AP Psychology Review
Thalamus
the brain's sensory switchboard
Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?
A decrease in heart rate
Which of the following would most likely result from an injury to the medulla?
A life-threatening disruption of heartbeat and breathing
Amygdala
A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression.
Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?
A loss of motor coordination
Hypothalamus
A neural structure lying below the thalamus; helps govern drives.
Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?
Amygdala
Which of the following correctly pairs subdivisions within the major divisions of the human nervous system?
Autonomic . . sympathetic and parasympathetic
Which of the following parts of the brain is most active in decision-making?
Cerebral cortex
Which of the following allows the examination of living brain tissue visually without performing surgery?
Computerized axial tomography
A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?
Difficulty with speech production
Which of the following is reduced during a fight-or-flight reaction?
Digestion
Which of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?
Dopamine
Which of the following areas of the body has the largest number of sensory neurons?
Foot
Pons
Hindbrain structure involved in respiration, movement, waking, sleep, and dreaming
Which of the following is true of the reticular activating system?
It regulates levels of arousal.
Juana accidentally touched a hot iron. She immediately drew back her hand. Which of the following is true about the withdrawal of her hand?
It was initiated in the spinal cord.
Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?
Positron emission tomography (PET)
Partietal Lobe
Receives information about touch, muscle movement and temperature.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the neural chain of events set in motion by an environmental stimulus?
Receptors, afferent neurons, interneurons, efferent neurons, effectors
What hormone seems to be most closely linked with aggressive behavior?
Testosterone
Hunger and eating are primarily regulated by which of the following?
The hypothalamus
Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?
The movements of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane creates an action potential.
Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?
The terminal buttons
Medulla
a structure in the brain stem responsible for certain automatic functions, such as breathing and heart rate
Cerebellum
a structure in the hind brain involved in controlling coordination and balance and muscle movement
A drug that has the effect of intensifying or mimicking a particular neurotransmitter can be characterized as
an agonist, because it intensifies the effects of a particular neurotransmitter
An individual with damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to have difficulty
comprehending a spoken request for information
Hypothalamus
controls basic drives, like hunger
motor cortex
controls voluntary movements
Treating a patient for Parkinson's disease includes administering a chemical that will lead to increases in the patient's
dopamine
Painkilling substances produced by the brain are known as
endorphins
cerebral cortex
govern higher mental processes
temporal lobe
hearing, language processing, memory
recticular formation
helps screen incoming sensory information and helps control arousal.
The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the
hippocampus
The part of the endocrine system that is responsible for overseeing and regulating the release of hormones across the entire body is the
hypothalamus
limbic system
involved in emotions, drives, and memory
The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the
medulla
Hippocampus
part of the limbic system involved in learning and memory
samatosensory cortex
receives sensory messages
visual cortex
receives written words as visual stimulation
The process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed into the neuron after it fires is called
reuptake
An image projected to the left visual field of a split-brained person will be processed in the
right visual cortex
Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of the
sympathetic nervous system
Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as
the absolute refractory phase
The time shortly after a neuron fires is referred to as
the refractory period
Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a
visual deficit
occiputal lobe
visual processing