bio ch 4-5 test
transport vesicles move proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to what other organelle?
golgi apparatus
substances that plug up an enzyme's active site are enzyme
inhibitors
Usually, enzymes are ________.
proteins
digestion of organic matter inside cell takes place in what organelle
lysosome
Information is transferred from the nucleus to ribosomes via ______.
mRNA
You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it must be a ______ cell.
plant
a balloon that is permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. a beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. which statement correctly classifies the solutions?
solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker
The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ______ site.
active
Diffusion is an example of ______.
passive transport
Where does protein synthesis occur?
ribosomes
what compound directly provides energy for cellular work
ATP
on a lab table, there are 4 balloons filled with identical volumes of different salt solutions: 0% (balloon A), 5% (balloon B), 10% (balloon C), and 15% (balloon D). there are also 4 beakers each filled with identical volumes of a 10% salt solution. the balloons are semi-permeable; that is, only water can enter and exit the balloon. all 4 balloons are placed in separate beaker at the same time and are allowed to come to equilibrium. at equilibrium, which is the correct order of balloon volumes from largest to smallest?
D, C, B, A
Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include ________.
lipid synthesis and drug detoxification
which process could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell in the surroundings?
active transport
what evidence suggest that mitochondria might have evolved before chloroplasts?
almost all eukaryotes have mitochondria but only some cells have chloroplasts
which statement about an enzyme is true
an enzyme's function depends on its 3-D shape
which characteristic of chloroplasts suggests that they might have evolved from freeliving bacteria?
chloroplasts have own dna
in which cell is plasmolysis occurring (look at test for diagram)
cell 5
in which cell is the concentration of solute less than surrounding solution?(look at test for diagram)
cell 6
plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a ____
cell wall and a central vacuole
the figure shows a paramecium, a single celled freshwater protist. the hair-like structures visible on the paramecium allow it to move. these structures are _____
cilia
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by _______
decreasing the activation energy
osmosis can be defined as ______
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
when 2 solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will_______
exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration
specialized cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. which process could be responsible for its secretion?
exocytosis
cells with a higher concentration of ions than the surrounding medium tend to ___(look at test for diagram)
expand
a 2:1 surface area to volume ratio is more advantageous to a cell than a 4:1 surface area to volume ratio
false
When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they ______.
have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water
one difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ____________ prokaryotic cells
have membrane-enclosed structures called organelles, which are lacking in
a protist that contains contractile vacuoles most likely lives ____
in fresh water
all of the following options (except one) are locations where ribosomes are found inside the cell. choose the exception.
inside the nucleus
Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment ____
is hypotonic to the protozoan
during a cross country race at steeplechase, the skeletal muscle cells in your legs use a lot of energy to continually contract and power your muscles. what organelle is most likely abundant in skeletal muscle cells?
mitochondria
which characteristic of mitochondria suggests they might have evolved from free living bacteria
mitochondria have own dna
The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ______.
phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane
which is a function of the plasma membrane
regulate traffic of chemicals in and out of the cell
If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?
relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall
cellular respiration can be described as conversion of energy
storedin in food molecules to energy stored in ATP
a balloon contains a 10% glucose solution. the balloon is permeable to water but not to glucose. a beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. what will happen when the balloon is submerged in the beaker?
the volume of water in the beaker will decrease
what is the major function of chloroplasts
to allow for photosynthesis to occur
t/f cells are small because they rely on diffusion to transport many materials throughout the cell
true
t/f diffusion of starch out of the "cell" was prevented because starch is too large to fit through the membrane pores
true
t/f the calculation of the energy food lacked accuracy because some of the energy was lost to environment to heat
true
t/f viewed through high power the total magnification of an image is 400X
true