Biology Chapter 1
genome
"library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits
4 Kingdoms of Domain Eukarya
- Plantae - Animalia - Fungi - Protista
How do science and technology interact?
- Technology advances from scientific research - research benefits from new technologies
Characteristics of living things
- order -Regulation of internal conditions - growth and development - energy processing - response to the environment - reproduction
How are humans agents of evolution?
- selective breeding - cause evolution of antibiotic-resistance - loss of species through habitat loss and climate change
3 Domains
-Archaea - Bacteria - Eukarya
Life's hierarchy of organization
-Biosphere -Ecosystem -Community - population -organism -organ system - organ - tissue - cell - organelles - molecuels
Darwin's Theory of Evolution
-Individual variation - Overproduction of offspring - unequal reproduction - accumulation of favorable traits over time
taxonomy
-The scientific study of how living things are classified -the naming of species
ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
genus
A classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species
Organ
A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
species
A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
cell
Basic unit of life
Genetic material
DNA or RNA
Decomposers
Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms for nutrients
consumers
Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food.
producers
Organisms that make their own food
Nutrient flow
The cycle of movement and exchange of organic and inorganic matter
independent variable
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
dependent variable
The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.
Evolutionary relationship between red pandas, raccoons, and giant pandas?
They are in the same family tree
Evolution is the core theme of biology
True
organims
a living entity
population
a localized group of individuals capable of producing fertile offspring
biosphere
all the environments on the earth that support life
community
all the living things in a particular ecosystem
science
an approach to understanding the natural world through evidence-based inquiry
Qualitative data
descriptive data
Organelle
membrane-bound structure that is specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell
Quantitative data
numerical data
descent with modification
principle that each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time
gene expression
process by which a gene produces its product and the product carries out its function
data
results of experimentation
systems biology
the exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions among its parts
emergent properties
the result from the arrangement and interactions among component parts -"the whole is greater than some of its parts"
biology
the study of living organisms
Energy flow
the transfer of energy in a linear manner
genes
unit of inheritance that transmits information from parent to offspring -DNA
Energy enters an ecosystem as______ and leaves as_______.
-enters as solar radiation -leaves as heat
hypothesis
A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
organ system
group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
tissue
group of similar cells that perform a particular function