Biology Exam 1 Material
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following?
A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
Purines
Adenine and Guanine, double ring structure
Difference between the two carbonyl groups: aldehyde ketone
Aldehyde is C=O on the ENDS, bonded to H. Ketone is C=O in the MIDDLE.
Dehydration reactions ____ polymers, and hydrolysis reactions _____ polymers.
Assemble; break down
a promoter is a sequence in:
DNA that orients initiation by RNA polymerase
DNase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would first happen to DNA molecules treated with DNase?
The phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose sugars would be broken.
A is (double or triple) bonded to T.
double
Nucleic acids are polymers of what monomer?
nucleotides
Nucleotides are composed of:
one or more phosphate groups, a five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base
fatty acids that don't contain double bonds?
saturated
What is the primary structure of a protein?
sequence of amino acids
What forms the backbone of DNA?
sugar and phosphate linked through phosphodiester bonds
What is a peptide bond?
the bond between two amino acids formed when a carboxyl group of one amino acid joins an amino group of another amino acid, releasing water in the process
Pyrimdines
thymine, cytosine, uracil. single ring
G is (double or triple) bonded to C.
triple