BRAE 237 GILL
GPS
(global positioning system) is a satellite navigation system
how to find LOSD of stadia given top and bottom reading
100 * (top reading - bottom reading) answer in FEET
if latitude is 0 and departure is negative, what is azimuth?
270'00'00''
differential leveling table
Elevation + BS = HI HI - FS = Elevation
how to find departure
HD * cos(azimuth)
how to find latitude
HD * sin(azimuth)
what is needed to calculate allowable error
LOSD
if zenith angle is 90'00'00'' what is relationship between slope distance and horizontal distance? What is the vertical distance?
SD= HD VD= 0
theodolite
a surveying instrument with a rotating telescope for measuring horizontal and vertical angles.
how to find if error of closure for leveling is acceptable in real world?
acceptable error = 0.0014 * root (sum of LOSD) must be less than acceptable error
how to find azimuth from total station to point E given azimuth of set up point D and angle between D and E
add angle to to azimuth
rod reading to point of known elevation
backsight
permanent point of elevation
benchmark
three types of surveys done in class
boundary (cadastral), topographic, roads
types of surveys
boundary/cadastral topographic hydrologic mines solar buildings routes (roads, trails)
objectives for differential leveling
determine elevations of specific points
what is profile leveling
determining elevations along a line
what is differential leveling
determining elevations of specific points
how to tell if averages of angles are acceptable for class
difference between average between direct and inverted < 1'
what are latitudes and departures?
direction of a traverse travelled travel N/S for latitude travel E/W for departure
define surveying
discipline which encompasses all aspects of measuring, analyzing, and disseminating information bout physical earth
what does total station measure?
distances and angles
how to find how many inches are on map with scale and tic marks
divide tick marks / scale
EDM
electronic distance measurement
how to find elevation (given zenith angle, SD, elevation, instrument height, and rod height)
elevation of known point + vertical distance + instrument height - rod height
error of closure for leveling exercise
ending elevation - starting elevation
what is a closed traverse
establish perimeter and calculate area of polygon
what does it mean to plunge a the telescope of a total station
flip it 180 degrees
rod reading to point of unknown elevation
foresight
how to find nominal scale of map?
ground distance (ft) / distance on map (in) answer in 1" = ______'
break chaining/taping
holding the tape horizontally
precision
how close measurements or observations are to each other
accuracy
how close measurements or observations are to true answer
how to convert azimuth to bearing
if point in NW quarter, subtract from 360'00'00'' if point in SW quarter, subtract 180'00'00'' FROM it
how to find average angles between points A and B
insert calculations into calculator and subtract
IFS
intermediate foresight
LOSD
length of sight distance
ratio of error
linear misclosure / total perimeter give as ratio and decimal
why are you not allowed to erase in field book
looks like you are falsifying data, legal court document and should look professional
how to find distance between point A and B (if points given s **+**)
lose the plus sign and make them real numbers, subtract
what does if mean if starting elevation + sum of BS - sum of FS does not equal ending elevation
math error
what is closed traverse
measure distance and angles of polygon
do scales of plan view and profile view have to be the same
no
vertical distance / change in elevation (given zenith angle, SD, elevation, instrument height, and rod height)
slope distance * cos(zenith angle)
horizontal distance (given zenith angle, SD, elevation, instrument height, and rod height)
slope distance * sin(zenith angle)
linear misclosure
square root of ((sum of latitudes)^2 + (sum of departures)^2)
methods of measuring distance as used in class
stadia pacing tape total station
contour interval
the difference in elevation from one contour line to the next
temporary point of elevation
turning point
what are stadia
way to measure distance