APES Chapter 12
Characteristics associated with advantages of aquaculture would include which of the following? 1- High yield in a small volume of water 2- Low use of fossil fuel sources 3- Very little waste output 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 only 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
The layer(s) of soil in which most of the humus and soil organisms are contained: 1- leaf litter 2- topsoil 3- subsoil 1 only 2 only 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
Even with enough calories, chronic malnutrition can lead to: 1- Compromised mental development. 2- Increased susceptibility to nonfatal infectious disease. 3- Stunted growth 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 only 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
IN 1970 global fish catch for a small coastal New England community was 290 tons; in 1990 it was 300 tons. Which of the following values is the closest to the percent increase in fish catch? 3.5 % 10 % 96 % 110 % 203 %
10%
Methane released from meat production practices is a connection between what other major environmental problem? Water pollution Air pollution Human health Biodiversity loss Desertification
Air pollution
Growing crops between rows of trees Hydroponics Intercropping Alley cropping Perennial polyculture Cover crops
Alley cropping
Creates oxygen-demand waste in waterway systems from manure run-off Animal feed lots Aquaculture Plantation farming Genetic engineering of plants Organic farming
Animal feed lots
Destroys mangrove systems and estuaries to provide space needed Animal feed lots Aquaculture Plantation Farming Genetic engineering of plants Organic farming
Aquaculture
All of the following are examples of alternatives to the use of pesticides EXCEPT: Implanting genetic resistance Biological control with natural enemies Confuse insects with pheromones Boomerang effect Scalding
Boomerang effect
Which of the following genetically modified crops and foods may be a benefit to the grower, but increases negative ecological impacts: Need less input of fertilizers than other crops Can grow in slightly salty soils Can create herbicide-resistant weed populations Produce higher yields More resistant to disease and drought
Can create herbicide-resistant weed populations
Which of the following is NOT a health problem associated with over nutrition ? Compromised mental development Lower life expectancy Lowered immune system Increased susceptibility to heart disease Lower productivity
Compromised mental development
A chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide that biomagnifies in the food chain and caused the decline of bird populations as published by Rachel Carson in "Silent Spring." Atrazine Dioxin PCBs DDTs Malthion
DDTs
Growing plants by exposing the roots to nutrients rich water instead of soil Hydroponics Intercropping Alley cropping Perennial Polyculture Cover crops
Hydroponics
Dangerous strains of disease organisms can develop from of which of the following agricultural practice? Using herbicides in mechanized large-scale grain farming Using plant-based insecticidal compounds of vegetable crops Growing crops that are genetically modified for increased yield Increasing the use of legumes into crop rotation protocols Incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely population livestock
Incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely population livestock
Which of the following is NOT associated with the green revolution? Genetically engineered high-yield varieties of key crops World grain production tripled between 1950 and 1985 Increase in the number of crops grown per year on a single plot of land Use of large inputs of fertilizer, pesticides, and water Increase in crop rotation between harvesting
Increase in crop rotation between harvesting
Which of the following is LEAST likely to alleviate desertification problems? Increased use of industrializes high input monoculture Reduce overgrazing of animals used for meat production Utilization of conservation-tillage farming practices Building wind-breaks of shelter belts around crop fields Reduce irrigation needs by water conservation practices
Increased use of industrializes high input monoculture
An ecological control to pests that uses a mix of cultivation, biological, and chemical practices. Integrated pest management Organic farming Pheromone therapy Green revolution agriculture Genetic resistance management
Integrated pest management
After growing a carbohydrate rich grain that uses soil nitrogen immediately growing a nitrogen-fixing plant like a legume to protect and rejuvenate the topsoil Hydroponics Intercropping Alley cropping Perennial polyculture Cover crops
Intercropping
Deficiencies in proteins and other key nutrients is known as: Under nutrition Malnutrition Hunger Starvation Caloric overdraft
Malnutrition
The factor that indicates the GREATEST cause of malnutrition and hunger is: Poverty Location Age Gender Blood pressure
Poverty
In 1996, Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act. Which of the following best describes the intent of this act? The Act was intended to regulate the sale and use of pesticides The Act was intended to assess the heath risks of the active ingredients in pesticides The Act was intended to develop a food pyramid with recommendation for consumption of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates The Act was intended to monitor biomagnifications of pesticides in terrestrial food chains. The Act requires the EPA to reduce the allowable levels of pesticide residue in food when applied to children
The Act requires the EPA to reduce the allowable levels of pesticide residue in food when applied to children
Which statement concerning soil erosion is INCORRECT? Soil erosion is a major environmental concern due to the slow rate of topsoil renew In many areas of the world soil is eroding faster than it can be formed The loss of topsoil increases the soil's ability to store nutrients Erosion of topsoil through surface water runoff creates sediment pollution in rivers and streams The movement of flowing water and wind cause most soil erosion
The loss of topsoil increases the soil's ability to store nutrients
Which of the following is true of farming raised salmon? They are genetically more diverse than their wild counterparts They seldom escape from their containment areas They have no impact on the quality of water in which they are raised They are often infected with parasites and sea lice They are maintained at lower population densities that are wild salmon
They are often infected with parasites and sea lice
Which of the following is the correct listing of the three food sources that provide more than half of the world's caloric intake Wheat , soybeans, potatoes Corn, potatoes, rice Wheat, rice, corn Rice, potatoes, cheese Wheat, rice, potatoes
Wheat, rice, corn
Many of the world's poor only have access to a low-protein, high-carbohydrate, vegetarian diet and suffer from chronic undernutrition famine hunger chronic malnutrition food security
chronic malnutrition
Indoor hydroponics farming has a number of advantages over conventional outdoor growing systems, including all of the following, except crops can be grown under controlled conditions almost anywhere crops require less space and are cheaper seasonal availability is increased because crops are grown year around fertilizer and water use are reduced through recycling there is little or no need for pesticides
crops require less space and are cheaper
Industrialized agriculture requires large inputs of all of the following, except draft animals financial capital commercial inorganic fertilizers water fossil fuels
draft animals
Slash and burn agriculture is a type of high-input agriculture industrialized agriculture monoculture agriculture plantation agriculture traditional subsistence agriculture
traditional subsistence agriculture
Which of the following types of agriculture is most characteristic of developing countries? plantation agriculture monoculture agriculture industrialized agriculture high-input agriculture traditional subsistence agriculture
traditional subsistence agriculture
Which has not caused an increase in global food production? increased use of farm equipment and technology use of organic farming irrigation inorganic fertilizers and pesticides high-yield grain varieties
use of organic farming
