Art Appreciation: Quiz #5

Artists are concerned with three (two) kinds of unity:

- Compositional - Conceptual

______ ______/___________ ______ applies when the elements on the left and right sides are not the same, but the combination of elements counters each other

Visual Weight/Referential Weight

Artists and designers make conscious choices about the _____ of their work when they consider the message they want to put across

scale

Artists often create unity in works of art by repeatedly using similar _____, _____, _____, and _____ ________

shape, value, color, or other elements

Too much __________ of shape, color, line, or any single element or principle of art can be monotonous and make us lose interest

similarity

For this reason, architectural designs often incorporate ______ __________

simple repetition

A _____-_____ work implies intimacy

small-scale

The shorter side of the outer rectangle becomes the longer side of the smaller rectangle inside it, and so on. The result is an elegant ______ _____

spiral shape

The design of buildings is often intended to reassure us about the _________ and __________ of the structure

stability and durability

The opposite of emphasis is ___________

subordination

There is rhythm where there are at least ___ ______ __ _________ in an artwork

two points of reference

Variety is about __________ and _________

uniqueness and diversity

Artists can intertwine multiple rhythms until they become quite complex

Alternating Rhythm

The proportions of _______ _____ __________ are often very close to the Golden Section

Ancient Greek sculptures

Balance is achieved between elements of different Visual Weight

Asymmetrical Balance (Informal Balance)

Visual or actual weights are distributed in such a way that they achieve harmony

Balance

__________ _____ refers to the cohesive expression of ideas within a work of art

Conceptual unity

"______ __________" is a technique based on nesting inside each other a succession of rectangles based on the 1:1.618 proportions of the Golden Section

Golden Rectangles

__________ _____ refers to deliberate use of relative size in a work of art, in order to communicate differences in importance

Hierarchal scale

_____-_____ work can be experienced by groups of viewers and usually communicate big ideas directed at a large audience

Large-scale

____ is an effective way to focus a viewer's attention in an artwork

Line

Repetition that regularly increases or decreases the frequency

Progressive Rhythm

______ _______ (or ________) is achieved when all elements in a work are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom

Radial balance (or symmetry)

The introduction of chance symbolizes anti-order

Randomness

The most commonly used method of creating unity

Repetition

______ gives structure to the experience of looking, it guides our eyes from one point to another in a work of art

Rhythm

A repeating "pulse" of similar elements sets up a visual rhythm that a viewer can anticipate

Simple Repetitive Rhythm

______________ draws our attention away from certain areas of a work

Subordinations

If a work can be cut in half and each side looks exactly (or nearly exactly) the same

Symmetrical Balance

___ ______ _______ is a proportional ratio of 1:1.618, which occurs in many natural objects

The Golden Section

Provides an artwork with its cohesiveness and helps communicate its visual idea

Unity

_______ can invigorate a design

Variety

_______ is a collection of ideas, elements, or materials that are fused together into one design

Variety

Sometimes artists use ___________ ________ to make a work more lively

alternating patterns

The models used by the Greeks for calculating human proportions were later adopted by artists of _______ ____, and then by ___________ _______

ancient Rome; Renaissance artists

Radial balance can imply ________ and _________ ________

circular and repeating elements

If there are reasonable visual counterweights the work seems ________, and _______ has been achieved

complete, and balance

The intervals between elements provide points of reference for more _______ _______

complex rhythms

An artist creates ___________ _____ by organizing all the visual aspects of a work

compositional unity

Artists bring their own intentions, experiences, and reactions to their work. These ideas, conscious and unconscious, can also contribute to the __________ _____ of a work

conceptual unity

Artists look to create effects of ________ by positioning elements next to one another that are very different

contrast

An artist may deliberately _______ _____ to create an abnormal or supernatural effect

distort scale

Artists can use direction, dramatic contrasts, and placement relationships to organize the elements in a work and draw our attention to areas of ________ and _____ ______

emphasis and focal points

When an artist __________ different elements in a work of art, he or she creates visual relationships and connections between them

emphasizes

By controlling these size relationships, an artist can enhance the __________ and ___________ _______________ of the work

expressive and descriptive characteristics

A ______ _____ is the specific part of an area of emphasis to which the artist draws our eye

focal point

The ancient Greeks sought an _____ __ ______ in the principle of proportion

ideal of beauty

Variety is the artist's way of giving a work of art a ____

jolt

Almost always, ______ means more important, and _______ means less important

larger; smaller

Usually a __________ _____ indicates heroism or other epic virtues

monumental scale

A design repeated as a unit in a pattern is called a _____

motif

Real human bodies do not have exactly these proportions, but when the ratio 1:1.618 is applied to making statues, it gives ___________ _______

naturalistic results

Unity gives an appearance of ________ or _________

oneness or wholeness

An artist can use repetition of a pattern to impose _____ on a work

order

The ancient Egyptians used the ____ __ ___ ____ as a unit of measurement

palm of the hand

Motifs can represent ideas, images, and themes that can be brought together through the use of _______

pattern

The use of repetition in a work of art usually results in the creation of a _______

pattern

The _________ of elements within a composition controls rhythm and creates multiple focal points

placement

The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its ___________

proportions

Artists who introduce __________ to a work try to avoid a predictable repetition

randomness

Such regularity communicates ___________

reassurance

Radial balance is sometimes used in _________ _______ and ____________ where repetition plays an important role in the design

religious symbols and architecture

Alternating of rhythms can add ________________ and ______ __________

unpredictability and visual excitement

If the amount if visual weight does not have a reasonable counterweight on the opposite side, the work may appear to be ____________ or __________

unsuccessful or unfinished

Artists use a multiplicity of ______, ______, ________, and so on to intensify the impact of a work

values, textures, colors

Too much _______ can lead to a lack of structure and the absence of a central idea

variety

Unity is a tool in composition used in combination with _______

variety

Even while using a variety of different shapes, colors, values, or other elements, an artist can create ______ _______

visual harmony

Just as real objects have physical weight, parts of a work of art can have ______ ______, or ______

visual weight, or impact