BISC 104 Mastering Biology Chapter 20.1 and 20.2 (partial)

From which structures do oxygen molecules move from the lungs to the blood? A. Trachea B. Bronchioles C. Alveoli D. Nose E. Bronchi

Alveoli

Which statement is correct? A. Oxygen is released from the mitochondria as a product of cellular respiration. B. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the alveoli into surrounding capillaries. C. Oxygen diffuses from large blood vessels into the body's cells. D. As oxygen diffuses from the lungs into capillaries, blood becomes deoxygenated. E. In the blood, oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells.

In the blood, oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells.

Which part of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs? A. Right atrium B. Left atrium C. Right ventricle D. Left ventricle

Left atrium

Which chamber of the heart does blood leave then travel the farthest before entering another heart chamber? A. Left ventricle B. Right ventricle C. Left atrium D. Right atrium

Left ventricle

Which component of the vascular system shuttles oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body? A. White blood cells B. Bone marrow C. Red blood cells D. Platelets

Red blood cells

Which heart chamber would receive blood from muscle tissue in the legs? A. Left ventricle B. Right atrium C. Left atrium D. Right ventricle

Right atrium

Which condition results from damage to the alveoli? A. Increase in blood pressure B. Development of asthma C. Collapse of a lung D. Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath

People who produce very little saliva often have more cavities. What is the best explanation for this? A. People who produce very little saliva cannot support the growth of beneficial bacteria in their mouths. B. A lack of saliva can make the brushing of teeth uncomfortable, and reduced brushing leads to more cavities. C. People who produce very little saliva have trouble digesting proteins and fats, and tend to eat a diet high in sugar. D. Since saliva normally helps neutralize acid and replace minerals on teeth, a lack of saliva leads to more cavities.

Since saliva normally helps neutralize acid and replace minerals on teeth, a lack of saliva leads to more cavities.

Which of the following is true? A. Heart disease causes periodontal disease. B. There is a correlation between periodontal disease and heart disease. C. Heart disease is caused by the presence of bacteria in the blood. D. Periodontal disease causes heart disease.

There is a correlation between periodontal disease and heart disease.

Which gas results in increased breathing rates when it is dissolved in the bloodstream? A. Carbon monoxide B. Fluorine C. Carbon dioxide D. Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Why does the post-Medieval skull in the video have such bad teeth? A. The bacteria in people's mouths were becoming resistant to antibiotics. B. People stopped brushing their teeth after the Roman period. C. The skull is much older than the Roman skull. D. Diets during this time period were high in sugar

Diets during this time period were high in sugar

Which health condition is caused by smoking and results in permanent, irreversible damage to alveoli? A. Emphysema B. Asthma C. Cardiovascular disease D. Bronchitis

Emphysema

True or False: All arteries carry oxygen-rich blood, while all veins carry oxygen-poor blood.

False

True or False: Damaged lung tissue can eventually heal and regain full function.

False

True or False: Hemoglobin can only bind with oxygen.

False

What is the direct cause of demineralization of the enamel on teeth? A. acids produced by bacteria B. food debris C. sugar in food D. saliva in the mouth E. plaque formed by bacteria

acids produced by bacteria

Which of the following can increase your risk of atherosclerosis? A. avoiding high blood pressure B. avoiding sugary snacks C. avoiding cigarettes D. avoiding exercise E. avoiding a diet high in saturated fat

avoiding exercise

Hemoglobin A. is a protein that can bind four molecules of oxygen. B. is the site of cellular respiration. C. is found in blood plasma. D. has five subunits. E. uses ATP to move oxygen from blood to body cells.

is a protein that can bind four molecules of oxygen.

After blood becomes oxygenated, A. it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to the lungs. B. it does not return to the heart, but goes directly to capillaries that supply the body's cells with oxygen. C. it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to body cells. D. it does not return to the heart, but goes directly to the lungs. E. it does not return to the heart, but goes to the nose and mouth.

it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to body cells.

What is the direct cause of gum disease? A. saliva in the mouth B. food debris C. sugar in food D. plaque formed by bacteria E. acids produced by bacteria

plaque formed by bacteria

Dentists sometimes give a patient antibiotics after a teeth-cleaning procedure, especially if the patient is older or has heart disease. What is the best explanation for this? A. Antibiotics help remove the plaque that remains on the teeth after a teeth-cleaning procedure. B. Antibiotics help kill the bacteria that move from the mouth to the bloodstream, and prevent the bacteria from contributing to atherosclerosis. C. Teeth-cleaning procedures add bacteria to a person's mouth, and antibiotics are needed to control the bacteria. D. The materials used during a teeth-cleaning procedure are high in low-density lipoproteins, and contribute to atherosclerosis.

Antibiotics help kill the bacteria that move from the mouth to the bloodstream, and prevent the bacteria from contributing to atherosclerosis.

Which health condition is an allergic response in the bronchial walls of the lungs? A. Emphysema B. Asthma C. Bronchitis D. Lung cancer

Asthma

How does gas exchange occur in the lungs? A. Through endocytosis B. By osmosis C. By using a lot of energy D. By simple diffusion

By simple diffusion

During inhalation, A. the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases. B. the diaphragm and rib muscles contract. C. oxygen molecules move into the lungs, and carbon dioxide molecules move out of the lungs. D. the diaphragm relaxes. E. air moves up the trachea.

the diaphragm and rib muscles contract.