Before Providing Care

What is the emergency telephone number?

911.

What are some barriers to action?

Fear of diseases, not knowing what to do, victim's condition, being sued, and harming the victim further.

List 4 different items to include in a first aid kit

Gauze pads, bandaids, antibiotic ointment, and scissors.

How do you check to see if a person is unconscious?

Gently tap the person on the shoulder and ask if they are okay. For an infant, flick the bottom of their foot.

What is the worst thing you can do in an emergency situation?

Nothing

When checking a child for life-threatening emergencies, what should you do?

Observe the child closely before touching, as all signs may change once you start the exam.

How do you begin a head-to-toe check of a victim?

Tell the victim what you are going to do.

Can you prepare for an emergency?

Yes, you can have a first aid kit and AED ready.

Can a medical alert tag can provide important medical information about the victim?

Yes.

If an accident has occurred and someone has already stopped to help, do you not have to stop?

You should stop. It is helpful to have two trained responders rather than one. You can take breaks while performing CPR, as it becomes very tiring, and one person can call 911 or retrieve an AED and first aid kit while the other performs care.

To get consent, what must you tell the victim?

Your name, level of training, and what you would like to do. You do not need to state your job.

When calling EMS, you need to tell the dispatcher what?

Your name, the help being given, and how many people are involved. You do not need to say what you think is wrong.

Good Samaritan Law

A law that protects you in an emergency situation.

Implied Consent

A legal concept that assumes a person would consent to receive emergency care.

First Responder

A person trained in emergency care that may be called upon to provide such care as a routine part of their job.

EMT

A person who has successfully completed a state approved emergency medical training program.

An easy way to tell if a victim is conscious, breathing, and has a heartbeat is to do what?

Ask the victim a question.

What is the best way to reduce risk of disease transmission between you and the victim?

Avoid contact with the victim's body substances whenever possible.

What is a disease causing microorganisms?

Bacteria or germs.

When is bleeding considered to be severe?

Blood spurts from the wound or the bleeding cannot be easily controlled.

What are the 3 emergency action steps?

CHECK- check the scene safety, number of victims, bystanders, clues to what happened, airways, and breathing by performing a head tilt-chin lift and look, listening, and feeling for 5-10 seconds. CALL- call EMS, whether it be a bystander pointed out specifically or yourself. PCC may also be called depending on the emergency. CARE- care for conditions found. Depending on the emergency, you may have to care before calling. If CPR is needed, you must care for any severe bleeding first. At least 2 minutes of care should be given to the victim and care first scenarios usually require quick thinking.

Disease Transmission

DIRECT- directly touching. INDIRECT- touching bloody objects. AIRBORNE- coughing and sneezing. VECTOR- animal bites that may be infected with rabies. To get a disease the injured person must have a disease, the rescuer must be exposed to body substance such as blood, urine, saliva, or feces and must have a break in skin or mucous membrane of eyes and mouth, and there must be a sufficient amount of body substance with enough pathogens.

Pathogens

Disease causing microorganisms.

When should EMS be called?

If the victim has no pulse, had a seizure, or is experiencing changes in level of consciousness.

To check for signs of breathing, you should do what?

Look, listen, and feel for signs of breathing for 5-10 seconds.

Consent

Permission to give care by the victim to the rescuer.

If the scene is determined to be unsafe, what should you do?

Retreat and call EMS immediately.

Before checking the victim, you should make sure the scene is what?

Safe. Do not approach a scene or victim if you could possibly be harmed.

Citizen or Lay Responder

Someone who does not have special or advanced first aid training or skills.

Why might a victim who is unconscious and lying on their back stop breathing?

Their tongue falls to the back of the throat.

An important guideline to follow when providing care for a victim before EMS arrive is what?

To do no harm.

List indicators that will inform you that an emergency has occurred

Unusual smell, sight, noise, appearance, behavior, or odors.