Biology- Chapter 12

Who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Charles Darwin

What did Darwin contribute to our understanding of evolution

He suggested the mechanism that explains how and why evolution occurs

Which of the following provide evidence for evolution?

Homologies

Where are the Galapagos Islands?

Off the coast of South America

Traits that are intermediate between earlier and later species are known as ______.

Transitional features/forms

Which of the following provides evidence that evolution has occurred?

Vestigial structures

What do we call the trial in 1925 that first tested the teaching of evolution in public schools?

The Scopes Monkey Trial

A fossil that was unearthed ten feet below the surface is older than a fossil unearthed two feet below the surface. This older vs. younger statement is an example of using a _____ time scale.

Relative

What is the name of the transitional fossil that is intermediate between dinosaurs and birds?

Archaeopteryx

Recently, Florida passed a law approving the use of medical marijuana. Growers around the state have started selecting plants with the most "desirable" medicinal qualities and using those as breeding strains to produce the next generation of seeds. This describes the process of ______.

Artificial selection

Why is "God did it" not a valid scientific hypothesis?

Because it is not testable

____________ is the ability of an individual to produce offspring, relative to that ability in other individuals in the population.

Biological fitness

True or False: Darwin's theory of evolution states that there is no God.

False

True or False: In science a theory is just a hunch. So, one valid criticism of evolution is that it is "just a theory."

False

Scientists have observed that extinct fossil species are typically succeeded, in the same region, by similar living species. This pattern is known as the ________.

Law of succession

How did Charles Darwin get to the Galapagos Islands?

On a ship called the Beagle

The law of _______ states that a geologic stratum found closer to the surface is younger than one found deeper.

Superposition

Which of the following is an accurate simplification of Darwin's four postulates?

Survival

True or False: There are many scientists that believe in God and evolution.

True