Art 111- Final Study Set

In _____, Congress first funded the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)- Select one: A. 1967 B. 1978 C. 1982 D. 2011

A. 1967

In the 1980s, how was the Louvre Museum expanded by American architect O. M. Pei? A. A central entryway was constructed as an underground visitor's center covered by a contemporary glass pyramid. B. The original medieval wall of the fortress was covered by a new exhibition space. C. A new restaurant complex was constructed in the central court, embraced by the Renaissance and Baroque wings. D. A new wing was constructed with translucent white marble, adding a contemporary structure to complement the Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassical styles of the older wings.

A. A central entryway was constructed as an underground visitor's center covered by a contemporary glass pyramid.

Watercolor painting is such a spontaneous process that many people think of it as A. A tool for sketching. B. Suitable only for student work. C. A temporary form of expression. D. Decorative.

A. A tool for sketching.

In Manuel Neri's sculpture Mujer Pegada Series No. 2, the smooth and rough areas of bronze provide examples of A. Actual texture. B. Visual texture. C. Frottage. D. Geometric textures.

A. Actual texture.

Which is the name of a traditional Japanese wood-firing kiln that was first used in the United States in 1976? A. Anagama B. Ukiyo-e C. Haiku D. Kōfuku

A. Anagama

Marie-Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun's The Duchess of Polignac combines all the compositional tools of A. Baroque art. B. Romantic art. C. Neoclassical art. D. Realist art.

A. Baroque art.

The material most often associated with the process of "casting" is A. Bronze. B. Steel. C. Wood. D. Clay.

A. Bronze.

In Rembrandt van Rijn's The Three Crosses, how did the artist create a darkening landscape as the eye moves away from the crucified Christ? A. By increasing the density of the lines B. By using pure contour lines C. By using impasto D. By using grid lines

A. By increasing the density of the lines

__________ is the fine art of handwriting-it is the chief form of Islamic art. Select one: A. Calligraphy B. Painting C. Drawing D. Pottery

A. Calligraphy

The perceived line that marks the border of an object in space. Select one: A. Contour line B. Outline C. Implied line D. Cornice

A. Contour line

Lines that form the outer edge of a three-dimensional shape and suggest its volume are called A. Contour lines. B. Grid lines. C. Outlines. D. Implied lines.

A. Contour lines.

In Enguerrand Quarton's Coronation of the Virgin, the artist has organized the design of the composition to emphasize the most important part of the composition, which is the A. Crucifix. B. Virgin. C. Crown. D. Landscape.

A. Crucifix

Early Renaissance architect Brunelleschi is best known for A. Developing linear perspective and designing the dome over the huge crossing of Florence Cathedral. B. Introducing complex narrative into painting and indicating a single, fixed light source that increased the overall naturalism of his compositions. C. Reviving sculpture in-the-round and reintroducing the nude figure. D. Designing the nave and façade of Saint Peter's.

A. Developing linear perspective and designing the dome over the huge crossing of Florence Cathedral.

When and where was linear perspective first codified (studied, organized, and written down)? Select one: A. During the Renaissance in Italy B. In the twelfth century in Japan C. In the twentieth century in the United States D. During the Classical period in Greece

A. During the Renaissance in Italy

Although the Post-Impressionist artists were all different in approach, they shared an interest in A. Extending Impressionism's formal innovations. B. A Realist painting style. C. Advancing Impressionism's subject matter. D. A nihilistic viewpoint.

A. Extending Impressionism's formal innovations.

In ______________, the dimensions of the closer extremities are adjusted to make up for the distortion created by the point of view. Select one: A. Foreshortening B. Vanishing point C. Vantage point D. Positive space

A. Foreshortening

____________ is the overall structure of a work of art. Select one: A. Form B. Content C. Symbol D. Realism

A. Form

Lines that are loose and free-form are called A. Gestural lines. B. Outline. C. Drip lines. D. Analytic lines.

A. Gestural lines.

How did David, in the role of painter, take an active role in the French Revolution? A. He idealized a murdered revolutionary as a Christ figure in The Death of Marat. B. He painted a portrait of Louis XIV, King of France. C. He painted a fantasy life in the Bathers. D. He painted a political allegory in The Disembarkation of Marie de' Medici at the Port of Marseilles on November 3, 1600.

A. He idealized a murdered revolutionary as a Christ figure in The Death of Marat.

Frank Gehry has been called a postmodern architect, primarily because A. He purposely creates a sense of discontinuity by employing variety over unity. B. His buildings were created "after modernism." C. He uses architectural elements from different time periods. D. He prioritizes unity over variety.

A. He purposely creates a sense of discontinuity by employing variety over unity.

How does Pablo Picasso's Guernica differ in subject from his earlier Cubist paintings? A. It depicts a historical event, a bombing during the Spanish Civil War. B. It represents a historical event, a burial during the American Civil War. C. It depicts a historical event, a battle during the Korean War. D. It depicts portraits of soldiers during the Vietnam War.

A. It depicts a historical event, a bombing during the Spanish Civil War.

What is the subject matter of Isidro Escamilla's Virgin of Guadalupe? A. It depicts the Virgin Mary at Tepeyac. B. It depicts the Virgin Mary after the crucifixion of Jesus. C. It depicts the Virgin Mary in Nazareth. D. It depicts the Virgin Mary after the ascension of Jesus.

A. It depicts the Virgin Mary at Tepeyac.

How does Georges Seurat's The Bathers differ in compositional structure from the works of the Impressionists? A. It is architectural, imposing a geometric framework that returns to the principles of Poussin. B. It is based on a structure of receding diagonals, returning to the principles of Rubens. C. It is constructed around ornate curves and sensual swirls, recalling Rococo art. D. It represents humans as very small in scale compared to nature, as in Turner's paintings.

A. It is architectural, imposing a geometric framework that returns to the principles of Poussin.

Identify some reasons for the popularity of the Breuer chair. A. It was easily reproduced, and it looked new and modern. B. It blended with older styles so was easily incorporated into people's homes. C. The back could recline, allowing the sitter to lie flat. D. It was padded and upholstered with brightly colored fabric that was cheerful.

A. It was easily reproduced, and it looked new and modern.

A mark left by a moving point, actual or implied, and varying in direction, thickness, and density. Select one: A. Line B. Circle C. Hue D. Intaglio

A. Line

Which of these is an example of Dada art? A. Marcel Duchamp's Fountain B. Georges Braque's Violin and Palette C. Henri Matisse's Woman with a Hat D. Salvador Dali's The Persistence of Memory

A. Marcel Duchamp's Fountain

Any solid that occupies a three-dimensional volume. Select one: A. Mass B. Medium C. Line D. Modeling

A. Mass

Stonehenge in England is an example of what type of monumental stone architecture? A. Megalith B. Colosseum C. Stupa D. Ziggurat

A. Megalith

Sol LeWitt is associated with which art movement? A. Minimalism B. Postmodernism C. Dada D. Cubism

A. Minimalism

Bierstadt's painting is ____________ rather than realistic. Select one: A. Naturalistic B. Nonobjective C. Nonrepresentational D. Abstract

A. Naturalistic

A version of linear perspective in which there is only one vanishing point in the composition. Select one: A. One-point linear perspective B. Two-point linear perspective C. Vanishing point D. Vantage point

A. One-point linear perspective

Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper is based on what specific type of perspective? Select one: A. One-point linear perspective B. Trimetric perspective C. Isometric perspective D. Two-point linear perspective

A. One-point linear perspective

In the Gothic period, when the Cathedral of Notre-Dame was built, architects preferred to use A. Pointed arches. B. Solid wall construction. C. Barrel vaults. D. Domes.

A. Pointed arches.

According to Sayre what are the three steps in the process of "seeing"? Select one: A. Reception, extraction, inference B. Looking, seeing, believing C. Detection, processing, reference D. Reception, interpreting, understanding

A. Reception, extraction, inference

Name the three primary colors- Select one: A. Red, yellow and blue B. Red, yellow and green C. Blue, green and yellow D. Red, orange and green

A. Red, yellow and blue

Classical Greek sculpture can best be described as A. Relaxed poses that sought to depict ideal form. B. Chaotic figurative art that reflected an uneasy time. C. Frontal art that was used as a receptacle for the ka. D. Representing the history of Christianity.

A. Relaxed poses that sought to depict ideal form.

Repetition often implies monotony, yet it also creates a sense of A. Rhythm. B. Scale. C. Imbalance. D. Boring disruption.

A. Rhythm.

Like much of Egyptian art, the statue of King Khafre shows A. Rigorous geometry. B. Skewed proportions and scale. C. Naturalistic tendencies. D. Gods from their pantheon.

A. Rigorous geometry.

In Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks painting by Yin Hong, from the late fifteenth to early sixteenth century, the peacock symbolizes A. The Chinese emperor. B. The non-Chinese invading army. C. The reality inside the mind. D. The dichotomy of the northern and southern schools of Chinese painting.

A. The Chinese emperor.

Art Deco designers were inspired to use geometric forms in part by A. The Cubism of Picasso and Braque. B. The simplicity of Frank Lloyd Wright. C. The principles of Art Nouveau. D. The posters of Jan Toorop.

A. The Cubism of Picasso and Braque.

A particular Japanese ritual encourages the adherent to "leave the concerns of the daily world behind and enter a timeless world of ease, harmony, and mutual respect." Which of these ceramic pieces would be used in such a practice? A. The Raku tea bowl B. The red figure calyx-krater C. The Jar D. The Eagle Has Landed

A. The Raku tea bowl

Egyptian culture was dedicated to providing a home for A. The ka. B. The papyri. C. The stele. D. The family of the pharaoh.

A. The ka.

What cultural conventions did Robert Mapplethorpe challenge in his photographic portrait of female bodybuilder Lisa Lyon? A. The traditional representation of the female nude B. The role of religion in art C. The use of classical models in modern photography D. The belief that line is the most important element in art

A. The traditional representation of the female nude

One of the complex aspects of wood carving that a sculptor must pay attention to is A. The wood's grain. B. The wood's additive qualities. C. The shape of the wood. D. The wood's density.

A. The wood's grain.

How does the subject matter favored by the Impressionists differ from that of their precedents, the Realists? A. They painted scenes of pleasure and fleeting light rather than of social criticism. B. They painted exotic places rather than local landscapes. C. They painted royal portraits rather than scenes of ordinary people. D. They painted ancient mythologies instead of themes of daily life.

A. They painted scenes of pleasure and fleeting light rather than of social criticism.

What was the main intention of Byzantine mosaic artists? A. To create a symbolic, mystical art B. To create naturalistic images C. To glorify political leaders D. To make aesthetically pleasing images

A. To create a symbolic, mystical art

The Zagwe, an East African dynasty who reigned from the early twelfth century to 1270, produced massive churches that A. Were carved into the soft rock of the region. B. Were built with marble slabs. C. Were built with glazed clay bricks. D. Were covered with frescoes and mosaics.

A. Were carved into the soft rock of the region.

How did Gothic architects compensate for the lateral thrust of the cathedrals? A. With flying buttresses B. By staggering systems of lintels C. By filling in walls and windows D. With concrete

A. With flying buttresses

The rendering of images and objects in a stylized or simplified way, so that they remain recognizable but their formal or expressive aspects are emphasized

Abstract

Our sense of the beautiful

Aesthetic

The Cahokia Mound at present-day East St. Louis, Illinois, was the focal point of A. A port. B. A ritual center. C. A school. D. A park.

B. A ritual center.

Where did Picasso draw inspiration for the faces of the female figures on the right side of the composition of Les Demoiselles d'Avignon? A. Renaissance painting B. African ritual masks C. Careful observation of live models D. Classical Greek sculpture

B. African ritual masks

A friend of Claude Monet described his great paintings of Water Lilies, Morning: Willows in the Musée de l'Orangerie as demonstrating A. A dynamic palette. B. Brownian motion. C. Classical beauty. D. Religious symbolism.

B. Brownian motion.

Objects formed out of clay and then hardened by firing are referred to as A. Export porcelain. B. Ceramics. C. Stained glass D. Wedgwood.

B. Ceramics.

____________ refers to the balance of light and shade in a picture, especially its skillful use by the artist in representing the gradual transition around a curved surface from light to dark. Select one: A. Tenebrism B. Chiaroscuro C. Pointillism D. Light

B. Chiaroscuro

Hokusai's The Great Wave makes a statement about scale, in part because A. Any black-and-white art causes scale to feel reduced. B. Everyone in Japan knows the scale of Mount Fuji. C. The print is 86 inches in height. D. The print presents nature in relation to the human figure.

B. Everyone in Japan knows the scale of Mount Fuji.

Pliable clay is made to hold its form permanently through the process of A. Casting it in bronze. B. Firing it. C. Subjecting it to high pressure. D. Soaking it.

B. Firing it.

What inspired Dale Chihuly in creating Mille Fiore? A. Grass and vegetables B. Flowers and the sea C. Dusk and dawn D. The sun and the moon

B. Flowers and the sea

The tremendous dome of Hagia Sophia is supported by A. Brick walls. B. Four pendentives. C. Four lintels. D. A wooden framework.

B. Four pendentives.

Wassily Kandinsky's Sketch I for "Composition VII" is an example of A. French Surrealism. B. German Expressionism. C. Fauvism. D. Italian Futurism.

B. German Expressionism.

The Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris is an example of which architectural style? A. Romanesque B. Gothic C. Basilica D. Post-and-lintel

B. Gothic

British artist Banksy, who has stenciled and spray-painted his work on walls across Great Britain, can be categorized as a A. Cubist. B. Graffiti artist. C. Pop artist. D. Abstract Expressionist.

B. Graffiti artist.

In works such as Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe, realist painter Edouard Manet was denying traditional painting style and drawing attention to A. Formal concerns within the composition. B. His break with past techniques. C. History painting. D. Color.

B. His break with past techniques.

Michelangelo is considered a Mannerist and High Renaissance artist. What is it about his paintings that characterize the Mannerist style? A. His use of mythological themes B. His calm, balanced compositions C. His turbulent compositions D. The didactic nature of his paintings

B. His calm, balanced compositions

Jan van Eyck's "Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife Giovanna Cenami" depicts many objects that have symbolic meaning. The use or study of these symbols is called: A. Content B. Iconography C. Form D. Aesthetics

B. Iconography

A sense of depth, of three dimensions, can be achieved on a flat canvas or paper only by the means of ____________. Select one: A. Mylar B. Illusion C. Wunkirle D. Volume

B. Illusion

Van Gogh builds up his lines in thick, bold strokes that possess an almost structural quality known as A. Analytic. B. Impasto. C. Implied. D. Controlled.

B. Impasto.

Lines that create a sense of movement and direction are called A. Continuous lines. B. Implied Lines. C. Contour lines. D. Construction lines.

B. Implied Lines.

When was Islam founded? A. In the second century BCE B. In the seventh century CE C. In the sixth century CE D. In the fifth century BCE

B. In the seventh century CE

What is an element of the Cubist style? A. It is based on irony and absurdity, in reaction to the horrors of World War I. B. It attempts to depict objects/images from multiple perspectives simultaneously. C. It is based on the subconscious, non-rational self. D. It attempts to represent motion and movement.

B. It attempts to depict objects/images from multiple perspectives simultaneously.

Gianlorenzo Bernini's Ecstasy of St. Theresa, a centerpiece of a chapel in Rome, exemplifies what characteristic of the Baroque style? A. It uses naturalistic imagery of ordinary people in dark, dingy surroundings. B. It brings together various media, such as marble, bronze, and the natural light from a window, to achieve theatrical effects. C. It was a work commissioned by the pope. D. It represents the exploration of nature by setting the scene in an extensive landscape.

B. It brings together various media, such as marble, bronze, and the natural light from a window, to achieve theatrical effects.

How is Rococo painting different from Baroque art? A. It is more concerned with didactic Christian subjects. B. It is more highly eroticized and sensual. C. It promotes the ideas and aesthetics of Classical antiquity. D. It developed in part as a response to the Protestant Reformation.

B. It is more highly eroticized and sensual.

How does assemblage primarily differ from other sculptural processes? A. It is an older process. B. It utilizes "found" objects. C. It is more dynamic. D. It utilizes the "lost-wax" technique.

B. It utilizes "found" objects.

What artist is responsible for atmospheric perspective or aerial perspective? Select one: A. J.M.W. Turner B. Leonardo da Vinci C. Mary Cassatt D. Michelangelo

B. Leonardo da Vinci

We know about Vincent Van Gogh's thoughts on his work The Sower from A. Contemporary reviews. B. Letters he wrote. C. Inventories. D. Inscriptions he wrote on the painting.

B. Letters he wrote.

Which artist created Backs in Landscape and also transformed the craft medium of fiber into a fine art? A. David Hammons B. Magdalena Abakanowicz C. Clyde Connell D. Dale Chihuly

B. Magdalena Abakanowicz

____________ is a brand of representation in which the artist retains apparently realistic elements. Select one: A. Abstraction B. Naturalism C. Realism D. Images

B. Naturalism

Empty space, surrounded and shaped so that that is acquires a sense of form or volume. Select one: A. Positive space B. Negative space C. Proportion D. Perspective

B. Negative space

The edge of a shape of figure depicted by an actual line drawn or painted on the surface. Select one: A. Implied line B. Outline C. Contour line D. Oculus

B. Outline

In Deliverance, which technique does Steve DiBenedetto use to create a sense of space? Select one: A. Line B. Overlapping images C. Atmospheric perspective D. Linear perspective

B. Overlapping images

The earliest Christian churches were patterned after basilicas used by the Romans as A. Temples. B. Public buildings. C. Baths. D. Palaces.

B. Public buildings.

Both the Arch of Titus and the Column of Trajan A. House an enormous statue of a god carved in precious materials. B. Represent military successes that symbolize the power of Rome. C. Are placed on an elevated site above the city. D. Represent scenes of athletic competitions in which the Romans excelled.

B. Represent military successes that symbolize the power of Rome.

Max Ernst developed a technique called frottage, which involves A. Applying layers of oil glazes. B. Rubbing a sheet of paper over a textured surface. C. Covering a surface with fine sand. D. Applying thick layers of bronze to a surface.

B. Rubbing a sheet of paper over a textured surface.

Giambologna's The Capture of the Sabine Women is an example of A. High relief. B. Sculpture in-the-round. C. Low relief. D. An environment.

B. Sculpture in-the-round.

Most ceramic objects are created by A. Additive, subtractive, or assemblage. B. Slab construction, coiling, or throwing. C. Firing, casting, or fusing. D. Firing, slab construction, or assemblage.

B. Slab construction, coiling, or throwing.

In the kente cloths of the Asante and Ewe societies of Ghana, pattern is associated with A. Hunting. B. Social prestige and wealth. C. Childbirth. D. Food preparation.

B. Social prestige and wealth.

Antonio Lopez Garcia's New Refrigerator may seem like odd subject matter for a painting, but it actually falls within a long line of which of these artistic traditions? A. Landscape B. Still-life C. Portraiture D. Abstraction

B. Still-life

The She-Wolf, later adopted by Romans as a symbol of their civilization, was, until recently, thought to have been made by which culture? A. The Egyptians B. The Etruscans C. The Sumerians D. The Greeks

B. The Etruscans

The tendency to embrace a plurality of styles by the 1980s, in contradiction to the idea of "branding" and maintaining a uniform corporate identity is illustrated by A. Le Corbusier's Pavillon d'Esprit Nouveau. B. The MTV (Music Television) logo. C. Russel Wright's American Modern dinnerware. D. Louis Comfort Tiffany's Peacock Vase.

B. The MTV (Music Television) logo.

Florence became a cultural center of the Renaissance, in large part due to A. The number of painters living there.. B. The Medici family. C. Its location on a major shipping route. D. The size of the city.

B. The Medici family.

What aspect of Salvador Dali's The Persistence of Memory is a characteristic of Surrealism? A. It represents a detailed, realistic landscape. B. The artist looked to his subconscious (dreams, hypnosis, psychoanalysis) for his subject matter. C. It illustrates popular imagery. D. Its primary concern is with form.

B. The artist looked to his subconscious (dreams, hypnosis, psychoanalysis) for his subject matter.

The appeal of Gustav Stickley's furniture derived largely from A. Its elaborate ornamentation. B. The beauty of its wood, usually oak. C. Its delicate proportions. D. Its curving lines.

B. The beauty of its wood, usually oak.

Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is thought to have had appeal to the Renaissance imagination in part because the portrait reveals A. Subtractive color mixing. B. The psychology of the sitter. C. Neoplatonist influence. D. Perfect linear perspective.

B. The psychology of the sitter.

The term "infrastructure" refers to A. The systems that deliver services to people. B. The raw materials used to construct a building. C. The courtyard space in the interior of a building. D. The elevators in a skyscraper.

B. The raw materials used to construct a building.

In Frida Kahlo's The Two Fridas, to what purpose does the artist use symmetry? A. To explore feelings about her physical health B. To explore feelings about her husband's rejection of her C. To celebrate a Catholic wedding ceremony D. To illustrate a costume party

B. To explore feelings about her husband's rejection of her

A shape is a fundamental property of ________________________________ art. Select one: A. Figure-ground B. Two-dimensional C. Negative shape D. Positive shape

B. Two-dimensional

A version of linear perspective in which there are two (or more) vanishing points in the composition Select one: A. One-point linear perspective B. Two-point linear perspective C. Vanishing point D. Vantage point

B. Two-point linear perspective

In one-point linear perspective, lines are drawn on the picture plane in such a way as to represent parallel lines receding to a single point on the viewer's horizon called the ___________________________. Select one: A. Frontal B. Vanishing point C. Diagonal D. Negative space

B. Vanishing point

The painter Richard Haas is known for his Trompe-l'oeil architectural murals. What is the idea of the murals? A. to "bring about emotion" B. to "trick the eye" C. to "engage the sense of touch" D. to "irritate the viewer"

B. to "trick the eye"

A characteristic of eighteenth-century chinoiserie is A. A feeling of sketchiness. B. The technique of "wet on wet" in painting. C. A palette of blue-on-white, as in porcelain ware. D. The use of rich color.

C. A palette of blue-on-white, as in porcelain ware.

Objects that are intended to stimulate a sense of beauty in the viewer are thought to be _______ rather than functional. A. Utilitarian B. Iconographic C. Aesthetic D. Objective

C. Aesthetic

What might have affected Pablo Picasso's severe style of representation seen in The Women of Avignon? A. His collection of Asian ceramics B. Native American sites he visited C. African masks he saw at a Paris museum D. The imagery on Korean tapestries

C. African masks he saw at a Paris museum

A sculptural space that you can actually enter is referred to as A. An earthwork. B. A tableau. C. An environment. D. An assemblage.

C. An environment.

What was the inspiration for Grace Ndiritu's Still Life: White Textiles? A. Erotic puppet shows B. Traditional Yoruban rituals C. An exhibition of work by Henri Matisse in 2005 in London D. The action paintings of Jackson Pollock

C. An exhibition of work by Henri Matisse in 2005 in London

To Walter Gropius, the founder of the influential design school Bauhaus, what was the ultimate creative activity? A. Drawing B. Painting C. Architecture D. Sculpture

C. Architecture

American glassmaker Louis Comfort Tiffany inspired which design movement? A. Art Deco B. De Stijl C. Art Nouveau D. Constructivism

C. Art Nouveau

Sayre states that he believes that all people are creative, but artists possess qualities that most don't. Which of the following best describes these qualities? A. Artists are always "outsiders," meaning they stand in opposition to the dominant paradigms of their day B. Artists must be willing to "buck the system" C. Artists are critical thinkers, meaning they question assumptions and explore new directions D. They must "look" like artists, dress in turtle-necks and berets or have lots of tattoos

C. Artists are critical thinkers, meaning they question assumptions and explore new directions

The Greek Kouros illustrates the idea of shifting or counterpositioning weight around the axis of the spine in figurative sculpture. This pose is called A. Chiaroscuro. B. Perspective. C. Contrapposto. D. Pose tolerance.

C. Contrapposto.

Showing irreverence for tradition and rationality, Marcel Duchamp's L.H.O.O.Q. exemplifies which movement? A. Surrealist B. Futurist C. Dada D. Automatic

C. Dada

Historically, architectural styles and building techniques have been dependent on A. The ability of local artisans to transport massive building materials over great distances. B. The whims of academically trained aesthetes. C. Environment (the lay of the land and climate) and technology (available materials and the ability to manipulate them). D. Theoretical fluctuations between "form follows function" and "form over function."

C. Environment (the lay of the land and climate) and technology (available materials and the ability to manipulate them).

Found in Austria, Woman (Venus of Willendorf) is most likely a A. Hunting tool. B. Representation of a ruler. C. Fertility figure. D. Doll.

C. Fertility figure.

One of the earliest uses of oil painting on a panel occurred in A. Sixteenth-century Mexico. B. Seventeenth-century Spain. C. Fifteenth-century Flanders. D. Eighteenth-century England.

C. Fifteenth-century Flanders.

One aspect of Romanticism is the awareness that the world is full of terror and violence. A work that illustrates this characteristic of Romanticism is A. Jacques-Louis David's Death of Marat. B. Gustave Courbet's Burial at Ornans. C. Francisco Goya's Saturn Devouring One of His Sons. D. Rosa Bonheur's Plowing in the Nivernais.

C. Francisco Goya's Saturn Devouring One of His Sons.

An early twentieth-century art movement, characterized by its desire to celebrate the movement and speed of modern industrial life. Select one: A. Mannerism B. Impressionism C. Futurism D. Cubism

C. Futurism

A traditional ground for tempera paintings, which consists of a mixture of glue and plaster of Paris or chalk, is A. Gouache. B. Sinopie. C. Gesso. D. Encaustic.

C. Gesso.

Wenda Gu creates calligraphy using A. Pen and ink. B. Animal fur. C. Human hair. D. Charcoal.

C. Human hair.

When and where was porcelain developed? A. In fifteenth-century Italy B. In twentieth-century America C. In seventh-century China D. In twelfth-century Japan

C. In seventh-century China

What was the inspiration for Anni Albers's design of her wall hanging shown in the text? A. The angularity of Bauhaus architecture B. Franz Kafka's Metamorphosis C. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's The Metamorphosis of Plants D. A spontaneous arrangement of leaves she observed under a tree

C. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's The Metamorphosis of Plants

Michelangelo's painting for the Sistine Chapel, The Last Judgment, typifies a style that came to be known as A. Northern painting. B. Expressionism. C. Mannerism. D. Baroque.

C. Mannerism.

Illusionism in fresco painting arguably reached its apogee in which work? A. Giorgio Vasari's The Art of Painting B. The cave paintings in Ajanta, India C. Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling D. Artemisia Gentileschi's Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting

C. Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling

Greek figurative sculpture was greatly influenced by Egyptian sculpture. What did the Greeks add? A. Greater skill B. The representation of garments C. Naturalism D. Authenticity

C. Naturalism

Empty space, surrounded and shaped so that it aquires a sense of form or volume. Select one: A. Vanishing point B. Positive shape C. Negative shape D. Vantage point

C. Negative shape

Sandro Botticelli's paintings, such as The Birth of Venus, reflect his interest in a philosophy called A. Neoclassicism. B. Enlightenment. C. Neoplatonism. D. Romanticism.

C. Neoplatonism.

Art that makes no reference to the natural world and that explores the inherent expressive or aesthetic potential of the formal elements- Select one: A. Modernism B. Naturalism C. Nonobjective art D. Modeling

C. Nonobjective art

What did flying buttresses allow the architecture of the Gothic church to do? A. Support a dome B. Accommodate large crowds C. Reach an extraordinary height D. Use stained glass

C. Reach an extraordinary height

We can clearly see the artistic impulse to "give form to the immaterial," to represent hidden or universal truths, spiritual forces, and personal feelings in: A. Political art B. Contemporary art that deals with "identity politics", like Ana Mendieta's Silueta C. Religious art D. Art based on close observation of one's immediate surroundings

C. Religious art

In The Treason of Images, the artist combines awareness, creativity, and communication by encouraging the viewer to look closely at an object. The artist is: A. Lorna Simpson B. Duane Michaels C. Rene' Magritte D. John Ahearn

C. Rene' Magritte

The Baroque can be characterized as A. Developing in the fifteenth century and promoting the ideas and aesthetics of Classical antiquity. B. Highly didactic Christian art. C. Seventeenth-century theatrical compositions rendered in very high contrast. D. Developing in eighteenth-century France and promoting civic responsibility and sacrifice.

C. Seventeenth-century theatrical compositions rendered in very high contrast.

The figures from the Abu Temple represent worshipers from the complex society of A. Jericho. B. Egypt. C. Sumer. D. Harappa.

C. Sumer.

In her painting Still Life with Lobster, Anna Vallayer-Coster establishes emphasis through A. The reliance on asymmetrical balance. B. The use of scale. C. The manipulation of light and color. D. The strong subject matter.

C. The manipulation of light and color.

Le Corbusier was an architect and designer who prioritized A. Custom designs for wealthy patrons. B. The handmade and organic. C. The manufactured and modular. D. Inexpensive versions of modern designs.

C. The manufactured and modular.

Rudy Burckhardt's photos teach us that Jackson Pollock longed to be involved in A. Impressionist masterpieces. B. The poetry of Robert Frost. C. The process of painting. D. The mechanized world.

C. The process of painting.

In what way can a large-scale work be considered a temporal art form? A. It endures time. B. It takes time to make it. C. The spectator moves through time and space to view it. D. It is not temporal.

C. The spectator moves through time and space to view it.

Mark Rothko's so-called color fields differ from Willem de Kooning's action painting in that A. They are small rather than large. B. They use color instead of only black and white. C. They create a meditative, rather than an active, space. D. They represent narratives rather than abstract form.

C. They create a meditative, rather than an active, space.

Oil paint is an exception in that it allows the user to do all of the following EXCEPT A. To blend hues and tones seamlessly. B. To work with big, bold, energetic brushstrokes. C. To work more quickly than in other media. D. To continue to work on the same painting for weeks without the work drying.

C. To work more quickly than in other media.

Paintings that consist of three painted panels, such as The Annunciation (The Mérode Altarpiece) by Robert Campin and his workshop of artists, are called A. Diptychs. B. Reliquaries. C. Triptychs. D. Frescos.

C. Triptychs.

A version of linear perspective in which there were two (or more) vanishing points in the composition. Select one: A. One-point linear perspective B. Mass C. Two-point linear perspective D. Foreshortening

C. Two-point linear perspective

How can we distinguish Romanesque architecture from earlier architecture? A. Flying buttresses were employed. B. A new truss system was employed. C. Vaulted ceilings were employed instead of flat roofs. D. Pendentive arch ceilings were employed instead of columns.

C. Vaulted ceilings were employed instead of flat roofs.

Many artist work in both two-and three-dimensional forms. But in order to create a sense of depth of three dimensions, on a flat surface canvas or paper the artist must rely on some form of _______________________. Select one: A. One-point linear perspective B. Vantage point C. Visual illusion D. Positive space

C. Visual illusion

How did Frank Lloyd Wright's approach to simplicity differ from that of William Morris? A. Wright believed in mass production rather than handcrafted works. B. Wright rejected simplicity in favor of ornament. C. Wright's forms were geometric rather than organic. D. Wright rejected nature instead of embracing it.

C. Wright's forms were geometric rather than organic.

The study or description of images and symbols. Select one: A. impression B. intensity C. iconography D. impasto

C. iconography

The fine art of handwriting

Calligraphy

The organization of the formal elements in a work of art

Composition

What the work of art means or expresses

Content

Lines that form the outer edge of a 3D shape and suggest its volume

Contour Lines

When a sculpture is created by building up the form with a material such as clay, the process is called ______? A. Cire-perdue. B. Relief sculpture. C. Cast sculpture. D. Additive.

D. Additive.

Claude Monet's Water Lilies, Morning: Willows and Bridget Riley's Drift No. 2 are similar in that both A. Depict flowers in the process of blooming. B. Narrate a story. C. Depict the process of snow falling. D. Allude to the movements of water.

D. Allude to the movements of water.

Jan Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance is a perfect example of A. A symmetrical composition. B. Variety over unity C. Rhythm and repetition. D. An asymmetrically balanced composition.

D. An asymmetrically balanced composition.

Which of these is not a principle of "green architecture"? A. It seeks to use sustainable building materials and renewable resources B. Self-sufficiency of buildings (lack of reliance on nonsustainable energy sources) C. It is suitable to the climate and culture in which it is built D. Architects look to continue to use building techniques and materials that have been in use since the Industrial Revolution in the West

D. Architects look to continue to use building techniques and materials that have been in use since the Industrial Revolution in the West

The International Style is a type of architecture marked by A. Mass and volume. B. Rigid lines. C. Integration with topography. D. Austere geometric simplicity.

D. Austere geometric simplicity.

When a style of line becomes associated as an artist's work, we say it is A. Generic. B. Calligraphic. C. Static. D. Autographic.

D. Autographic.

The imagery in Faith Ringgold's God Bless America was inspired by the: A. Parade in New York City on Allies Day, May 1917. B. Desert Storm conflict. C. McCarthy era in the 1950s. D. Civil Rights movement in the 1960s.

D. Civil Rights movement in the 1960s.

Charles and Ray Eames's side chair, model DCM, demonstrates which feature of design in the 1940s and 1950s? A. Constructivist design B. Streamlined design C. Architectural design D. Curvilinear design

D. Curvilinear design

Picasso's Surrealist works explored duality of experience in paintings such as A. The Persistence of Memory. B. Melancholy and Mystery of a Street. C. Violin and Palette. D. Girl before a Mirror.

D. Girl before a Mirror.

_________ is the most luminous fluorescent light, so much so that, especially when emitted from multiple tubes, it fatigues the eye and quickly appears to be white. Select one: A. Yellow B. Red C. Blue D. Green

D. Green

How did Paul Gauguin use art to express his rejection of modern society? A. He painted scenes from history such as Liberty Leading the People. B. He painted scenes of café life in Paris such as The Glass of Absinthe. C. He painted landscapes such as The Hay Wain. D. He painted images of "primitive" culture such as in The Day of the Gods.

D. He painted images of "primitive" culture such as in The Day of the Gods.

A feature that became a required element for Muslim mosques is the A. Tower. B. Flying buttress. C. Stained-glass window. D. Hypostyle space.

D. Hypostyle space.

A line created by movement or direction, such as the line established by a pointing finger, the direction of a glance, or a body moving through space. Select one: A. Highlights B. Outline C. Contour line D. Implied line

D. Implied line

Which best describes Frank Gehry's design process? A. It is very controlled, almost rigid. B. It is focused entirely on natural lines. C. He borrows heavily from previous architectural styles. D. It is fluid and experimental.

D. It is fluid and experimental.

How can Gothic sculpture be distinguished from Romanesque sculpture? A. It is sculpted out of stone. B. It is much bigger. C. It is proportionally less accurate. D. It is much more naturalistic.

D. It is much more naturalistic.

Ancient Egyptian stone funerary figures, such as Menkaure with a Woman, were carved to bear the spirit of the deceased into the eternity of the afterlife, known as the A. Osiris. B. Kouros. C. Santeros. D. Ka.

D. Ka.

Alexander Calder's "mobiles," like Untitled, move when air currents move through them, making them A. Optical illusions. B. Patterned. C. Abstract. D. Kinetic.

D. Kinetic.

The Anasazi cliff dwellings at Mesa Verde National Park show the roofs of what elements, which are underground spaces for ceremonial life? A. Ziggurats B. Architraves C. Sipapu D. Kivas

D. Kivas

The painting process that allows for a continuous blending of tones and hues on the painting surface is called A. Watercolor. B. Buon fresco. C. Tempera painting. D. Oil painting.

D. Oil painting.

Some works of art are created precisely to give us the illusion or sensation of movement. This style of art is called A. Decorative art. B. Dada. C. Animal style. D. Op Art.

D. Op Art.

In The School of Athens, Raphael represents the two significant schools of philosophy, signified by the portrayal of what two figures in the center of the composition? A. Descartes and Hippocrates B. Christ and Michelangelo C. Socrates and Euripides D. Plato and Aristotle

D. Plato and Aristotle

The Palette of King Narmer is historically important because it A. Mixes depictions of gods with historical figures. B. Depicts an Assyrian king hunting. C. Is the first written record in Ancient Mesopotamia. D. Probably represents the first unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.

D. Probably represents the first unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Chartres Cathedral's rose window best illustrates A. The canonical façade. B. Asymmetry. C. Asymmetrical balance. D. Radial balance.

D. Radial balance.

The more the representation resembles what the eye sees, the more it is said to be an example of _____________. Select one: A. Images B. Abstraction C. Nonobjective D. Realism

D. Realism

Faith Ringgold's God Bless America features an American flag turned into a prison cell. How is the figure of the woman contradictory? A. She is both free and imprisoned. B. She is both nationalistic and patriotic. C. She is both angry and joyous. D. She is both patriotic and racist.

D. She is both patriotic and racist.

Which nineteenth-century building by Joseph Paxton could be considered an early example of the relationship between new technology and architecture? A. The Houses of Parliament B. The Red House C. The Palais Stoclet D. The Crystal Palace

D. The Crystal Palace

In Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance, a painting on the wall behind the woman depicts A. The Crucifixion. B. The Annunciation. C. Moses at the burning bush. D. The Last Judgment.

D. The Last Judgment.

Mixed media artists have achieved what important innovation in art? A. The incorporation of new materials into traditional work B. The combination of plastic-based and oil-based paints C. The representation of the "real" world in two dimensions D. The extension of a painting's "space" from two dimensions to three

D. The extension of a painting's "space" from two dimensions to three

It is thought that the sloping sides of the pyramids in Egypt were intended to mimic A. The eyes of Akhenaten. B. The sands of the Sahara. C. The orb of Isis. D. The rays of the sun.

D. The rays of the sun.

A work in which weft yarns of several different colors are manipulated to make a design is called A. Afghan. B. Embroidery. C. Collage. D. Weaving.

D. Weaving.

All fiber arts evolved from A. Sewing. B. Tapestry. C. Embroidery. D. Weaving.

D. Weaving.

Buon fresco painting can be described as A. Having more naturalistic capabilities than oil paint. B. Expressive use of enamel. C. A quick process of sketching from observation. D. Working with pigment directly into fresh plaster.

D. Working with pigment directly into fresh plaster.

Titian's Assumption and Consecration of the Virgin demonstrates the power of A. gender associations with line. B. stained glass. C. color. D. lines of sight.

D. lines of sight.

Lasting for a very short time (transitory, transient, fleeting)

Ephemeral

Evaluating other peoples and cultures according to the standards of one's own group (often as superior)

Ethnocentric

Lines that expresses emotion

Expressive Lines

In the process of seeing, the retina extracts the basic information it needs and sends this information to the visual cortex

Extraction

True or False: Color is essential in defining shape and mass.

False

True or False: Leonardo da Vinci was the first artist to work with fluorescent light.

False

True or False: One of the most powerful kinds of implied line is a function of light of sight, the direction the figures in a given composition are looking.

False

True or False: Tenebrism is essential in defining shape and mass.

False

True or False: The three secondary colors are green, purple and yellow.

False

True or False: Van Gogh's paintings are very controlled

False

The literal shape and mass of an object

Form

A pattern of horizontal and vertical lines that cross each other to make uniform squares or rectangles

Grid

Study or description of images and symbols - a system of visual images widely understood by a given culture

Iconography

Paint applied very thickly to a canvas

Impasto

A line created by a movement or direction (but not actually drawn) - ex.) pointing figure, direction of a glance

Implied Line

A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

Inference

A mark left by a moving point

Line

Any material used to create a work of art

Medium

A brand of representation in which the artist retains apparently realistic elements but represents the visual world from a distinctly personal (subjective) point of view

Naturalism

Art that makes no reference to the natural world and explores the inherent expressive or aesthetic potential of formal elements

Nonobjective

The edge of a shape or figure depicted by an actual line

Outline

A repetitive motif or design

Pattern

A work of art so realistic in appearance that it appears to be a photograph

Photorealistic

The tendency to render the facts of existence - resembles what the eye sees

Realism

In the process of seeing, external stimuli enter the nervous system

Reception

Work of art that portrays natural objects in recognizable form

Representational

What the image literally depicts

Subject Matter

The supremacy of "feeling" in art

Suprematism

Images that represent something more than their literal meaning

Symbols

A 3-paneled format

Triptych

True or False: Vanishing Point- In linear perspective, the point on the horizon line where parallel lines appear to converge.

True

True or False: Vantage point- In linear perspective, the point where the viewer is positioned.

True

True or False: A form or a mass, is a solid that occupies a three-dimensional volume.

True

True or False: A shape can be indicated by means of an outline.

True

True or False: A shape is flat.

True

True or False: A three-dimensional form can be indicated by contour lines.

True

True or False: By the nineteenth century, aerial perspective had come to dominate the thinking of landscape painters.

True

True or False: Dan Flavin was the first artist to work with fluorescent light.

True

True or False: Each decision that Cezanne made in his still life paintings was designed to give back life to the "still life"

True

True or False: Implied line can also serve to create a sense of directional movement and force-

True

True or False: In the nineteenth century, the stereoscope was invented precisely to imitate binocular vision.

True

True or False: One of the chief tools employed by artist of the Renaissance to render the effects of light is chiaroscuro.

True

True or False: One of the most fundamental elements of art is line.

True

True or False: Paul Cezanne's "Basket of Apples" is a still life.

True

True or False: Since natural light helps us to define spatial relationships, it stands to reason that artist are interested in manipulating it.

True

True or False: Tenebrism means "murky"

True

True or False: The intermediate colors are mixtures of a primary and neighboring secondary.

True

True or False: The three cool colors are blue, purple and green

True

True or False: The three warm colors are red, orange and yellow.

True

True or False: Thousands of tiny dots, or points, of pure color in a process are known as pointillism.

True

True or False: Van Gogh's paintings are, for many, some of the most personally expressive in the history of art.

True

True or False: Van Gogh's use of line is loose and free, so much so that it seems almost out of control.

True

True or False: Whenever black is added to a hue we are dealing with a shade of that color.

True

True or False: Whenever white is added to the basic hue, or color we are dealing with a tint of that color.

True

The ability to recognize why you like or dislike an artwork and articulate how it communicates to you

Visual Literacy