Art Appreciation: Quiz #5
Artists are concerned with three (two) kinds of unity:
- Compositional - Conceptual
______ ______/___________ ______ applies when the elements on the left and right sides are not the same, but the combination of elements counters each other
Visual Weight/Referential Weight
Artists and designers make conscious choices about the _____ of their work when they consider the message they want to put across
scale
Artists often create unity in works of art by repeatedly using similar _____, _____, _____, and _____ ________
shape, value, color, or other elements
Too much __________ of shape, color, line, or any single element or principle of art can be monotonous and make us lose interest
similarity
For this reason, architectural designs often incorporate ______ __________
simple repetition
A _____-_____ work implies intimacy
small-scale
The shorter side of the outer rectangle becomes the longer side of the smaller rectangle inside it, and so on. The result is an elegant ______ _____
spiral shape
The design of buildings is often intended to reassure us about the _________ and __________ of the structure
stability and durability
The opposite of emphasis is ___________
subordination
There is rhythm where there are at least ___ ______ __ _________ in an artwork
two points of reference
Variety is about __________ and _________
uniqueness and diversity
Artists can intertwine multiple rhythms until they become quite complex
Alternating Rhythm
The proportions of _______ _____ __________ are often very close to the Golden Section
Ancient Greek sculptures
Balance is achieved between elements of different Visual Weight
Asymmetrical Balance (Informal Balance)
Visual or actual weights are distributed in such a way that they achieve harmony
Balance
__________ _____ refers to the cohesive expression of ideas within a work of art
Conceptual unity
"______ __________" is a technique based on nesting inside each other a succession of rectangles based on the 1:1.618 proportions of the Golden Section
Golden Rectangles
__________ _____ refers to deliberate use of relative size in a work of art, in order to communicate differences in importance
Hierarchal scale
_____-_____ work can be experienced by groups of viewers and usually communicate big ideas directed at a large audience
Large-scale
____ is an effective way to focus a viewer's attention in an artwork
Line
Repetition that regularly increases or decreases the frequency
Progressive Rhythm
______ _______ (or ________) is achieved when all elements in a work are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom
Radial balance (or symmetry)
The introduction of chance symbolizes anti-order
Randomness
The most commonly used method of creating unity
Repetition
______ gives structure to the experience of looking, it guides our eyes from one point to another in a work of art
Rhythm
A repeating "pulse" of similar elements sets up a visual rhythm that a viewer can anticipate
Simple Repetitive Rhythm
______________ draws our attention away from certain areas of a work
Subordinations
If a work can be cut in half and each side looks exactly (or nearly exactly) the same
Symmetrical Balance
___ ______ _______ is a proportional ratio of 1:1.618, which occurs in many natural objects
The Golden Section
Provides an artwork with its cohesiveness and helps communicate its visual idea
Unity
_______ can invigorate a design
Variety
_______ is a collection of ideas, elements, or materials that are fused together into one design
Variety
Sometimes artists use ___________ ________ to make a work more lively
alternating patterns
The models used by the Greeks for calculating human proportions were later adopted by artists of _______ ____, and then by ___________ _______
ancient Rome; Renaissance artists
Radial balance can imply ________ and _________ ________
circular and repeating elements
If there are reasonable visual counterweights the work seems ________, and _______ has been achieved
complete, and balance
The intervals between elements provide points of reference for more _______ _______
complex rhythms
An artist creates ___________ _____ by organizing all the visual aspects of a work
compositional unity
Artists bring their own intentions, experiences, and reactions to their work. These ideas, conscious and unconscious, can also contribute to the __________ _____ of a work
conceptual unity
Artists look to create effects of ________ by positioning elements next to one another that are very different
contrast
An artist may deliberately _______ _____ to create an abnormal or supernatural effect
distort scale
Artists can use direction, dramatic contrasts, and placement relationships to organize the elements in a work and draw our attention to areas of ________ and _____ ______
emphasis and focal points
When an artist __________ different elements in a work of art, he or she creates visual relationships and connections between them
emphasizes
By controlling these size relationships, an artist can enhance the __________ and ___________ _______________ of the work
expressive and descriptive characteristics
A ______ _____ is the specific part of an area of emphasis to which the artist draws our eye
focal point
The ancient Greeks sought an _____ __ ______ in the principle of proportion
ideal of beauty
Variety is the artist's way of giving a work of art a ____
jolt
Almost always, ______ means more important, and _______ means less important
larger; smaller
Usually a __________ _____ indicates heroism or other epic virtues
monumental scale
A design repeated as a unit in a pattern is called a _____
motif
Real human bodies do not have exactly these proportions, but when the ratio 1:1.618 is applied to making statues, it gives ___________ _______
naturalistic results
Unity gives an appearance of ________ or _________
oneness or wholeness
An artist can use repetition of a pattern to impose _____ on a work
order
The ancient Egyptians used the ____ __ ___ ____ as a unit of measurement
palm of the hand
Motifs can represent ideas, images, and themes that can be brought together through the use of _______
pattern
The use of repetition in a work of art usually results in the creation of a _______
pattern
The _________ of elements within a composition controls rhythm and creates multiple focal points
placement
The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its ___________
proportions
Artists who introduce __________ to a work try to avoid a predictable repetition
randomness
Such regularity communicates ___________
reassurance
Radial balance is sometimes used in _________ _______ and ____________ where repetition plays an important role in the design
religious symbols and architecture
Alternating of rhythms can add ________________ and ______ __________
unpredictability and visual excitement
If the amount if visual weight does not have a reasonable counterweight on the opposite side, the work may appear to be ____________ or __________
unsuccessful or unfinished
Artists use a multiplicity of ______, ______, ________, and so on to intensify the impact of a work
values, textures, colors
Too much _______ can lead to a lack of structure and the absence of a central idea
variety
Unity is a tool in composition used in combination with _______
variety
Even while using a variety of different shapes, colors, values, or other elements, an artist can create ______ _______
visual harmony
Just as real objects have physical weight, parts of a work of art can have ______ ______, or ______
visual weight, or impact