Biology

Which term describes the flow of energy through an ecosystem?

food chain

What is the name for a special type of plant has a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen fixing bacteria?

legume

What does the shape of a food pyramid indicate about energy in an ecosystem?

most of the energy is stored in plants at the base of the pyramid.

Bacteria play a critical role in the cycling of nitrogen. They convert the nitrogen in the ____________________ into a form that plants can use called _______________________.

soil; nitrates

What must balance the energy needed by predator as it chases prey?

the energy stored in the prey animals body

What is the original source of energy for ecosystems?

the sun

The carbon cycle can be greatly affected by things done by man. Which of these man-made effects will contribute carbon to the air?

Running cars on gasoline and coal burning factories

Which food chain correctly lists the steps according to energy flow?

Sun —> grass —> deer —> mountain lion

How does winter hibernation benefit a bear?

The energy needed to stay alive in winter is reduced

Use this food pyramid to answer the following question: How much energy is lost between a level and the one above it?<img src="https://nlcda.instructure.com/courses/119/files/1198/preview" alt="Biology2-3.jpg"/>

90%

Use this food pyramid to answer the following question: Why is energy lost as you move up the pyramid?<img src="https://nlcda.instructure.com/courses/119/files/1198/preview" alt="Biology2-3.jpg"/>

Animals use energy for heat and movement

Use this food pyramid to answer the following question: What happens to the number of organisms as you move up the pyramid?<img src="https://nlcda.instructure.com/courses/119/files/1198/preview" alt="Biology2-3.jpg"/>

It decreases

Sally's dog has become obese. How would a biologist describe the cause?

Less energy is expended to gather food than energy consumed.

A hummingbird hovering over a flower uses 100 Kcal/ hour to collect nectar. How much energy must the nectar provide to make an hour of this energy expenditure worthwhile for the hummingbird?

Over 100 Kcal

What is the term for a symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed?

Parasitism

Many types of birds expend large amounts of energy to fly long distances in the spring. How can a trip like this be worthwhile to the birds?

The supply of food and safe nesting areas are worth the energy used.

Why might a predator switch the type of prey it feeds on?

Their usual prey has become scarce

How do trees help to cycle carbon?

They remove carbon from the air

What is the process of water evaporation from the leaves of plants to the atmosphere?

Transpiration

Ecosystems are described as the living things in a particular environment and their interactions with each other and with the non-living things in the environment. These non-living things are known as ___________ factors.

abiotic