BI 233 Chapter 5

Brush border cells of the small intestine play many important roles in digestive function. Describe one specific disruption in digestive function that would result from non-functional brush border cells. (full sentence not required)

Cannot complete carbohydrate digestion (no disaccharidases); cannot complete protein digestion (no peptidases); cannot do absorption, etc.

If an individual's pancreas was under-functioning, would that individual have most trouble digesting carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids? Why?

Lipids, the pancreas is the ONLY organ that produces an enzyme to digest lipids. The other major macronutrients are digested by enzymes produced by other organs in addition to the pancreas.

The ___________________ is the accessory organ of the digestive tract that produces enzymes that play a role in digesting all of the major macronutriens.

The Pancreas

Trypsin is produced by the ________________ and continues chemical digestion of proteins.

The pancreas

pancreatic lipase separates a(n) _________________ into a(n) ________________ and 2 free fatty acids.

Triglyceride, monoglyceride

peptidases are produced by the:

absorptive/brush border cells

disaccharidases that are produced by the:

absorptive/brush border cells.

denatures proteins:

acid

produced by the liver:

bile

separates larger fat droplets into smaller fat droplets but does not chemical digestion:

bile

Please check all that apply to carbohydrate digestion/absorption. chemical digestion begins in the mouth chemical digestion begins in the stomach chemical digestion begins in the small intestine bile improves requires transport/carrier proteins for absorption involves enzymes from the small intestine and pancreas involves enzymes from the small intestine, pancreas, and stomach absorbed first into the CV system absorbed first into lymph system most basic components are monosaccharides most basic components are disaccharides most basic components are amino acids

chemical digestion begins in the mouth requires transport/carrier proteins for absorption absorbed first into the CV system involves enzymes from the small intestine and pancreas most basic components are monosaccharides

Please check all that apply to lipid digestion/absorption. chemical digestion begins in the mouth chemical digestion begins in the stomach chemical digestion begins in the small intestine bile improves requires transport/carrier proteins for absorption involves secretions from the small intestine and pancreas involves secretions from the pancreas and liver absorbed first into the CV system absorbed first into lymph system most basic components are monosaccharides most basic components are disaccharides most basic components are amino acids

chemical digestion begins in the small intestine bile improves involves secretions from the pancreas and liver absorbed first into lymph system

Please check all that apply to protein digestion/absorption. chemical digestion begins in the mouth chemical digestion begins in the stomach chemical digestion begins in the small intestine bile improves requires transport/carrier proteins for absorption involves enzymes from the small intestine and pancreas involves enzymes from the small intestine, pancreas, and stomach absorbed first into the CV system absorbed first into lymph system most basic components are monosaccharides most basic components are disaccharides most basic components are amino acids

chemical digestion begins in the stomach requires transport/carrier proteins for absorption involves enzymes from the small intestine, pancreas, and stomach absorbed first into the CV system most basic components are amino acids

Fatty acids, monoglycerides, and proteins repackaged within the absorptive cells are called ______.

chylomicrons

does chemical digestion of proteins into peptides in the small intestine:

chymotrypsin

Which of the following events occurs because of the low pH of the stomach?

deactivation of gastric lipase

The enzyme(s) that complete(s) carbohydrate digestion is/are the:

disaccharidases

one of the monosaccharides:

glucose

does chemical digestion of a disaccharide in the small intestine:

lactase

Small droplets of digested lipids surrounded by bile salts are called ______.

micelles

does chemical digestion of starch in the small intestine:

pancreatic amylase

The only enzyme that acts on lipids is:

pancreatic lipase

only substance that does chemical digestion of lipids:

pancreatic lipase

HCl is produced by the:

parietal cells

does chemical digestion of proteins into peptides in the stomach:

pepsin

HCl has several functions including activating the precursor enzyme:

pepsinogen

The enzyme(s) that complete(s) protein digestion is/are the:

peptidases

produced by absorptive/brush border cells to digest peptides into amino acids:

peptidases

Salivary amylase does chemical digestion of:

polysaccharides

Salivary amylase is produced by the:

salivary glands