APHY 102 Exam 2 - Heart and Blood Vessels

Which of the following blood pressure readings would be indicative of hypertension?

170/96

Which statement best describes arteries?

All carry blood away from the heart.

Which will NOT occur if blood pressure drops below homeostatic levels?

Baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch will be stimulated.

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion. Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Blood vessels are constricting causing greater peripheral resistance.

Arterial blood supply to heart muscle is continuous whether the heart is in systole or diastole.

False

Arterial pressure in the pulmonary circulation is much higher than in the systemic circulation because of its proximity to the heart.

False

Select the correct statement about the heart valves.

The atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent backflow of blood added into the atria during ventricular contraction.

Which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels?

The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter.

Select the correct statement about the function of myocardial cells.

The entire heart contracts as a unit or it does not contract at all.

Tissues damaged by myocardial infarction are replaced by fibrous connective tissue.

True

Using Figure 18.1, match the following:Sinoatrial (SA) node.

a

Using Figure 18.2, match the following:Atrial depolarization.

a

Using Figure 18.2, match the following:Point that represents atrial repolarization.

a

Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?

a local increase in pH

Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ________.

a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output

Which of the following is NOT part of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart?

atrioventricular (AV) valve

Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance?

blood vessel diameter

Which of the following receive(s) blood during ventricular systole?

both the aorta and pulmonary trunk

sing Figure 18.1, match the following:Atrioventricular (AV) bundle.

c

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.

capillaries

The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to which of the following?

changes in arterial pressure

The source of blood carried to capillaries in the myocardium would be the ________.

coronary arteries

If a person were to have substantial blood loss, you would expect to see all of the following physiological events to happen EXCEPT one. Select the least likely response to substantial blood loss.

decreased heart rate

Using Figure 18.1, match the following:Subendocardial conducting network (Purkinje fibers).

e

Using Figure 18.2, match the following:Ventricular repolarization.

e

Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle ________.

has gap junctions that allow it to act as a functional syncytium

The Frank-Starling Law states that, if other factors are constant, a ________.

higher end diastolic volume will produce a higher stroke volume

Which chambers of the heart contain oxygenated blood?

left atrium and ventricle

What do the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale become at birth?

ligamentum arteriosum; fossa ovalis

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal, for example) are _________.

muscular arteries

If the SA node is not functioning, an ECG will show ________.

no P waves with a HR between 40-60 bpm

Exercise results in skeletal muscles compressing veins which encourages blood to return to the heart. In this scenario, which of the following is correct?

preload increases

Which vessel(s) of the heart receive(s) blood from the right ventricle?

pulmonary trunk

Which is NOT a vessel that brings blood directly into the right atrium?

pulmonary vein

Which of the following contain oxygenated blood?

pulmonary veins

The fact that the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that it ________.

pumps blood against a greater resistance

The receiving chambers of the heart include the ________.

right and left atria

The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is ________.

significant because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

tunica media

Which of the following does NOT contribute to venous blood pressure?

venous anastomoses

The atrioventricular (AV) valves are closed ________.

when the ventricles are in systole

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole. Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

Elastic fibers are extensive in the tunica media of the aorta and dampen the pulse pressure generated by the heart.

Using Figure 18.1, match the following:Atrioventricular (AV) node.

b

Using Figure 18.2, match the following:Ventricular depolarization.

b

Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?

capillaries and venules

Using Figure 18.1, match the following:Bundle branches.

d

If the cardiac output (CO) is 4.8 L/min, and the heart rate (HR) is 80 bpm, what is the stroke volume (SV)?

60 ml

When the mean arterial pressure (MAP) falls below _____________________, blood flow to tissue cells may be compromised.

60mmHg

The patient's blood pressure is 110/50 mm Hg. Calculate the mean arterial pressure (MAP).

70

Given an end diastolic volume (EDV) of 120 ml / beat and an end systolic volume (ESV) of 50 ml / beat, the stroke volume (SV) would be ________.

70 ml / beat