Art studybook 11

Look at this image. Who is being depicted in this Baule sculpture?

A spirit spouse

Why do much ancient art that still exists in the 21st century made of terra cotta?

It was surprisingly durable.

The liquid form of ceramic used in casting is called

slip

Louis Bourgeois's Maman is an example what kind of sculpture?

Sculpture in the round

What is a relief sculpture?

It can be viewed from the front and side.

Who developed contrapposto?

Sculptors in ancient Greece

For a sculpture to be considered high relief, the forms must project out from the background for at least ______ percent of their visual depth.

50

Look at this image. Who has Japanese sculptor Kaikei represented in this wooden sculpture?

An individual with the outward appearance of a Buddhist monk A patron and protector of warriors Shinto diety Hachiman

Look at this image. How does Auguste portray the individuals in The Burghers of Calais?

As individuals facing death in their own way

The use of found objects as a sculptural material is an example of what type of sculptural technique?

Assembling

True or false: Installation art always replicates familiar spaces such as hotel rooms or offices.

False

What are the principal materials used for carving?

Stone Wood

Why did some find the design of Maya Lin's Vietnam Memorial controversial?

They objected to the unconventional, abstract element of the memorial. They took its lack of familiar images and symbols of sacrifice as a criticism of the war itself. They objected to its lack of ornamentation.

Why does Liza Lou adorn the items in her installations in small glass beads?

To draw attention to items that would otherwise go unnoticed

Which characteristics best describe synthetic resin as a sculptural material?

A wide range of colored pigments in can be added to incorporate color. The appearance of more traditional sculptural material can be easily mimicked.

Beginning in the 1960s artists began to create works of impermanent sculptures to explore what ideas?

Bringing art closer to people's everyday lives Avoiding sales and ownerships of an object Bringing people together in a new way

What metal is most frequently used in the casting process?

Bronze

How do Gerda Steiner and Jorg Lenzlinger, in their piece Falling Garden, transform the experience of visitors to a 17th-century church?

By having visitors lie on their backs and gaze upward By stringing various objects on long strings from the ceiling of the church By covering the vast otherwise empty space with colorful objects

Which sculpting method includes using a specifically shaped container into which the liquid is poured and then allowed to cool and harden?

Casting

Look at this image. Based on the ancient Egyptian convention of depicting human form, how are the pharaoh Menkaure and Khamerenebty portrayed?

Facing straight forward, with the pharaoh's arms arms stiff at his sides With idealized facial features and bodies

True or false: Since the Renaissance the human form has infrequently been the subject of sculptors' work.

False

Martin Puryear makes works that accomplishes what?

Have viewers decide on the meanings Celebrate form

Look at this image. What type of sculpture is this?

High relief Relief

Which aspects influenced the work of Martin Puryear?

His studies in Sweden and Japan His work for the Peace Corps in Africa His background making wood furniture

Where is the famous earthwork Serpent Mound located?

In southern Ohio

What is the description for a freestanding sculpture that can be viewed from any angle and is finished on all sides?

In the round

For what reason did the public complain about Richard Serra's Tilted Arc for a New York City plaza?

It blocked access to the building.

Which statements describe Reconstructed Icicles, Dumfriesshire, 1995 by Andy Goldsworthy?

It existence and disappearance was documented in photographs. It was ephemeral, lasting a few hours before being melted by the sun. It was documented in photographs.

Which descriptions apply to carving?

It is more direct than casting. It is more aggressive than modeling. It is a subtractive process.

Look at this image. According to Kiki Smith, why did she choose the human form as subject for her work?

It is only form everyone has their own authentic experience with.

Which are aspects of contrapposto?

It places the figure's weight on one foot, which create a series of adjustments to the hips and shoulders that produce a subtle S-curve. It is Italian for "counterpoise" or "counterbalance" It is a pose that suggests the potential for movement in a standing figure

What characteristics describe Louise Bourgeois's Maman?

Maman is French for "mom." It is an example of sculpture in the round. Maman is a metaphor for the way Bourgeois's felt about her own mother.

Which materials have commonly been used to represent the human figure in sculpture?

Metal Stone Terra cotta

What is installation art?

Modifying space in some way and allowing the viewer to experience that space

Look at this image. What type of sculpture is this?

Relief

If in the ancient world statues were often believed to have had an ambiguous, porous relationship to life, then which of the following can be said?

Statues could offer physical protection for the bodies of the dead. Statues could become reanimated through the intense devotion of the living. Statues could stand in for the bodies of dead individuals in rituals and ceremonies.

Taking a block of marble and carving a human figure out of it is considered to be what kind of sculptural process?

Subtractive

What is assemblage?

The art of bringing together individual objects to form a sculpture

What was Auguste Rodin memorializing in The Burghers of Calais?

The self-sacrifice of six townsmen of 14th-century Calais

Look at this image. Why is Roxy Paine's steel sculpture Conjoined particularly inventive?

The shining metal seems at odds with the animated organic form.

Look at this image. What is the formal pose of Menkaure and Khamerenebty meant to convey?

Their status as "junior gods" The power of the rulers Their eternal existence

Which are characteristics of earthworks?

They enter into the natural world and participate in its changes. The element of time is central to earthworks. They were originally conceived of as a way to make art that could not be bought and sold.

In lost-wax casting, what is the purpose of the metal pins placed into the clay core?

They hold the core in place after the wax melts.

True or false: Louise Bourgeois's mother wove and repaired tapestries, much like a spider weaves and repairs her web.

True

True or false: To portray a human being in sculpture is to bring it into the world itself and give it a version of life.

True

Look at this image. How does the Spanish artist Luis de Mena portray Christ in his sculpture Ecce Homo?

With drips of red paint simulating blood As realistically as possible With the crown of thorns Pontius Pilate placed on his headFor what reason did the public complain about Richard Serra's Tilted Arc for a New York City plaza?

What is the most common sculptural material used for modeling?

clay

Some people in the art field distinguish between assembling, which brings sculpture parts on or near each other, and ____________, which joins the pieces through a process such as wielding or nailing.

constructing

A work of art that is made for a specific place using natural materials found there is called a(n) ______.

earthwork

Sculptor Huma Bhabha uses _____ in her sculptures.

found objects

Snowmen, Sandcastles and Christo and Jeanne-Claude's The Gates are all examples of _____.

impermanent sculptures

is a soft, uniformly-grained, material that can be carved easily and was frequently used as a sculptural material in southern in Germany during the Renaissance.

limewood

The French term bas-relief means relief, which is when the figures protrude only a small degree from the background.

low