Art Exam #2

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, a certain kind of institution became established and helped move art away from a functional, arts-and-crafts purpose to an autonomous, "art for art's sake" purpose. What was the institution? a. art dealers and public auctions b. the public museum c. the salon

b. the public museum

The transition from courtly art to bourgeois art was driven by what change that was ushered in by the industrial revolution? a. decay of the guild system b. trade and industry giving rise to a wealthy middle class c. considerable power and mobility of the nobility class

b. trade and industry giving rise to a wealthy middle class

What impact did Marcel Duchamp's "readymades" have on future artwork? a. They inspired use of "low-culture" representations of consumerism and industrially made goods. b. They destabilized what could be considered a fine art object. c. They challenged the dominance of formalism

b. They destabilized what could be considered a fine art object.

An aesthetic response is a response to what? a. the cultural practices that are the context an artwork forms within b. a thing's representational qualities c. the time period an artwork was created in

b. a thing's representational qualities

What was the primary function of art before the 1500s? a. ritualistic ceremonies and adornment by clergy b. cultural propaganda for the church, a ruler, a city, or a wealthy patron c. purely aesthetic merit, also referred to as "art for art's sake"

b. cultural propaganda for the church, a ruler, a city, or a wealthy patron

Philosopher John Dewey believed that if a person intended a drawing they created to be art, then it is art, regardless of whether art institutions or other artists view it as such. This uses what type of art theory to define art? a. institutional theory b. proceduralist theory c. functionalist theory

b. proceduralist theory

What impact has our increasingly global society had on contemporary art and the way we define it? a. Art has become an antidote to the upheavals and shallow glamour of capitalism. b. Art is dominated by reflections on the impact of our being a high-tech, consumer paradise of Western-centric culture. c. Art has shifted to reflecting a globally connected network that is not exclusively the story of Western affluence and power.

c. Art has shifted to reflecting a globally connected network that is not exclusively the story of Western affluence and power.

It is commonly understood that what is not visually pleasing cannot be art. Why is this a shallow basis for assigning value to an artwork? a. The visual effects of an artwork are not an essential component of their value, rather it is whether they are thought provoking. b. Assigning value to artwork should be guided by our initial visceral emotional response, not judgments about whether it is visually pleasing. c. Art is not always visually pleasing to a majority of viewers and frequently depicts disturbing content in order to provoke thought or have social impact.

c. Art is not always visually pleasing to a majority of viewers and frequently depicts disturbing content in order to provoke thought or have social impact.

During the Victorian era, the British saw African sculpture as primitive and ugly, but a few decades later it was highly esteemed and valued. What is this an example of in relationship to assigning value to artwork? a. Art that offends political or moral values is typically judged poorly. b. Judging the value of an artwork is often partly intellectual and interpretative. c. Cultural conditioning can affect judging the value of an artwork

c. Cultural conditioning can affect judging the value of an artwork

Why is Art considered a basic human instinct? a. Every human can see and appreciate paintings and sculptures. b. Every human has a desire to criticize some aspect of society. c. There is an internal appreciation of balance and harmony (beauty), and therefore an aspect of being human beyond utility.

c. There is an internal appreciation of balance and harmony (beauty), and therefore an aspect of being human beyond utility.

Which best defines an aesthetic analysis? a. investigation of cultural influences that can impact our experience of objects and events b. investigation of our physiological response to object and events that evoke it c. investigation of the qualities which belong to objects and events that evoke an aesthetic response

c. investigation of the qualities which belong to objects and events that evoke an aesthetic response

Which of the following criteria is used by functionalist theorists to decide whether or not something is art? a. the function of the particular visual effects of the work's media b. the function the artist intended it to have c. the function it plays in a particular context

c. the function it plays in a particular context

At the most basic level, what is our first experience of an artwork? a. whether it demonstrates a high level of craftsmanship b. its conceptual message or meaning c. whether it attracts or repels us

c. whether it attracts or repels us

Which is one of the Motivated Functions of Art? a. Art for propaganda or commercialism. b. Ritualistic and symbolic functions. c. Expression of the imagination.

a. Art for propaganda or commercialism.

Which is one of the Non-motivated Functions of Art? a. Basic human instinct for harmony, balance, rhythm. b. Art for social causes. c. Communication

a. Basic human instinct for harmony, balance, rhythm.

Which of the following authors argues that art is defined by the audience viewing or experiencing it? a. Leo Tolstoy b. Georgia Dickie c. John Dewey

a. Leo Tolstoy

The contemporary theory that views art as a sociological category defined by museums, art schools, and artists is ________. a. institutional theory b. proceduralist theory c. functionalist theory

a. institutional theory