bio ch 4-5 test

transport vesicles move proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to what other organelle?

golgi apparatus

substances that plug up an enzyme's active site are enzyme

inhibitors

Usually, enzymes are ________.

proteins

digestion of organic matter inside cell takes place in what organelle

lysosome

Information is transferred from the nucleus to ribosomes via ______.

mRNA

You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it must be a ______ cell.

plant

a balloon that is permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. a beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. which statement correctly classifies the solutions?

solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker

The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ______ site.

active

Diffusion is an example of ______.

passive transport

Where does protein synthesis occur?

ribosomes

what compound directly provides energy for cellular work

ATP

on a lab table, there are 4 balloons filled with identical volumes of different salt solutions: 0% (balloon A), 5% (balloon B), 10% (balloon C), and 15% (balloon D). there are also 4 beakers each filled with identical volumes of a 10% salt solution. the balloons are semi-permeable; that is, only water can enter and exit the balloon. all 4 balloons are placed in separate beaker at the same time and are allowed to come to equilibrium. at equilibrium, which is the correct order of balloon volumes from largest to smallest?

D, C, B, A

Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include ________.

lipid synthesis and drug detoxification

which process could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell in the surroundings?

active transport

what evidence suggest that mitochondria might have evolved before chloroplasts?

almost all eukaryotes have mitochondria but only some cells have chloroplasts

which statement about an enzyme is true

an enzyme's function depends on its 3-D shape

which characteristic of chloroplasts suggests that they might have evolved from freeliving bacteria?

chloroplasts have own dna

in which cell is plasmolysis occurring (look at test for diagram)

cell 5

in which cell is the concentration of solute less than surrounding solution?(look at test for diagram)

cell 6

plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a ____

cell wall and a central vacuole

the figure shows a paramecium, a single celled freshwater protist. the hair-like structures visible on the paramecium allow it to move. these structures are _____

cilia

Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by _______

decreasing the activation energy

osmosis can be defined as ______

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

when 2 solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will_______

exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration

specialized cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. which process could be responsible for its secretion?

exocytosis

cells with a higher concentration of ions than the surrounding medium tend to ___(look at test for diagram)

expand

a 2:1 surface area to volume ratio is more advantageous to a cell than a 4:1 surface area to volume ratio

false

When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they ______.

have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water

one difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ____________ prokaryotic cells

have membrane-enclosed structures called organelles, which are lacking in

a protist that contains contractile vacuoles most likely lives ____

in fresh water

all of the following options (except one) are locations where ribosomes are found inside the cell. choose the exception.

inside the nucleus

Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment ____

is hypotonic to the protozoan

during a cross country race at steeplechase, the skeletal muscle cells in your legs use a lot of energy to continually contract and power your muscles. what organelle is most likely abundant in skeletal muscle cells?

mitochondria

which characteristic of mitochondria suggests they might have evolved from free living bacteria

mitochondria have own dna

The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ______.

phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane

which is a function of the plasma membrane

regulate traffic of chemicals in and out of the cell

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall

cellular respiration can be described as conversion of energy

storedin in food molecules to energy stored in ATP

a balloon contains a 10% glucose solution. the balloon is permeable to water but not to glucose. a beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. what will happen when the balloon is submerged in the beaker?

the volume of water in the beaker will decrease

what is the major function of chloroplasts

to allow for photosynthesis to occur

t/f cells are small because they rely on diffusion to transport many materials throughout the cell

true

t/f diffusion of starch out of the "cell" was prevented because starch is too large to fit through the membrane pores

true

t/f the calculation of the energy food lacked accuracy because some of the energy was lost to environment to heat

true

t/f viewed through high power the total magnification of an image is 400X

true