ARC Occupancy

OLF

Occupant load factor- max floor allowance per occupant gross or net

IBC- which occupancies might be assigned to different subclasses depending on # of occupants

Residential and Institutional Not assembly beau based on activity not educational because based on age

combustible materials are not allowed in

Type 1 but allowed in Type 2

educational occupancy

academies, day care, elementary/high school, nursery, preschool, secondary

A way of inc allowable area of building

adding automatic sprinklers

if the actual number of occupants exceed the occupant load

additional exits must be provided

The distance of can affect the allowed size of new building

adjacent building

utility or miscellaneous

ag buildings, carports, mobile homes , sheds , towers, walkways

storage

aircraft hangars, cold, freight, warehouses, frozen food,

Hazardous Occupancy

airport hangars, dry cleaning plants , film storage, gas plants, paint shops , power plants, pumping stations,

Institutional occupancy

alcohol centers, assisted living (residential), group homes, halfway houses, Day care, detox, foster care, hospitals infirmaries, mental hospitals, rehab correctional, jail, prisons, work camps

gross area

all areas within exterior walls

net area

all areas within exterior walls minus ancillary

Business occupancy

animal hospitals, auto service, banks, beauty, car washes, city halls, dentist/doctor, education about 12th, gov offices, labs, offices, police,

Buildings must maintain fire ratings and maintain construction type as defined by building code

at the time it was constructed code

OL for fixed seats

auditorium- count seats, bench- 18" per person booth- 24" per person

Mercantile

bakeries, department stores, drug stores, grocery, markets, rental, retail, shopping centers, supermarkets,

noncombustible material

brick, concrete, steel

Load bearing wall, columns, and shaft enclosures are considered elements by building codes

building elements

Atrium

building lobbied or shopping malls, glass or open, meet fire codes

Choosing struct. and construction

building size/height, intended occupancy class., affordability and sustainability

Passive Fire Protection

built into structure, inherent in material or added as protective material

When designing a restaurant in a jurisdiction that enforces IBC and LSC which three occupancy classifications should be considered?

business mercantile assembly

accessory occupancies

cannot be more than 10%, codes based on larger area, not separated

Pool area

considered A-4 regardless of size of space if there is an area for observation

Interior walls do not affect

construction type

building height and area restricted by

construction type, occupancy class, # of ppl, location, sprinklers, hazards,

Limits building maximum size

construction type, occupancy class., proximity to other buildings

Need to know what to determine if certain occupancy can be located in a specific building

construction type, square footage, sprinklers

Fire retardant materials

delay spread of fire, can be substituted for materials required to be noncombustible eventually contribute to fuel fire

Class as NEW occupancy

designed but not occupied before new edition of code, relocating to another building, moving into new office headquarters

one of the First step in researching codes

determine the occupancy classifications determine occupant load too

The number of occupants receiving care

determines if an assisted living facility is considered an Institutional or Residential Occupancy not TOTAL OCCUPANT LOAD

occupancy classification

developed by codes to address diff hazardous situations or risk factors associated withe act type of use assigned to every building/space, guides research,

High Rise Building

exceeds 75'

Type III

extra walls= noncombustible but allows some combustible materials inside

Factory occupancy

factories, manufacturing plants, mills, processing plants

Active fire protection

fire causes reaction in combat system, detection and extinguish sprinklers or fire alarms

A construction material will not be affected by flame, heat, or hot gases

fire resistant

Chemically treated wood, FRTW, is known as

fire retardant- treated wood

More than one type of construction in a single building each type must be separated by f

fire wall or party wall

The codes divide that type of hazardous occupancies into four main categories:

fire, explosive, physical and health

Wood that is considered fire resistant because of large diameter

heavy timber seen in Type IV

Locations of fire resistance rated walls can affect

how codes apply in buildings with more than one occupancy class.

messanine

intermediate floor level placed between. floor and ceiling of space, diff codes

Type 1

most fire resistive (no wood and Type II)

Accessory Occupancies

most of code requirements are based on primary occupancy, 10 % requirement pertains to whole space not just area of primary

LSC distinguishes between

new and existing occupancies

Fixed seating

not easily moved, continuous without arms, use more permanently

occupant load

number of ppl that are assumed to safely occupy a building or space

New categories

occupancy in space constructed for that reason, occupancy relocated, new addition, changing size or use of building

floor area / OLF =

occupant load

multiple occupancies

only NFPA- sep or non

Age is the

primary determining factor for whether a preschool is considered institutional or Educational over 2.5= educational door with 2.5 or younger= edu otherwise= institutional

If increase the occupancy load of a space so it is higher that what was determined by the load factor you must

provide extra exits and get approval from code official

Factories do not have to have

public accommodation by the Americans with Disabilities act ADA standards only apply if tours are given to public

Type 1 and 2

require same types of materials noncombustible

difference between type 1 and 2 construction

required hourly ratings

Mixed occupancy occupant load determined by

requirements of each occupancy combined together

The various types of hazardous situations that can occur in a building are also often referred to as

risk factors by the codes

mixed occupancies

separated or not

incidental accessory occupancies

small, not considered separate, separation required

Occupant load determined by

specific use of the space not the occupancy classification

Need to determine required occupant load for space

square footage dived by load factor

When measuring building to determine the

the OL, gross square feet refers to building area that includes ALL miscellaneous spaces

two occupancies in same building

the larger= main occupancy smaller occupancy known as accessory ONLY if it is less than 10 % of total area

Type V is

the least restrictive and requires lowest fire rating

Space with multiple uses, occupancy load determined by

the use that indicated the largest concentration of people which use allows largest number of people

More than one type of occupancy in same building must meet most stringent occupancy class if

they are considered non separated mixed occupancies or mixed multiple occupancies

Some occupancy classification with similar risks factors are NOT required

to be separated by a RATED wall. Separated Mixed Occupancy

parapet

top portion of fire wall

actual number

total occupants for which exiting must be provided for, minimum level of safety,

Occupant load needed to determine

total required exit width, max number of people in space, number of plumbing fixtures, means of egret not construction type of building

most combustible construction materials can be

treated to gain some amount of fire resistance

Separated mixed occupancy

two diff occupancies separated by nonrated wall

occupancy class determined by

type of activity, expected number of occupants and risk factors

three items that help to determine the occupancy class, or subclass, of a project

type of activity, type of hazards, number of occupants

Contribute to sustainability of building

use of steel, manage product waste during construction, use local supplier

subcategories of occupancy classes affect

which code requirements apply

iron and steel

will have rapid loss of strength in a fire

risk factors

# of ppl, rest or sleeping, alertness, mobility, familiarity, characteristics of space, spread of fire fuel loads, concentration,

residential

1- boarding houses, hotels, inns, lodging, motels 2- mor epermanent- apartments, dorms, live/work units, monasteries, multiple single family dwelling

assembly

1- movies, concert halls 2- casino, dance, fast food, restraints, bars 3- auditoriums, amusement, churches, funeral homes, gyms, libraries, 4- gym areas 5- bleachers, stadiums

Strictest types of construction

Assembly ( quantity of occupants) and iNstitutional (restricted mobility of occupants)

The occupancies that would be considered Institutional by IBC are designated differently by LSC. Name two corresponding LSC occupancy classifications

Dententional/Correctional (restrained), health care (unrestrained), daycare, or residential board care

Educational Occupancy

High school, elementary and preschool classrooms not college

Mixed occupancy

High security prison, high school, hotel not Restaurant

Accessibility

ICC/ANSI 117.1 ADA-ABA ADAAG, TAS

Residential Occupancy

Monasteries, Halfway House, Hotels not nursing homes