passage conveys the

orderliness underlying his enthusiasm

RIVER Contrasts often represent contradictions or inconsistencies that introduce nuance, ambiguity, or contradiction into a text. As a result, contrasts make texts more complex. The poem as a whole presents a contrast between

time and timelessness

RIVER A text's structure affects readers' reactions and expectations by presenting the relationships among the ideas of the text via their relative positions and their placement within the text as a whole. Which of the following best describes the structure of the poem?

It begins with an evening in the present, examines the significance of a memory, and returns to a somewhat later moment the same evening.

RIVER Personification is a type of comparison that assigns a human trait or quality to a nonhuman object, entity, or idea, thus characterizing that object, entity, or idea. Lines 6-9 ("And yet...stream") suggest which of the following about nature and humanity?

Nature lacks any intention of comforting humanity.

SONNET Closed forms of poetry include predictable patterns in the structure of lines, stanzas, meter, and rhyme, which develop relationships among ideas in the poem. The poem's final two lines do which of the following?

Present a simile that resolves a contradiction described in the preceding lines

SONNET Characters' choices--in speech, action, and inaction--reveal what they value. Line 10 ("And you . . . argument") identifies which of the following about the speaker?

The abiding theme of his personal and literary focus

PARIS Interpretation of a metaphor may depend on the context of its use; that is, what is happening in a text may determine what is transferred in the comparison. Which of the following best paraphrases the meaning of line 16, "not knowing I would be your last home"?

The speaker now provides a figurative home for Nana's memories.

BLOOMFIELD Contrasts often represent contradictions or inconsistencies that introduce nuance, ambiguity, or contradiction into a text. As a result, contrasts make texts more complex. In the fourth sentence of the first paragraph ("Hitherto...untold"), the narrator presents which of the following contrasts regarding Mrs. Bloomfield's qualities?

What the narrator observes of those qualities versus what the narrator is willing to assume.

PARIS A character's perspective may shift during the course of a narrative. The difference between "we will be sisters!" (line 38) and "Come, my sister" (line 48) indicates that

a desire has been fulfilled

RIVER A collection of images, known as imagery, may emphasize ideas in parts of or throughout a text. The final stanza (lines 46-50) is characterized by

a growing resurgence of a powerful emotion

PARIS A narrator's or speaker's perspective may influence the details and amount of detail in a text and may reveal biases, motivations, or understandings. The speaker begins the poem by stating "I come back to your youth, my Nana" (line 1), but the primary transformation sought overall is

a recapturing of a sense of life's possibilities

CHANU Characters reveal their perspectives and biases through the words they use, the details they provide in the text, the organization of their thinking, the decisions they make, and the actions they take. Nazneen's gesture at the end of the fifth paragraph ("She brushed...shoulder") is one of

affection

BLOOMFIELD The attitude of narrators, characters, or speakers toward an idea, character, or situation emerges from their perspective and may be referred to as tone. Throughout the passage, the narrator views Mrs. Bloomfield with

ambivalence

PARIS Readers' interpretations of a text are often affected by a character changing--or not--and the meaning conveyed by such changes or lack thereof. The speaker's claim in lines 50-51 ("our lives once more perfected / and unused") suggests that the speaker and Nana have achieved

an escape from their later selves

SONNET The attitude of narrators, characters, or speakers toward an idea, character, or situation emerges from their perspective and may be referred to as tone. In context, the question in line 5 ("Why write . . . ever the same") conveys the speaker's

apparent self-reproach for using poetic diction he has used before

SONNET Interpretation of a metaphor may depend on the context of its use; that is, what is happening in a text may determine what is transferred in the comparison. In lines 5-8 ("Why write . . . proceed?"), the speaker most clearly implies that his poems

are easily recognizable as his because of their literary features

BLOOMFIELD Character changes can be visible and external, such as changes to health or wealth, or can be internal, psychological or emotional changes; external changes can lead to internal changes, and vice versa. The fifth sentence of the first paragraph ("Kindness...of it") indicates that the narrator has recently

become receptive to the appearance of affection

PARIS Narrators may function as characters in the narrative who directly address readers and either recall events or describe them as they occur. The fourth stanza (lines 37-51) makes particular use of

direct address

BLOOMFIELD Descriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs, not only qualify or modify the things they describe but also convey a perspective toward those things. By "luckily, or unluckily," the narrator implies in the first sentence of the second paragraph that the comments she overheard have made her

disillusioned but alerted

CHANU Description, dialogue, and behavior reveal characters to readers. The description in the middle of the first paragraph ("Chanu bought...head") implies that Chanu

does not normally wear such items

PARIS The syntactical arrangement of phrases and clauses in a sentence can emphasize details or ideas and convey a narrator's or speaker's tone. In lines 30-31 ("my husband...hot baths"), the primary effect of using a list is to

emphasize the speaker's detachment from her daily life

PARIS Similes liken two different things to transfer the traits or qualities of one to another. In line 14 ("and learn...lines"), the speaker uses a simile to

evoke a sense of deep passion and commitment

CHANU Perspective is how narrators, characters, or speakers understand their circumstances, and is informed by background, personality traits, biases, and relationships. Shahana's complaints in the third paragraph ("You'll stink...with you") primarily suggest that she

feels embarrassed by her family's ways

SONNET In a metaphor, as in a simile, the thing being compared is the main subject; the thing to which it is being compared is the comparison subject. In line 12, the speaker compares the expression of romantic love to

financial transactions

CHANU When readers consider a character, they should examine how that character interacts with other characters, groups, or forces and what those interactions may indicate about the character. During the exchange between Chanu and the conductor in the fourteenth and fifteenth paragraphs ("Where've you...thirty years"), Chanu most likely assumes that the conductor

incorrectly assumes he is a visiting tourist

CHANU When readers consider a character, they should examine how that character interacts with other characters, groups, or forces and what those interactions may indicate about the character. In the fifth paragraph, the sentence "She had neglected them, these feet" indicates that Nazneen's attitude toward her husband is marked by all of the following EXCEPT

indifference and contempt

BLOOMFIELD The narrators', characters', or speakers' backgrounds and perspectives shape the tone they convey about subjects or events in a text. Toward the end of the second sentence of the passage ("and express...authority"), the manner in which Mrs. Bloomfield conveys her opinion of the children's mother is best described as

indirect

CHANU When readers consider a character, they should examine how that character interacts with other characters, groups, or forces and what those interactions may reveal about the character. Chanu's attempt to converse with the conductor in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth paragraphs ("Can you tell...from a local") indicates his

insistence upon making decisions systematically

BLOOMFIELD Changes and inconsistencies in a narrator's speaker's perspective may contribute to irony or the complexity of the text. The parenthetical statement in the fourth sentence of the first paragraph ("of which...perfections") makes use of

irony

RIVER The way characters behave in or describe their surroundings reveals an attitude about those surroundings and contributes to the development of those characters and readers' interpretations of them. The first stanza (lines 1-5) reveals the speaker's wish that the

light of the sunset would remain longer

RIVER Descriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs, qualify or modify the things they describe and affect readers' interaction with the text. In line 38, "faltered" most directly suggests that the evening seemed to

lose its forward momentum

SONNET The attitude of narrators, characters, or speakers toward an idea, character, or situation emerges from their perspective and may be referred to as tone. The overall tone of the poem is best described as

purposeful and heartfelt

CHANU Character changes can be visible and external, such as changes to health or wealth, or can be internal, psychological or emotional changes; external changes can lead to internal changes, and vice versa. In the first and second paragraphs respectively, Chanu's mood shifts from

purposeful to reflective

PARIS Words with multiple meanings or connotations add nuance or complexity that can contribute to interpretations of a text. The claim that "we are two virgins" (line 49) is meant figuratively to emphasize the speaker's pursuit of

restoration and renewal

SONNET Closed forms of poetry include predictable patterns in the structure of lines, stanzas, meter, and rhyme, which develop relationships among ideas in the poem. The questions in the first eight lines of the poem primarily serve to

set up an assertion about the nature of the poet's love

PARIS A narrator's or speaker's perspective may influence the details and amount of detail in a text and may reveal biases, motivations, or understandings. The speaker's primary motivation in addressing Nana is to

share in Nana's vitality

RIVER Shifts may emphasize contrasts between particular segments of a text. All of the following shifts are introduced in the first four stanzas (lines 1-20) EXCEPT

sickness to health

PARIS An image can be literal or it can be a form of comparison that represents something in a text through associations with the senses. The images of "I too have the sore toe you tend with cotton" (line 19) and "our blue fingers" (line 45) serve primarily to

signify a bond between the speaker and Nana

SONNET An image can be literal or it can be a form of comparison that represents something in a text through associations with the senses. The image presented in line 11 ("So all . . . new") most significantly implies the speaker's

skill in presenting the same thoughts in numerous poems

PARIS Descriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs, qualify or modify the things they describe and affect the readers' interaction with the text. In line 6, the phrase "middle age" describes the

speaker's age in the poem

PARIS Words with multiple meanings or connotations add nuance or complexity that can contribute to interpretations of a text. Line 11 ("I have kept up") is in reference to both

the "miles" (line 8) walked and the "letters" (line 12) read

CHANU Punctuation is often crucial to the understanding of a text. Toward the end of the first paragraph, the quotation marks around the phrase "entertainment factor" imply that

the measurement is largely personal and largely idiosyncratic

BLOOMFIELD A character's perspective may shift during the course of a narrative. The shift between the first and second paragraphs concerns

the narrator's opinion of Mrs. Bloomfield

BLOOMFIELD Descriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs, not only qualify or modify the things they describe but also convey a perspective toward those things. In the final sentence of the passage, the narrator hopes that Mrs. Bloomfield is "rather weak than wicked" because the narrator wants to

think of Mrs. Bloomfield's behavior as unconscious rather than deliberate

RIVER Descriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs, qualify or modify the things they describe and affect readers' interaction with the text. Lines 41-45 ("So all...were naught") indicate that the revelation strikes those who experience it as

transcending feelings, thoughts, and categories