BIOL 2404 Chapter 18 -- Cardiovascular System - Blood (TEST)

Which is going to result in significant agglutination?

Donor is type AB, recipient is type B

Which leukocytes are derived from the myeloid line?

Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

Blood plasma is slightly _________blank; if pH drifts out of the normal range, dire consequences can result from alterations in the structure of _________blank .

basic; proteins

During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to

collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor.

If a patient becomes dehydrated, the percentage of plasma in a centrifuged sample of his or her blood would likely

decrease

One of the functions of blood is to regulate fluid levels in the body. If too much fluid escapes from the bloodstream and enters the tissues, blood pressure will

decrease

A malnourished person might have abnormally low levels of plasma proteins. As a result, colloid osmotic pressure

decreases, and there is fluid retention in the interstitial space.

The main function of leukocytes is to

defend against pathogens

Fibrinolysis involves _________blank of the fibrin framework, and it involves the protein _________blank.

destruction, plasmin

The viscosity of blood is _________blank proportional to the number of erythrocytes and _________blank proportional to the amount of fluid.

directly; indirectly

Sodium, calcium, and bicarbonate are all described as plasma

electrolytes

When blood is centrifuged and its components separate, the bottom of the tube holds the

erythrocytes

Leukocytes are the _________blank of the formed elements, and leukocytes have _________blank.

largest; prominient nuclei

When blood oxygen is _________blank, erythropoietin is released, which _________blank production of erythrocytes.

low; stimulates

Glucose is a

polar molecule, and therefore it dissolves readily in plasma.

Extensions from megakaryocytes that extend through blood vessel walls in red marrow are sliced off from the cells by the force of blood flow. These extensions are

proplatelets

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies?

protection

The first phase of hemostasis involves

blood vessel constriction.

To compensate for significant blood loss, the autonomic nervous system triggers

vasoconstriction and an increase in heart rate.

Which are characteristic of leukocytes? a: Smaller than erythrocytes b: Have a nucleus c: Have no hemoglobind: More numerous than erythrocytes e: Depending on type, may or may not contain granules

B,C,E

When trying to diagnose an infection that alters the percentages of leukocyte types found in the blood, it is useful for clinicians to perform

a white blood cell diffrential count

In young children, hematopoiesis occurs in most of their bones, but in adulthood it primarily occurs in

flat bone of the axial skeleton

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

the wrong blood type was used.

A comparison of the clinical hematocrit and true hematocrit would indicate that

their values are very similar

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones?

transportation

Which events occur during the recycling of aged or damaged erythrocytes? (Order is not important.) a: The heme group is converted into biliverdin. b: Bilirubin is placed in long-term storage in the liver. c: The iron ions in hemoglobin are removed. d: The iron ions are stored in the liver. e: The iron ions are stored in the red bone marrow. f: Membrane proteins and globin proteins are broken down and reused .g: The erythrocyte contents, excluding the globins, are excreted unchanged via the digestive tract.

A,C,D,F

One of the unhealthy effects of blood doping is to

increase the viscosity of the blood.