Biology Study Questions Lec. 2 and 3
A solution with a pH of 4 contains what concentration of hydrogen ions [H+]? a. 0.0001 moles/liter b. 4 grams/liter c. 4 moles/liter d. 0.004 grams/liter
a. 0.0001 moles/liter
The proportion of Hydrogen to Oxygen to Carbon in a monosaccharide is: a. 2:1:1 b. 1:2:1 c. 1:1:1 d. 1:1:2
a. 2:1:1
What would be the sequence of the RNA molecule made using the following DNA strand as a template? 5' GAGGCTT 3' a. 5' AAGCCUC 3' b. 5' CTCCGAA 3' c. 5' CUCCGAA 3' d. 5' AAGCCTC 3'
a. 5' AAGCCUC 3'
What would be the sequence of the RNA molecule made using the following DNA strand as a template? 5' AATTCGC 3' a. 5' GCGAATT 3' b. 5' TTAAGCG 3' c. 5' UUAAGCG 3' d. 5' GCGAAUU 3'
a. 5' GCGAATT 3'
How many molecules of glycerol (C3H8O3; molecular mass = 92) would be present in 1 L of a 1 M (molar) glycerol solution? a. 6.02 × 10^23 b. 14 × 6.02 × 10^23 c. 92 × 10^23 d. 92 × 6.02 × 10^23
a. 6.02 × 10^23
Nucleotides in a single DNA chain are joined together by: a. A covalent bond between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar group of the next nucleotide. b. A covalent bond between the nitrogenous base of one nucleotide and the nitrogenous base of the next nucleotide. c. Hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base of one nucleotide and the nitrogenous base of the next nucleotide. d. Hydrogen bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar group of the next nucleotide.
a. A covalent bond between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar group of the next nucleotide.
Which of the following provides the most accurate definition of a polymer? a. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. b. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by hydrogen bonds. c. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent or ionic bonds. d. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks held together by van der Waals forces.
a. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds.
Which of the following would you expect to dissolve poorly in water? a. A substance with a lot of nonpolar covalent bonds b. Anions c. A substance with a lot of polar covalent bonds d. Cations
a. A substance with a lot of nonpolar covalent bonds
If two molecules have the same number of atoms of the same elements but different structures, the two molecules may be: a. All of these answers are correct b. Structural isomers c. Enantiomers d. Geometric isomers
a. All of these answers are correct
What happens when you add an acid to water? a. All of these answers are correct. b. H+ donated by the acid reacts with hydroxide (OH-) ions in the water, forming new water molecules. c. The acid donates H+ cations, raising the H+ concentration in the water. d. The concentration of hydroxide (OH-) anions in the water decreases.
a. All of these answers are correct.
Compounds with amino groups are known as: a. Amines b. Aldehydes c. Amides d. Ketones
a. Amines
Which of the following statements about bases is FALSE? a. Bases cause the pH of the solution to decrease. b. Some bases reduce H+ concentrations by dissociating to form hydroxide (OH-) anions. c. Some bases reduce H+ concentrations by accepting hydrogen ions. d. Bases cause the concentration of hydroxide (OH-) anions to increase and the concentration of H+ cations to decrease.
a. Bases cause the pH of the solution to decrease.
If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, it means that the: a. Concentration of H+ is one hundred times less than it was at pH 5. b. Concentration of H+ is four times greater than it was at pH 5. c. Concentration of H+ is one hundred times greater than it was at pH 5. d. Concentration of H+ is two times greater than it was at pH 5.
a. Concentration of H+ is one hundred times less than it was at pH 5.
Which of the following statements best describes how fats are synthesized? a. Fats are synthesized from glycerol and fatty acid molecules via dehydration reactions. b. Fats are synthesized from glycerol and fatty acid molecules via hydrolysis reactions. c. Fats are synthesized from glycerol and fatty alcohol molecules via hydrolysis reactions. d. Fats are synthesized from glycerol and fatty alcohol molecules via dehydration reactions.
a. Fats are synthesized from glycerol and fatty acid molecules via dehydration reactions.
Which of the following terms most accurately describes the shape of an ethylene molecule? a. Flat b. Cubical c. Spherical d. Tetrahedral
a. Flat
Saturated fats: a. Have fatty acid chains that pack together closely and so tend to be solids at room temperature. b. Have fatty acid chains that pack together loosely and so tend to be liquids at room temperature. c. Have fatty acid chains that pack together closely and so tend to be liquids at room temperature. d. Have fatty acid chains that pack together loosely and so tend to be solids at room temperature.
a. Have fatty acid chains that pack together closely and so tend to be solids at room temperature.
Molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen are known as: a. Hydrocarbons b. Carbohydrates c. Lipids d. Hydrocarbons or carbohydrates
a. Hydrocarbons
What maintains the secondary structure of a protein? a. Hydrogen bonds b. Disulfide bonds c. Ionic bonds d. Peptide bonds
a. Hydrogen bonds
The structural level of a protein that is least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the: a. Primary level b. Quaternary level c. Tertiary level d. Secondary level
a. Primary level
Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Sulfhydryl groups act as bases. b. Carboxyl groups tend to act as acids. c. Hydroxyl groups can form hydrogen bonds. d. Amino groups tend to act as bases.
a. Sulfhydryl groups act as bases.
The secondary structure of a protein refers to: a. The folded and coiled segment of a polypeptide. b. The 3-dimensional shape of a polypeptide. c. The overall shape of the protein formed by the aggregation of the polypeptides in the protein. d. Its amino acid sequence.
a. The folded and coiled segment of a polypeptide.
Organic chemistry is defined as: a. The study of carbon compounds. b. The study of compounds made only by living cells. c. The study of natural (as opposed to synthetic) compounds. d. The study of hydrocarbons.
a. The study of carbon compounds.
If you mix a solid, hydrophilic substance "X" and a solid, hydrophobic substance "Y" with water: a. X will likely dissolve in the water, forming a solution where X is the solute and water is the solvent. Y will likely not dissolve in the water. b. X will likely dissolve in the water, forming a solution where X is the solvent and water is the solute. Y will likely not dissolve in the water. c. X will likely not dissolve in the water. Y will likely dissolve in the water, forming a solution where Y is the solvent and water is the solute. d. X will likely not dissolve in the water. Y will likely dissolve in the water, forming a solution where Y is the solute and water is the solvent.
a. X will likely dissolve in the water, forming a solution where X is the solute and water is the solvent. Y will likely not dissolve in the water.
What is the pH of an aqueous solution with a hydroxyl ion [OH-] concentration of 10-12 M? a. pH 2 b. pH 10 c. pH 4 d. pH 12
a. pH 2
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of 10^-1.5 M? a. pH 4 b. pH 10 c. pH 1.5 d. pH 8
a. pH 4
What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion [OH-] concentration of 10^-4.5 M? a. pH 9.5 b. pH 4.5 c. pH 2 d. pH 12
a. pH 9.5
The word "hydrolysis" was formed from two words: a. "hydro", meaning "water", and "lysis", meaning "lie together" b. "hydro", meaning "water", and "lysis", meaning "break" c. "hydro", meaning "hydraulic", and "lysis", meaning "break" d. "hydro", meaning "hydraulic", and "lysis", meaning "lie together"
b. "hydro", meaning "water", and "lysis", meaning "break"
A solution with a pH of 2 contains what concentration of hydrogen ions [H+]? a. 2 moles/liter b. 0.01 moles/liter c. 2 grams/liter d. 0.02 grams/liter
b. 0.01 moles/liter
If you were asked to build a polymer that is two monomers long (ok, that wouldn't really be a polymer, but let's ignore that for the moment), and you could use two different types of monomers, "A" and "B", how many different polymers could you build? a. 1 b. 4 c. 2 d. 3
b. 4
What would be the sequence of the DNA molecule made using the following DNA strand as a template? 5' TCTGAA 3' a. 5'AGACTT 3' b. 5' TTCAGA 3' c. 5' AGACUU 3' d. 5' UUCAGA 3'
b. 5' TTCAGA 3'
You have a freshly prepared 0.1 M (molar) solution of glucose in water. Each liter of this solution contains how many glucose molecules? a. 3.01 × 10^23 b. 6.02 × 10^22 c. 6.02 × 10^24 d. 6.02 × 10^23
b. 6.02 × 10^22
The following functional group is known as: -O-H a. A carboxyl group b. A hydroxyl group c. A water group d. A hydroxide group
b. A hydroxyl group
Which of the following statements about moles is true? a. One mole of hydrogen molecules (H2) weighs 2 g. b. All of these answers are correct. c. One mole of hydrogen atoms weighs 1 g. d. A mole is 6.02 X 10^23.
b. All of these answers are correct.
Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base? a. Hydroxyl b. Amino c. Carboxyl d. Carbonyl
b. Amino
One mole (mol) of glucose (molecular mass = 180 daltons) is: a. 1 kg of glucose dissolved in 1 L of solution. b. Both 180 grams of glucose and 6.02 × 10^23 molecules of glucose. c. 180 kilograms of glucose. d. 180 × 10^23 molecules of glucose.
b. Both 180 grams of glucose and 6.02 x 10^23 molecules of glucose.
In general, different classes of polymers: a. Are formed by similar types of monomers and are synthesized and broken down by similar chemical reactions. b. Differ in the types of monomers which form them but are synthesized and broken down by similar chemical reactions. c. Differ in the types of monomers which form them and are broken down by different chemical reactions but are synthesized by similar chemical reactions. d. Differ in the types of monomers which form them and in the chemical reactions by which they are synthesized, but are broken down by similar chemical reactions.
b. Differ in the types of monomers which form them but are synthesized and broken down by similar chemical reactions.
If two molecules have the same numbers of atoms of the same elements and the SAME covalent partnerships but different structures, the two molecules may be: a. Structural isomers b. Either enantiomers or geometric isomers c. Enantiomers d. Geometric isomers
b. Either enantiomers or geometric isomers
If two molecules are mirror images of each other, the two molecules may be: a. Enantiomers or geometric isomers b. Enantiomers c. Geometric isomers d. Structural isomers
b. Enantiomers
Water has a high specific heat because: a. Water is an excellent solvent. b. Much of the energy absorbed by water goes to breaking hydrogen bonds between water molecules, rather than to raising the temperature of the water. c. The bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule are polar covalent bonds. d. Liquid water is denser than frozen water. (i.e. ice)
b. Much of the energy absorbed by water goes to breaking hydrogen bonds between water molecules, rather than to raising the temperature of the water.
The charge on a water molecule is best described as being: a. Minus one near the oxygen atom and plus one near each of the hydrogen atoms. b. Somewhat less than minus one near the oxygen atom and somewhat less than plus one near each of the hydrogen atoms. c. Minus one near the oxygen atom and somewhat less than plus one near each of the hydrogen atoms. d. Somewhat less than minus one near the oxygen atom and plus one near each of the hydrogen atoms.
b. Somewhat less than minus one near the oxygen atom and somewhat less than plus one near each of the hydrogen atoms.
If two molecules have the same number of atoms of the same elements but DIFFERENT covalent arrangements, the two molecules are: a. All of these answers are correct b. Structural isomers c. Geometric isomers d. Enantiomers
b. Structural isomers
When a carbon atom forms covalent bonds to 4 different atoms, those bonds angle towards the corners of an imaginary: a. Square b. Tetrahedron c. Box d. Cross
b. Tetrahedron
Which of the following statements about the nucleotides used in DNA synthesis is correct? a. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have ribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have uracil as their nitrogenous base. b. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have deoxyribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have uracil as their nitrogenous base. c. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have ribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have thymine as their nitrogenous base. d. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have deoxyribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have thymine as their nitrogenous base.
b. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have deoxyribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have uracil as their nitrogenous base.
Lipids that contain one or more C=C double bonds are referred to as: a. Triacylglycerols b. Unsaturated fats c. Saturated fats d. Phospholipids
b. Unsaturated fats
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of 10-1.5 M? a. pH 8 b. pH 1.5 c. pH 4 d. pH 10
b. pH 1.5
How many molecules of glucose (C6H12O6 molecular mass = 180 daltons) would be present in 90 grams of glucose? a. 180 × 10^23 b. 90 × 10^23 c. 3.01 × 10^23 d. 6.02 × 10^23
c. 3.01 × 10^23
What functional groups are found in sugar molecules? a. A carbonyl group, multiple hydroxyl groups and a phosphate group. b. A carboxyl group and multiple hydroxyl groups. c. A carbonyl group and multiple hydroxyl groups. d. A carboxyl group, multiple hydroxyl groups and a phosphate group.
c. A carbonyl group and multiple hydroxyl groups.
A monomer is covalently joined to a growing polymer chain by: a. A dehydration reaction. b. A condensation reaction. c. All of these answers are correct. d. Removal of an H+ and an OH- from the monomer and the polymer being joined, resulting in formation of a water molecule and the formation of a covalent bond between the monomer and the growing polymer chain.
c. All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton? a. C2H2 b. C3H8 c. C2H4 d. C2H6
c. C2H4
Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Amino acids are the monomers from which proteins are formed. b. Sugars are the monomers from which polysaccharides are formed. c. Fatty acids are the monomers from which lipid molecules are formed. d. Nucleotides are the monomers from which nucleic acids are formed.
c. Fatty acids are the monomers from which lipid molecules are formed.
Carbon atoms typically complete their valence shells by: a. Forming ionic bonds with H+ cations. b. Transferring four electrons to other atoms. c. Forming four covalent bonds with other atoms. d. Transferring four electrons from other atoms.
c. Forming four covalent bonds with other atoms.
A mole of water (H2O) molecules and a mole of glucose molecules (C6H12O6): a. Have about ten times as many molecules in the mole of glucose than in the mole of water. b. Have an equal volume. c. Have an equal number of molecules. d. Have an equal number of atoms.
c. Have an equal number of molecules.
The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes are: a. Nonpolar covalent bonds b. Polar covalent bonds c. Hydrogen bonds d. Ionic bonds
c. Hydrogen bonds
What gives rise to the cohesiveness of water molecules? a. Nonpolar covalent bonds b. Hydrophobic interactions c. Hydrogen bonds d. Ionic bonds
c. Hydrogen bonds
The DNA molecules in our cells are composed of two chains held together by: a. Ionic bonds between nitrogenous bases. b. Ionic bonds between phosphate and sugar groups. c. Hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases. d. Hydrogen bonds between phosphate and sugar groups.
c. Hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases.
Which of the following is least polar? a. Phosphate b. Water c. Lipid d. Most carbohydrates
c. Lipid
Which of the following structures makes sense? a. H-C=C=O b. H-C-H c. O=C=O d. H-C=O
c. O=C=O
What causes water molecules to be polar molecules? a. Oxygen is less electronegative than hydrogen. b. Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with each other. c. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. d. Liquid water is denser than frozen water (i.e. ice)
c. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.
The covalent linkages between nucleotides forming a DNA molecule are known as: a. Glycosidic linkages b. Amide linkages c. Phosphodiester bonds d. Polynucleotide linkages
c. Phosphodiester bonds
In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by: a. Hydrogen bonds b. Nonpolar covalent bonds c. Polar covalent bonds d. Van der Waals interactions
c. Polar covalent bonds
The tertiary structure of a protein refers to: a. The folded and coiled segment of a polypeptide. b. Its amino acid sequence. c. The 3-dimensional shape of a polypeptide. d. The overall shape of the protein formed by the aggregation of the polypeptides in the protein.
c. The 3-dimensional shape of a polypeptide.
Which of the following statements about the nucleotides used in DNA synthesis is correct? a. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have ribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have uracil as their nitrogenous base. b. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have ribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have thymine as their nitrogenous base. c. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have deoxyribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have uracil as their nitrogenous base. d. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have deoxyribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have thymine as their nitrogenous base.
c. The nucleotides used in DNA synthesis have deoxyribose as their sugar component and do not include nucleotides that have uracil as their nitrogenous base.
The quaternary structure of a protein refers to: a. Its amino acid sequence. b. The folded and coiled segment of a polypeptide. c. The overall shape of the protein formed by the aggregation of the polypeptides in the protein. d. The 3-dimensional shape of a polypeptide.
c. The overall shape of the protein formed by the aggregation of the polypeptides in the protein.
Which action could produce a carbonyl group? a. The replacement of an H of a methyl group with oxygen. b. The replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen. c. The replacement of the -O-H of a carboxyl group with hydrogen. d. The addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl.
c. The replacement of the -O-H of a carboxyl group with hydrogen.
Compounds with sulfhydryl groups are known as: a. Hydrogen sulfurs b. Sulphates c. Thiols d. Hydrogenated sulfurs
c. Thiols
Which of the following is NOT found in DNA molecules? a. Thymine b. Guanine c. Uracil d. Cytosine
c. Uracil
What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion [OH-] concentration of 10-4 M? a. pH 12 b. pH 2 c. pH 10 d. pH 4
c. pH 10
A solution with a pH of 1.5 contains what concentration of hydrogen ions [H+]? a. 0.001 moles/liter b. 0.15 moles/liter c. 1.5 moles/liter d. 0.03 moles/liter
d. 0.03 moles/liter
A solution with a pH of 13 contains what concentration of hydroxyl ions [OH-]? a. 13 moles/liter b. 10-13 moles/liter c. 0.01 moles/liter d. 0.1 moles/liter
d. 0.1 moles/liter
You have a freshly prepared 1 M (molar) solution of glucose in water. You carefully pour out a 100 mL sample of that solution. How many glucose molecules are included in that 100 mL sample? a. 3.01 × 10^23 b. 6.02 × 10^23 c. 6.02 × 10^24 d. 6.02 × 10^22
d. 6.02 x 10^22
How many molecules of glycerol (C3H8O3; molecular mass = 92) would be present in 1 L of a 1 M (molar) glycerol solution? a. 14 × 6.02 × 10^23 b. 92 × 6.02 × 10^23 c. 92 × 10^23 d. 6.02 × 10^23
d. 6.02 x 10^23
What is the best description of a carbonyl group? a. A carbon joined to a hydroxyl group by a single covalent bond. b. A nitrogen and two hydrogens joined to a carbon by covalent bonds. c. An oxygen joined to a carbon by a single covalent bond. d. A carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond.
d. A carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond.
The following functional group is known as: -S-H a. A sulfate group b. A hydrogen sulfide group c. All of these answers are correct d. A sulfhydryl group
d. A sulfhydryl group
Compounds with carbonyl groups are known as: a. Ketones and hydrocarbons b. Aldehydes and hydrocarbons c. Alcohols and hydrocarbons d. Aldehydes or ketones
d. Aldehydes or ketones
Monosaccharides are added to growing polysaccharide chains via condensation (dehydration) reactions. Which of the following also occur via condensation (dehydration) reactions? a. Attaching nucleotides to growing DNA molecules. b. Attaching fatty acids to glycerol molecules. c. Attaching amino acids to growing polypeptide chains. d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following help form the tertiary structure of a protein? a. Clustering of amino acids with nonpolar side chains in the interior of the protein, out of contact with water. b. Disulfide bridges between the sulfhydryl groups on cysteine amino acids. c. Ionic bonds between amino acids with oppositely charged side chains. d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
Why do we care about protein folding? a. Enzymes catalyze many critical reactions in our bodies and won't work if mis-folded. b. Accumulation of mis-folded proteins is associated with Alzheimer's disease. c. Accumulation of mis-folded proteins is associated with Parkinson's disease. d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following are NOT components of nucleotides? a. A phosphate group b. A nitrogenous base c. A sugar d. An "R" group attached to a central carbon atom
d. An "R" group attached to a central carbon atom
Pure water at room temperature has a concentration of 10-7 hydrogen ions (H+) and 10-7 hydroxyl ions (OH-). Why is this? a. Because at any given moment 1 in 10^14 water molecules is broken apart into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. b. Because water will absorb oxygen molecules from the atmosphere and some of those oxygen molecules will combine with hydrogen atoms from the water. c. Because at any given moment 1 in 10^3.5 water molecules is broken apart into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. d. Because at any given moment 1 in 10^7 water molecules is broken apart into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions.
d. Because at any given moment 1 in 10^7 water molecules is broken apart into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions.
Which of the molecules listed below can form isomers? CH4 C3H8 C4H10 a. CH4 cannot form isomers, but C3H8 and C4H10 can form isomers. b. None of them can form isomers. c. All of them can form isomers. d. CH4 and C3H8 cannot form isomers, but C4H10 can form isomers.
d. CH4 and C3H8 cannot form isomers, but C4H10 can form isomers.
In general, different classes of polymers: a. Differ in the types of monomers which form them and are broken down by different chemical reactions but are synthesized by similar chemical reactions. b. Differ in the types of monomers which form them and in the chemical reactions by which they are synthesized, but are broken down by similar chemical reactions. c. Are formed by similar types of monomers and are synthesized and broken down by similar chemical reactions. d. Differ in the types of monomers which form them but are synthesized and broken down by similar chemical reactions.
d. Differ in the types of monomers which form them but are synthesized and broken down by similar chemical reactions.
The primary structure of a protein refers to: a. The folded and coiled segment of a polypeptide. b. The overall shape of the protein formed by the aggregation of the polypeptides in the protein. c. The 3-dimensional shape of a polypeptide. d. Its amino acid sequence.
d. Its amino acid sequence.
Which of the following are NOT polymers: a. Polysaccharides b. Proteins c. Nucleic acids d. Lipids
d. Lipids
In humans, blood pH is around 7.4, and a decrease in blood pH to 6.4 would be fatal. A drop by 1 pH unit represents which of the following? a. Twice as many H+ ions in the solution. b. 1/2 as many H+ ions in the solution. c. 1/10 as many H+ ions in the solution. d. Ten times as many H+ ions in the solution.
d. Ten times as many H+ ions in the solution.
If starch and cellulose are both polymers of glucose, how come people can digest starch but not cellulose? a. When glucose monomers are joined by dehydration reactions to form cellulose, the glucose monomers are converted into non-sugar molecules that are impossible for us to digest. b. When glucose monomers are joined by dehydration reactions to form cellulose, the glucose monomers are converted into xylose molecules that are impossible for us to digest. c. When glucose monomers are joined by dehydration reactions to form cellulose, the glucose monomers are converted into lactose molecules, which are hard for many people to digest. d. The glucose monomers that form starch are joined together by different covalent bonds than the glucose monomers that form cellulose and the enzymes in our bodies that are able to hydrolyze (break) the covalent bonds between the glucose monomers in starch are not able to hydrolyze the covalent bonds between the glucose monomers in cellulose.
d. The glucose monomers that form starch are joined together by different covalent bonds than the glucose monomers that form cellulose and the enzymes in our bodies that are able to hydrolyze (break) the covalent bonds between the glucose monomers in starch are not able to hydrolyze the covalent bonds between the glucose monomers in cellulose.
Which of the following most accurately describes the structure of a membrane formed by phospholipids? a. The phospholipids are arranged in a bilayer, with their hydrocarbon tails on the outside of the bilayer and their phosphate groups pointing toward the interior of the membrane. b. The phospholipids are arranged in a monolayer, with their hydrocarbon tails on the outside of the cell and their phosphate groups pointing toward the interior of the cell. c. The phospholipids are arranged in a monolayer, with their hydrocarbon tails pointing toward the interior of the cell and their phosphate groups on the outside of the cell. d. The phospholipids are arranged in a bilayer, with their hydrocarbon tails pointing toward the interior of the membrane and their phosphate groups on the outside of the bilayer.
d. The phospholipids are arranged in a bilayer, with their hydrocarbon tails pointing toward the interior of the membrane and their phosphate groups on the outside of the bilayer.
Which of the following is NOT found in RNA molecules? a. Guanine b. Uracil c. Cytosine d. Thymine
d. Thymine
Lipids that contain one or more C=C double bonds are referred to as: a. Phospholipids b. Triacylglycerols c. Saturated fats d. Unsaturated fats
d. Unsaturated fats
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of 10-4 M? a. pH 10 b. pH 8 c. pH 2 d. pH 4
d. pH 4