BISC 002 Chap 8

19) Homologous chromosomes ______. A) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics B) include only the autosomes C) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent D) carry the same versions of all genes

A) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics

34) A ______ describes a site of crossing over. A) chiasma B) histone C) synapse D) centromere

A) chiasma

3) The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______. A) nucleus B) centriole C) Golgi apparatus D) nucleolus

A) nucleus

16) Cytokinesis typically begins during the ______ stage of mitosis. A) telophase B) prophase C) metaphase D) anaphase

A) telophase

25) How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II? A) one-quarter as much B) four times as much C) one-half as much D) twice as much

B) four times as much

10) Which of the following is a stage of mitosis? A) cytokinesis B) telophase C) interphase D) DNA synthesis

B) telophase

38) How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have? A) 2n + 1 B) n + 1 C) 2n - 1 D) n - 1

C) 2n - 1

1) A(n) ______ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually. A) cat B) human C) Komodo dragon D) mouse

C) Komodo dragon

4) Chromatin consists of ______. A) DNA and protein B) RNA and protein C) protein only D) DNA only

A) DNA and protein

13) Which of these events occurs during anaphase? A) Sister chromatids separate. B) Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. C) The nuclear envelope reappears. D) The nuclear envelope breaks up.

A) Sister chromatids separate.

6) Sister chromatids are joined at the ______. A) centromere B) spindle C) centrosome D) centriole

A) centromere

27) Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ______ cell(s). A) four haploid B) two diploid C) two haploid D) one diploid

C) two haploid

28) Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does not occur in prophase II? A) Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell. B) Spindle formation occurs. C) Chromosomes have been duplicated. D) Crossing over occurs.

D) Crossing over occurs.

39) Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ______. A) RNA and protein B) DNA C) proteins D) DNA and histone proteins

D) DNA and histone proteins

22) Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called ______. A) homologous chromosomes B) nonhomologous chromosomes C) sex chromosomes D) autosomes

D) autosomes

12) During metaphase ______. A) the nuclear envelope breaks up B) sister chromatids separate C) centromeres divide D) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

D) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

35) Crossing over during prophase I results in ______. A) nondisjunction B) reciprocal translocation C) duplication D) genetic recombination

D) genetic recombination

15) A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ______. A) have less genetic material than it started with B) not have completed anaphase C) have its chromosomes lined up in the middle of the cell D) have two nuclei

D) have two nuclei

5) A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______. A) centromeres B) centrosomes C) genomes D) sister chromatids

D) sister chromatids

31) Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Which is it? A) the events of meiosis I B) crossing over C) independent assortment D) the events of meiosis II

D) the events of meiosis II

33) For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible. A) 4 B) 8 C) 16 D) 20

C) 16

14) During telophase ______. A) the events of prophase are reversed B) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell C) sister chromatids separate D) the nuclear envelope breaks up

A) the events of prophase are reversed

23) Sexual intercourse in humans ______. A) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell B) produces a haploid individual C) produces an individual with 23 chromosomes D) combines two diploid gametes, producing a zygote

A) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell

42) The following figure shows that ______. A) meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells B) fertilization results in four haploid daughter cells C) the human 2n number is 4 D) meiosis forms diploid gametes

A) meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells

24) In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II? A) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells. B) During prophase I chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file in the middle of the cell. C) During prophase I the chromosomes coil up; the chromosomes are not coiled up during prophase II. D) In prophase I the sister chromatids are attached; in prophase II the sister chromatids are separated.

A) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.

30) One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ______. A) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not B) mitosis produces more daughter cells than meiosis C) mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells D) mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells

A) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

37) How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction? A) n + 1 or n - 1 B) 2n + 1 or 2n - 1 C) 2n - 1 only D) 2n + 1 or n - 1

A) n + 1 or n - 1

11) The correct sequence of stages of mitosis is ______. A) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase B) telophase, prophase, interphase, anaphase, metaphase C) anaphase, interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase D) interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

A) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

21) What chromosomes belong to a normal human female? A) 22 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes B) 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome D) 46 autosomes and two X chromosomes

B) 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes

7) Which of the following occurs during interphase? A) Chromatin becomes tightly coiled. B) Chromosome duplication. C) Sister chromatids separate. D) The mitotic spindle forms.

B) Chromosome duplication

26) During metaphase I, ______. A) crossing over occurs B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell C) the nuclear envelope breaks up D) sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles

B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

41) This diagram of the human life cycle shows that ______. A) meiosis produces a diploid zygote B) meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells C) fertilization produces a haploid zygote D) a diploid zygote undergoes meiosis to produce an adult human

B) meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells

40) As shown in the following figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ______. A) plant cells produce more daughter cells B) plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not C) animal cells produce more daughter cells D) animal cells form a cell plate and plant cells do not

B) plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not

20) What chromosomes belong to a normal human male? A) 22 autosomes and two Y chromosomes B) 44 autosomes and two Y chromosomes C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome D) 46 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

17) What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor? A) Benign tumors are composed of cancer cells; malignant tumors are not. B) Benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control system; malignant tumors are. C) Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do. D) Benign tumors do not form lumps; malignant tumors do form lumps.

C) Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do.

32) Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? A) Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father. B) Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles. C) Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles. D) All of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell, and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole.

C) Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.

18) Which of the following will help prevent cancer and increase survival? A) Eat a low-fiber, low-fat diet. B) Limit exercise. C) Seek early detection of tumors. D) Smoke only cigarettes.

C) Seek early detection of tumors.

2) Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT A) growth of a multicellular organism. B) cell replacement. C) production of sperm and eggs. D) asexual reproduction.

C) production of sperm and eggs

8) The cell cycle results in the production of ______. A) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information B) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information C) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information D) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information

C) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information

9) Which of the following occurs during prophase? A) Chromosomes line up on the midline of the cell. B) The nuclear envelope forms. C) Sister chromatids separate. D) The mitotic spindle begins to form.

D) The mitotic spindle begins to form.

36) A karyotype (a chromosome display) would be unable to determine ______. A) sex B) Down syndrome C) Turner syndrome D) eye color

D) eye color

29) Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ______ and in mitotic anaphase ______. A) the cells are diploid... the cells are haploid B) chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell... chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell C) crossing over occurs... crossing over does not occur D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate

D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate