APES Chapter 12

Characteristics associated with advantages of aquaculture would include which of the following? 1- High yield in a small volume of water 2- Low use of fossil fuel sources 3- Very little waste output 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 only 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

The layer(s) of soil in which most of the humus and soil organisms are contained: 1- leaf litter 2- topsoil 3- subsoil 1 only 2 only 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

Even with enough calories, chronic malnutrition can lead to: 1- Compromised mental development. 2- Increased susceptibility to nonfatal infectious disease. 3- Stunted growth 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 only 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

IN 1970 global fish catch for a small coastal New England community was 290 tons; in 1990 it was 300 tons. Which of the following values is the closest to the percent increase in fish catch? 3.5 % 10 % 96 % 110 % 203 %

10%

Methane released from meat production practices is a connection between what other major environmental problem? Water pollution Air pollution Human health Biodiversity loss Desertification

Air pollution

Growing crops between rows of trees Hydroponics Intercropping Alley cropping Perennial polyculture Cover crops

Alley cropping

Creates oxygen-demand waste in waterway systems from manure run-off Animal feed lots Aquaculture Plantation farming Genetic engineering of plants Organic farming

Animal feed lots

Destroys mangrove systems and estuaries to provide space needed Animal feed lots Aquaculture Plantation Farming Genetic engineering of plants Organic farming

Aquaculture

All of the following are examples of alternatives to the use of pesticides EXCEPT: Implanting genetic resistance Biological control with natural enemies Confuse insects with pheromones Boomerang effect Scalding

Boomerang effect

Which of the following genetically modified crops and foods may be a benefit to the grower, but increases negative ecological impacts: Need less input of fertilizers than other crops Can grow in slightly salty soils Can create herbicide-resistant weed populations Produce higher yields More resistant to disease and drought

Can create herbicide-resistant weed populations

Which of the following is NOT a health problem associated with over nutrition ? Compromised mental development Lower life expectancy Lowered immune system Increased susceptibility to heart disease Lower productivity

Compromised mental development

A chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide that biomagnifies in the food chain and caused the decline of bird populations as published by Rachel Carson in "Silent Spring." Atrazine Dioxin PCBs DDTs Malthion

DDTs

Growing plants by exposing the roots to nutrients rich water instead of soil Hydroponics Intercropping Alley cropping Perennial Polyculture Cover crops

Hydroponics

Dangerous strains of disease organisms can develop from of which of the following agricultural practice? Using herbicides in mechanized large-scale grain farming Using plant-based insecticidal compounds of vegetable crops Growing crops that are genetically modified for increased yield Increasing the use of legumes into crop rotation protocols Incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely population livestock

Incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely population livestock

Which of the following is NOT associated with the green revolution? Genetically engineered high-yield varieties of key crops World grain production tripled between 1950 and 1985 Increase in the number of crops grown per year on a single plot of land Use of large inputs of fertilizer, pesticides, and water Increase in crop rotation between harvesting

Increase in crop rotation between harvesting

Which of the following is LEAST likely to alleviate desertification problems? Increased use of industrializes high input monoculture Reduce overgrazing of animals used for meat production Utilization of conservation-tillage farming practices Building wind-breaks of shelter belts around crop fields Reduce irrigation needs by water conservation practices

Increased use of industrializes high input monoculture

An ecological control to pests that uses a mix of cultivation, biological, and chemical practices. Integrated pest management Organic farming Pheromone therapy Green revolution agriculture Genetic resistance management

Integrated pest management

After growing a carbohydrate rich grain that uses soil nitrogen immediately growing a nitrogen-fixing plant like a legume to protect and rejuvenate the topsoil Hydroponics Intercropping Alley cropping Perennial polyculture Cover crops

Intercropping

Deficiencies in proteins and other key nutrients is known as: Under nutrition Malnutrition Hunger Starvation Caloric overdraft

Malnutrition

The factor that indicates the GREATEST cause of malnutrition and hunger is: Poverty Location Age Gender Blood pressure

Poverty

In 1996, Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act. Which of the following best describes the intent of this act? The Act was intended to regulate the sale and use of pesticides The Act was intended to assess the heath risks of the active ingredients in pesticides The Act was intended to develop a food pyramid with recommendation for consumption of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates The Act was intended to monitor biomagnifications of pesticides in terrestrial food chains. The Act requires the EPA to reduce the allowable levels of pesticide residue in food when applied to children

The Act requires the EPA to reduce the allowable levels of pesticide residue in food when applied to children

Which statement concerning soil erosion is INCORRECT? Soil erosion is a major environmental concern due to the slow rate of topsoil renew In many areas of the world soil is eroding faster than it can be formed The loss of topsoil increases the soil's ability to store nutrients Erosion of topsoil through surface water runoff creates sediment pollution in rivers and streams The movement of flowing water and wind cause most soil erosion

The loss of topsoil increases the soil's ability to store nutrients

Which of the following is true of farming raised salmon? They are genetically more diverse than their wild counterparts They seldom escape from their containment areas They have no impact on the quality of water in which they are raised They are often infected with parasites and sea lice They are maintained at lower population densities that are wild salmon

They are often infected with parasites and sea lice

Which of the following is the correct listing of the three food sources that provide more than half of the world's caloric intake Wheat , soybeans, potatoes Corn, potatoes, rice Wheat, rice, corn Rice, potatoes, cheese Wheat, rice, potatoes

Wheat, rice, corn

Many of the world's poor only have access to a low-protein, high-carbohydrate, vegetarian diet and suffer from chronic undernutrition famine hunger chronic malnutrition food security

chronic malnutrition

Indoor hydroponics farming has a number of advantages over conventional outdoor growing systems, including all of the following, except crops can be grown under controlled conditions almost anywhere crops require less space and are cheaper seasonal availability is increased because crops are grown year around fertilizer and water use are reduced through recycling there is little or no need for pesticides

crops require less space and are cheaper

Industrialized agriculture requires large inputs of all of the following, except draft animals financial capital commercial inorganic fertilizers water fossil fuels

draft animals

Slash and burn agriculture is a type of high-input agriculture industrialized agriculture monoculture agriculture plantation agriculture traditional subsistence agriculture

traditional subsistence agriculture

Which of the following types of agriculture is most characteristic of developing countries? plantation agriculture monoculture agriculture industrialized agriculture high-input agriculture traditional subsistence agriculture

traditional subsistence agriculture

Which has not caused an increase in global food production? increased use of farm equipment and technology use of organic farming irrigation inorganic fertilizers and pesticides high-yield grain varieties

use of organic farming