CASP+

A threat analyst notices the following URL while going through the Which of the following attack types is the threat analyst seeing? A. SQL injection B. CSRF C. Session hijacking D. XSS

D. XSS

A security analyst is investigating a possible buffer overflow attack. The following output was found on a user's workstation: graphic.linux_randomization.prg Which of the following technologies would mitigate the manipulation of memory segments? A. NX bit B. ASLR C. DEP D. HSM

B. ASLR

A security analyst is concerned that a malicious piece of code was downloaded on a Linux system. After some research, the analyst determines that the suspected piece of code is performing a lot of input/output (I/O) on the disk drive. Based on the output above, from which of the following process IDs can the analyst begin an investigation? A. 65 B. 77 C. 83 D. 87

C. 83

A company undergoing digital transformation is reviewing the resiliency of a CSP and is concerned about meeting SLA requirements in the event of a CSP incident. Which of the following would be BEST to proceed with the transformation? A. An on-premises solution as a backup B. A load balancer with a round-robin configuration C. A multicloud provider solution D. An active-active solution within the same tenant

C. A multicloud provider solution

A company wants to protect its intellectual property from theft. The company has already applied ACLs and DACs. Which of the following should the company use to prevent data theft? A. Watermarking B. DRM C. NDA D. Access logging

B. DRM

A Chief Information Officer is considering migrating all company data to the cloud to save money on expensive SAN storage. Which of the following is a security concern that will MOST likely need to be addressed during migration? A. Latency B. Data exposure C. Data loss D. Data dispersion

B. Data exposure

1: A Natural Disaster may disrupt operation at Site A. Which would then cause an evacuation. Users are unable to log into the domain from their workstation after relocating to Site B. 2. A Natural Disaster may disrupt operation at Site A. Which would then cause the pump room at site B to become inoperable. 3. A Natural Disaster may disrupt operation at Site A. Which would then cause unreliable internet connectivity at Site B due to route flapping.

1: Directory Server 2. SCADA Master Controller 3. VPN Concentration

The goal of a Chief information Security Officer (CISO) providing up-to-date metrics to a bank's risk committee is to ensure: A. Budgeting for cybersecurity increases year over year. B. The committee knows how much work is being done. C. Business units are responsible for their own mitigation. D. The bank is aware of the status of cybersecurity risks

A. Budgeting for cybersecurity increases year over year.

Which of the following controls primarily detects abuse of privilege but does not prevent it? A. Off-boarding B. Separation of duties C. Least privilege D. Job rotation

A. Off-boarding

Which of the following terms refers to the delivery of encryption keys to a CASB or a third-party entity? A. Key sharing B. Key distribution C. Key recovery D. Key escrow

B. Key distribution

Which of the following BEST sets expectation between the security team and business units within an organization? A. Risk assessment B. Memorandum of understanding C. Business impact analysis D. Business partnership agreement E. Services level agreement

C. Business impact analysis

A security auditor needs to review the manner in which an entertainment device operates. The auditor is analyzing the output of a port scanning tool to determine the next steps in the security review. Given the following log output. The best option for the auditor to use NEXT is: A. A SCAP assessment. B. Reverse engineering C. Fuzzing D. Network interception.

A. A SCAP assessment.

A security analyst is reading the results of a successful exploit that was recently conducted by third-party penetration testers. The testers reverse engineered a privileged executable. In the report, the planning and execution of the exploit is detailed using logs and outputs from the test However, the attack vector of the exploit is missing, making it harder to recommend remediation's. Given the following output: The penetration testers MOST likely took advantage of: A. A TOC/TOU vulnerability B. A plain-text password disclosure C. An integer overflow vulnerability D. A buffer overflow vulnerability

A. A TOC/TOU vulnerability

A small company needs to reduce its operating costs. vendors have proposed solutions, which all focus on management of the company's website and services. The Chief information Security Officer (CISO) insist all available resources in the proposal must be dedicated, but managing a private cloud is not an option. Which of the following is the BEST solution for this company? A. Community cloud service model B. Multinency SaaS C. Single-tenancy SaaS D. On-premises cloud service model

A. Community cloud service model

Company A is establishing a contractual with Company B. The terms of the agreement are formalized in a document covering the payment terms, limitation of liability, and intellectual property rights. Which of the following documents will MOST likely contain these elements A. Company A-B SLA v2.docx B. Company A OLA v1b.docx C. Company A MSA v3.docx D. Company A MOU v1.docx E. Company A-B NDA v03.docx

A. Company A-B SLA v2.docx

A company created an external application for its customers. A security researcher now reports that the application has a serious LDAP injection vulnerability that could be leveraged to bypass authentication and authorization. Which of the following actions would BEST resolve the issue? (Choose two.) A. Conduct input sanitization. B. Deploy a SIEM. C. Use containers. D. Patch the OS E. Deploy a WAF. F. Deploy a reverse proxy G. Deploy an IDS.

A. Conduct input sanitization. E. Deploy a WAF.

A security is assisting the marketing department with ensuring the security of the organization's social media platforms. The two main concerns are: The Chief marketing officer (CMO) email is being used department wide as the username The password has been shared within the department Which of the following controls would be BEST for the analyst to recommend? A. Configure MFA for all users to decrease their reliance on other authentication. B. Have periodic, scheduled reviews to determine which OAuth configuration are set for each media platform. C. Create multiple social media accounts for all marketing user to separate their actions. D. Ensue the password being shared is sufficiently and not written down anywhere.

A. Configure MFA for all users to decrease their reliance on other authentication.

A security analyst is investigating a series of suspicious emails by employees to the security team. The email appear to come from a current business partner and do not contain images or URLs. No images or URLs were stripped from the message by the security tools the company uses instead, the emails only include the following in plain text. Test email sent from bp_app01 to external client_app01_mailing_list. Which of the following should the security analyst perform? A. Contact the security department at the business partner and alert them to the email event. B. Block the IP address for the business partner at the perimeter firewall. C. Pull the devices of the affected employees from the network in case they are infected with a zeroday virus. D. Configure the email gateway to automatically quarantine all messages originating from the business partner.

A. Contact the security department at the business partner and alert them to the email event.

A financial services company wants to migrate its email services from on-premises servers to a cloud-based email solution. The Chief information Security Officer (CISO) must brief board of directors on the potential security concerns related to this migration. The board is concerned about the following. - Transactions being required by unauthorized individual - Complete discretion regarding client names, account numbers, and investment information. - Malicious attacker using email to distribute malware and ransom ware. - Exfiltration of sensitivity company information. The cloud-based email solution will provide an6-malware, reputation-based scanning, signaturebased scanning, and sandboxing. Which of the following is the BEST option to resolve the board's concerns for this email migration? A. Data loss prevention B. Endpoint detection response C. SSL VPN D. Application whitelisting

A. Data loss prevention

A satellite communications ISP frequently experiences outages and degraded modes of operation over one of its legacy satellite links due to the use of deprecated hardware and software. Three days per week, on average, a contracted company must follow a checklist of 16 different highlatency commands that must be run in serial to restore nominal performance. The ISP wants this process to be automated. Which of the following techniques would be BEST suited for this requirement? A. Deploy SOAR utilities and runbooks. B. Replace the associated hardware. C. Provide the contractors with direct access to satellite telemetry data. D. Reduce link latency on the affected ground and satellite segments.

A. Deploy SOAR utilities and runbooks.

A company processes data subject to NDAs with partners that define the processing and storage constraints for the covered data. The agreements currently do not permit moving the covered data to the cloud, and the company would like to renegotiate the terms of the agreements. Which of the following would MOST likely help the company gain consensus to move the data to the cloud? A. Designing data protection schemes to mitigate the risk of loss due to multitenancy B. Implementing redundant stores and services across diverse CSPs for high availability C. Emulating OS and hardware architectures to blur operations from CSP view D. Purchasing managed FIM services to alert on detected modifications to covered data

A. Designing data protection schemes to mitigate the risk of loss due to multitenancy

The Chief information Officer (CIO) of a large bank, which uses multiple third-party organizations to deliver a service, is concerned about the handling and security of customer data by the parties. Which of the following should be implemented to BEST manage the risk? A. Establish a review committee that assesses the importance of suppliers and ranks them according to contract renewals. At the time of contract renewal, incorporate designs and operational controls into the contracts and a right-to-audit clause. Regularly assess the supplier's post-contract renewal with a dedicated risk management team. B. Establish a team using members from first line risk, the business unit, and vendor management to assess only design security controls of all suppliers. Store findings from the reviews in a database for all other business units and risk teams to reference. C. Establish an audit program that regularly reviews all suppliers regardless of the data they access, how they access the data, and the type of data, Review all design and operational controls based on best practice standard and report the finding back to upper management. D. Establish a governance program that rates suppliers bas

A. Establish a review committee that assesses the importance of suppliers and ranks them according to contract renewals. At the time of contract renewal, incorporate designs and operational controls into the contracts and a right-to-audit clause. Regularly assess the supplier's post-contract renewal with a dedicated risk management team.

A junior developer is informed about the impact of new malware on an Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) CPU, and the code must be fixed accordingly. Based on the debug, the malware is able to insert itself in another process memory location. Which of the following technologies can the developer enable on the ARM architecture to prevent this type of malware? A. Execute never B. No-execute C. Total memory encryption D. Virtual memory encryption

A. Execute never

A company is repeatedly being breached by hackers who valid credentials. The company's Chief information Security Officer (CISO) has installed multiple controls for authenticating users, including biometric and token-based factors. Each successive control has increased overhead and complexity but has failed to stop further breaches. An external consultant is evaluating the process currently in place to support the authentication controls. Which of the following recommendation would MOST likely reduce the risk of unauthorized access? A. Implement strict three-factor authentication. B. Implement least privilege policies C. Switch to one-time or all user authorizations. D. Strengthen identify-proofing procedures

A. Implement strict three-factor authentication.

The Chief information Officer (CIO) wants to establish a non-banding agreement with a third party that outlines the objectives of the mutual arrangement dealing with data transfers between both organizations before establishing a format partnership. Which of the follow would MOST likely be used? A. MOU B. OLA C. NDA D. SLA

A. MOU

A company is preparing to deploy a global service. Which of the following must the company do to ensure GDPR compliance? (Choose two.) A. Inform users regarding what data is stored. B. Provide opt-in/out for marketing messages. C. Provide data deletion capabilities. D. Provide optional data encryption. E. Grant data access to third parties. F. Provide alternative authentication techniques.

A. Inform users regarding what data is stored. C. Provide data deletion capabilities.

A system administrator at a medical imaging company discovers protected health information (PHI) on a general-purpose file server. Which of the following steps should the administrator take NEXT? A. Isolate all of the PHI on its own VLAN and keep it segregated at Layer 2. B. Take an MD5 hash of the server. C. Delete all PHI from the network until the legal department is consulted. D. Consult the legal department to determine the legal requirements.

A. Isolate all of the PHI on its own VLAN and keep it segregated at Layer 2.

During a remodel, a company's computer equipment was moved to a secure storage room with cameras positioned on both sides of the door. The door is locked using a card reader issued by the security team, and only the security team and department managers have access to the room. The company wants to be able to identify any unauthorized individuals who enter the storage room by following an authorized employee. Which of the following processes would BEST satisfy this requirement? A. Monitor camera footage corresponding to a valid access request. B. Require both security and management to open the door. C. Require department managers to review denied-access requests. D. Issue new entry badges on a weekly basis.

A. Monitor camera footage corresponding to a valid access request.

An e-commerce company is running a web server on premises, and the resource utilization is usually less than 30%. During the last two holiday seasons, the server experienced performance issues because of too many connections, and several customers were not able to finalize purchase orders. The company is looking to change the server configuration to avoid this kind of performance issue. Which of the following is the MOST cost-effective solution? A. Move the server to a cloud provider. B. Change the operating system. C. Buy a new server and create an active-active cluster. D. Upgrade the server with a new one.

A. Move the server to a cloud provider.

A company is looking to fortify its cybersecurity defenses and is focusing on its network infrastructure. The solution cannot affect the availability of the company's services to ensure false positives do not drop legitimate traffic. Which of the following would satisfy the requirement? A. NIDS B. NIPS C. WAF D. Reverse proxy

A. NIDS

An analyst execute a vulnerability scan against an internet-facing DNS server and receives the following report: - Vulnerabilities in Kernel-Mode Driver Could Allow Elevation of Privilege - SSL Medium Strength Cipher Suites Supported - Vulnerability in DNS Resolution Could Allow Remote Code Execution - SMB Host SIDs allows Local User Enumeration Which of the following tools should the analyst use FIRST to validate the most critical vulnerability? A. Password cracker B. Port scanner C. Account enumerator D. Exploitation framework

A. Password cracker

An application developer is including third-party background security fixes in an application. The fixes seem to resolve a currently identified security issue. However, when the application is released to the public, report come In that a previously vulnerability has returned. Which of the following should the developer integrate into the process to BEST prevent this type of behavior? A. Peer review B. Regression testing C. User acceptance D. Dynamic analysis

A. Peer review

A home automation company just purchased and installed tools for its SOC to enable incident identification and response on software the company develops. The company would like to prioritize defenses against the following attack scenarios: - Unauthorized insertions into application development environments - Authorized insiders making unauthorized changes to environment configurations Which of the following actions will enable the data feeds needed to detect these types of attacks on development environments? (Choose two.) A. Perform static code analysis of committed code and generate summary reports. B. Implement an XML gateway and monitor for policy violations. C. Monitor dependency management tools and report on susceptible third-party libraries. D. Install an IDS on the development subnet and passively monitor for vulnerable services. E. Model user behavior and monitor for deviations from normal. F. Continuously monitor code commits to repositories and generate summary logs.

A. Perform static code analysis of committed code and generate summary reports. F. Continuously monitor code commits to repositories and generate summary logs.

A company has hired a security architect to address several service outages on the endpoints due to new malware. The Chief Executive Officer's laptop was impacted while working from home. The goal is to prevent further endpoint disruption. The edge network is protected by a web proxy. Which of the following solutions should the security architect recommend? A. Replace the current antivirus with an EDR solution. B. Remove the web proxy and install a UTM appliance. C. Implement a deny list feature on the endpoints. D. Add a firewall module on the current antivirus solution.

A. Replace the current antivirus with an EDR solution.

The OS on several servers crashed around the same time for an unknown reason. The servers were restored to working condition, and all file integrity was verified. Which of the following should the incident response team perform to understand the crash and prevent it in the future? A. Root cause analysis B. Continuity of operations plan C. After-action report D. Lessons learned

A. Root cause analysis

A company has decided to purchase a license for software that is used to operate a missioncritical process. The third-party developer is new to the industry but is delivering what the company needs at this time. Which of the following BEST describes the reason why utilizing a source code escrow will reduce the operational risk to the company if the third party stops supporting the application? A. The company will have access to the latest version to continue development. B. The company will be able to force the third-party developer to continue support. C. The company will be able to manage the third-party developer's development process. D. The company will be paid by the third-party developer to hire a new development team.

A. The company will have access to the latest version to continue development.

In preparation for the holiday season, a company redesigned the system that manages retail sales and moved it to a cloud service provider. The new infrastructure did not meet the company's availability requirements. During a postmortem analysis, the following issues were highlighted: 1. International users reported latency when images on the web page were initially loading. 2. During times of report processing, users reported issues with inventory when attempting to place orders. 3. Despite the fact that ten new API servers were added, the load across servers was heavy at peak times. Which of the following infrastructure design changes would be BEST for the organization to implement to avoid these issues in the future? A. Serve static content via distributed CDNs, create a read replica of the central database and pull reports from there, and auto-scale API servers based on performance. B. Increase the bandwidth for the server that delivers images, use a CDN, change the database to a non-relational database, and split the ten API servers across two load balancers. C. Serve images from an object storage bucket with infrequent read times, replicate the database across different regions,

A. Serve static content via distributed CDNs, create a read replica of the central database and pull reports from there, and auto-scale API servers based on performance.

An engineering team is developing and deploying a fleet of mobile devices to be used for specialized inventory management purposes. These devices should: - Be based on open-source Android for user familiarity and ease. - Provide a single application for inventory management of physical assets. - Permit use of the camera be only the inventory application for the purposes of scanning - Disallow any and all configuration baseline modifications. - restrict all access to any device resource other than those required for use of the inventory management application Which of the following approaches would best meet these security requirements? A. Set an application wrapping policy, wrap the application, distributes the inventory APK via the MAM tool, and test the application restrictions. B. Write a MAC sepolicy that defines domains with rules, label the inventory application, build the policy, and set to enforcing mode. C. Swap out Android Linux kernel version for >2,4,0, but the internet build Android, remove unnecessary functions via MDL, configure to block network access, and perform integration testing D. Build and install an Android middleware policy with requirements added, copy the

A. Set an application wrapping policy, wrap the application, distributes the inventory APK via the MAM tool, and test the application restrictions.

During a system penetration test, a security engineer successfully gained access to a shell on a Linux host as a standard user and wants to elevate the privilege levels. Which of the following is a valid Linux post-exploitation method to use to accomplish this goal? A. Spawn a shell using sudo and an escape string such as sudo vim -c `!sh'. B. Perform ASIC password cracking on the host. C. Read the /etc/passwd file to extract the usernames. D. Initiate unquoted service path exploits. E. Use the UNION operator to extract the database schema.

A. Spawn a shell using sudo and an escape string such as sudo vim -c `!sh'.

A cybersecurity engineer analyst a system for vulnerabilities. The tool created an OVAL. Results document as output. Which of the following would enable the engineer to interpret the results in a human readable form? (Choose two.) A. Text editor B. OOXML editor C. Event Viewer D. XML style sheet E. SCAP tool F. Debugging utility

A. Text editor E. SCAP tool

A security engineer is troubleshooting an issue in which an employee is getting an IP address in the range on the wired network. The engineer plus another PC into the same port, and that PC gets an IP address in the correct range. The engineer then puts the employee' PC on the wireless network and finds the PC still not get an IP address in the proper range. The PC is up to date on all software and antivirus definitions, and the IP address is not an APIPA address. Which of the following is MOST likely the problem? A. The company is using 802.1x for VLAN assignment, and the user or computer is in the wrong group. B. The DHCP server has a reservation for the PC's MAC address for the wired interface. C. The WiFi network is using WPA2 Enterprise, and the computer certificate has the wrong IP address in the SAN field. D. The DHCP server is unavailable, so no IP address is being sent back to the PC.

A. The company is using 802.1x for VLAN assignment, and the user or computer is in the wrong group.

A Chief information Security Officer (CISO) is developing corrective-action plans based on the following from a vulnerability scan of internal hosts: Which of the following MOST appropriate corrective action to document for this finding? A. The product owner should perform a business impact assessment regarding the ability to implement a WAF. B. The application developer should use a static code analysis tool to ensure any application code is not vulnerable to buffer overflows. C. The system administrator should evaluate dependencies and perform upgrade as necessary. D. The security operations center should develop a custom IDS rule to prevent attacks buffer overflows against this server.

A. The product owner should perform a business impact assessment regarding the ability to implement a WAF.

A developer wants to maintain integrity to each module of a program and ensure the code cannot be altered by malicious users. Which of the following would be BEST for the developer to perform? (Choose two.) A. Utilize code signing by a trusted third party. B. Implement certificate-based authentication. C. Verify MD5 hashes. D. Compress the program with a password. E. Encrypt with 3DES. F. Make the DACL read-only.

A. Utilize code signing by a trusted third party. B. Implement certificate-based authentication.

A security engineer thinks the development team has been hard-coding sensitive environment variables in its code. Which of the following would BEST secure the company's CI/CD pipeline? A. Utilizing a trusted secrets manager B. Performing DAST on a weekly basis C. Introducing the use of container orchestration D. Deploying instance tagging

A. Utilizing a trusted secrets manager

A company requires a task to be carried by more than one person concurrently. This is an example of: A. separation of d duties. B. dual control C. least privilege D. job rotation

A. separation of d duties.

A SOC analyst is reviewing malicious activity on an external, exposed web server. During the investigation, the analyst determines specific traffic is not being logged, and there is no visibility from the WAF for the web application. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause? A. The user agent client is not compatible with the WAF. B. A certificate on the WAF is expired. C. HTTP traffic is not forwarding to HTTPS to decrypt. D. Old, vulnerable cipher suites are still being used.

B. A certificate on the WAF is expired.

Immediately following the report of a potential breach, a security engineer creates a forensic image of the server in question as part of the organization incident response procedure. Which of the must occur to ensure the integrity of the image? A. The image must be password protected against changes. B. A hash value of the image must be computed. C. The disk containing the image must be placed in a seated container. D. A duplicate copy of the image must be maintained

B. A hash value of the image must be computed.

A security analyst is researching containerization concepts for an organization. The analyst is concerned about potential resource exhaustion scenarios on the Docker host due to a single application that is overconsuming available resources. Which of the following core Linux concepts BEST reflects the ability to limit resource allocation to containers? A. Union filesystem overlay B. Cgroups C. Linux namespaces D. Device mapper

B. Cgroups

A company is implementing SSL inspection. During the next six months, multiple web applications that will be separated out with subdomains will be deployed. Which of the following will allow the inspection of the data without multiple certificate deployments? A. Include all available cipher suites. B. Create a wildcard certificate. C. Use a third-party CA. D. Implement certificate pinning

B. Create a wildcard certificate.

A financial institution has several that currently employ the following controls: - The severs follow a monthly patching cycle. - All changes must go through a change management process. - Developers and systems administrators must log into a jumpbox to access the servers hosting the data using two-factor authentication. - The servers are on an isolated VLAN and cannot be directly accessed from the internal production network. An outage recently occurred and lasted several days due to an upgrade that circumvented the approval process. Once the security team discovered an unauthorized patch was installed, they were able to resume operations within an hour. Which of the following should the security administrator recommend to reduce the time to resolution if a similar incident occurs in the future? A. Require more than one approver for all change management requests. B. Implement file integrity monitoring with automated alerts on the servers. C. Disable automatic patch update capabilities on the servers D. Enhanced audit logging on the jump servers and ship the logs to the SIEM.

B. Implement file integrity monitoring with automated alerts on the servers.

A company provides guest WiFi access to the internet and physically separates the guest network from the company's internal WIFI. Due to a recent incident in which an attacker gained access to the compay's intend WIFI, the company plans to configure WPA2 Enterprise in an EAP-TLS configuration. Which of the following must be installed on authorized hosts for this new configuration to work properly? A. Active Directory OPOs B. PKI certificates C. Host-based firewall D. NAC persistent agent

B. PKI certificates

Ann, a CIRT member, is conducting incident response activities on a network that consists of several hundred virtual servers and thousands of endpoints and users. The network generates more than 10,000 log messages per second. The enterprise belong to a large, web-based cryptocurrency startup, Ann has distilled the relevant information into an easily digestible report for executive management . However, she still needs to collect evidence of the intrusion that caused the incident. Which of the following should Ann use to gather the required information? A. Traffic interceptor log analysis B. Log reduction and visualization tools C. Proof of work analysis D. Ledger analysis software

B. Log reduction and visualization tools

A threat hunting team receives a report about possible APT activity in the network. Which of the following threat management frameworks should the team implement? A. NIST SP 800-53 B. MITRE ATT&CK C. The Cyber Kill Chain D. The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis

B. MITRE ATT&CK

An organization is implementing a new identity and access management architecture with the following objectives: - Supporting MFA against on-premises infrastructure - Improving the user experience by integrating with SaaS applications - Applying risk-based policies based on location - Performing just-in-time provisioning Which of the following authentication protocols should the organization implement to support these requirements? A. Kerberos and TACACS B. SAML and RADIUS C. OAuth and OpenID D. OTP and 802.1X

B. SAML and RADIUS

Which of the following are risks associated with vendor lock-in? (Choose two.) A. The client can seamlessly move data. B. The vendor can change product offerings. C. The client receives a sufficient level of service. D. The client experiences decreased quality of service. E. The client can leverage a multicloud approach. F. The client experiences increased interoperability.

B. The vendor can change product offerings. D. The client experiences decreased quality of service.

A security analyst is validating the MAC policy on a set of Android devices. The policy was written to ensure non-critical applications are unable to access certain resources. When reviewing dmesg, the analyst notes many entries such as: Despite the deny message, this action was still permit following is the MOST likely fix for this issue? A. Add the objects of concern to the default context. B. Set the devices to enforcing C. Create separate domain and context files for irc. D. Rebuild the policy, reinstall, and test.

B. Set the devices to enforcing

A company is moving most of its customer-facing production systems to the cloud-facing production systems to the cloud. IaaS is the service model being used. The Chief Executive Officer is concerned about the type of encryption available and requires the solution must have the highest level of security. Which of the following encryption methods should the cloud security engineer select during the implementation phase? A. Instance-based B. Storage-based C. Proxy-based D. Array controller-based

B. Storage-based

A new web server must comply with new secure-by-design principles and PCI DSS. This includes mitigating the risk of an on-path attack. A security analyst is reviewing the following web server configuration: Which of the following ciphers should the security analyst remove to support the business requirements? A. TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256 B. TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA C. TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 D. TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256

B. TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA

A company plans to build an entirely remote workforce that utilizes a cloud-based infrastructure. The Chief Information Security Officer asks the security engineer to design connectivity to meet the following requirements: - Only users with corporate-owned devices can directly access servers hosted by the cloud provider. - The company can control what SaaS applications each individual user can access. - User browser activity can be monitored. Which of the following solutions would BEST meet these requirements? A. IAM gateway, MDM, and reverse proxy B. VPN, CASB, and secure web gateway C. SSL tunnel, DLP, and host-based firewall D. API gateway, UEM, and forward proxy

B. VPN, CASB, and secure web gateway

An organization is referencing NIST best practices for BCP creation while reviewing current internal organizational processes for mission-essential items. Which of the following phases establishes the identification and prioritization of critical systems and functions? A. Review a recent gap analysis. B. Perform a cost-benefit analysis. C. Conduct a business impact analysis. D. Develop an exposure factor matrix.

C. Conduct a business impact analysis.

A security analyst notices a number of SIEM events that show the following activity: Which of the following response actions should the analyst take FIRST? A. Disable powershell.exe on all Microsoft Windows endpoints. B. Restart Microsoft Windows Defender. C. Configure the forward proxy to block 40.90.23.154. D. Disable local administrator privileges on the endpoints.

C. Configure the forward proxy to block 40.90.23.154.

Due to locality and budget constraints, an organization's satellite office has a lower bandwidth allocation than other offices in the organization. As a result, the local security infrastructure staff is assessing architectural options that will help preserve network bandwidth and increase speed to both internal and external resources while not sacrificing threat visibility. Which of the following would be the BEST option to implement? A. Distributed connection allocation B. Local caching C. Content delivery network D. SD-WAN vertical heterogeneity

C. Content delivery network

A company in the financial sector receives a substantial number of customer transaction requests via email. While doing a root-cause analysis conceding a security breach, the CIRT correlates an unusual spike in port 80 traffic from the IP address of a desktop used by a customer relations employee who has access to several of the compromised accounts. Subsequent antivirus scans of the device do not return an findings, but the CIRT finds undocumented services running on the device. Which of the following controls would reduce the discovery time for similar in the future. A. Implementing application blacklisting B. Configuring the mall to quarantine incoming attachment automatically C. Deploying host-based firewalls and shipping the logs to the SIEM D. Increasing the cadence for antivirus DAT updates to twice daily

C. Deploying host-based firewalls and shipping the logs to the SIEM

A cybersecurity analyst created the following tables to help determine the maximum budget amount the business can justify spending on an improved email filtering system: Which of the following meets the budget needs of the business? A. Filter ABC B. Filter XYZ C. Filter GHI D. Filter TUV

C. Filter GHI

A Chief information Security Officer (CISO) has launched to create a rebuts BCP/DR plan for the entire company. As part of the initiative , the security team must gather data supporting s operational importance for the applications used by the business and determine the order in which the application must be back online. Which of the following be the FIRST step taken by the team? A. Perform a review of all policies an procedures related to BGP a and DR and created an educated educational module that can be assigned to at employees to provide training on BCP/DR events. B. Create an SLA for each application that states when the application will come back online and distribute this information to the business units. C. Have each business unit conduct a BIA and categories the application according to the cumulative data gathered. D. Implement replication of all servers and application data to back up detacenters that are geographically from the central datacenter and release an upload BPA to all clients.

C. Have each business unit conduct a BIA and categories the application according to the cumulative data gathered.

Device event logs sources from MDM software as follows: Which of the following security concerns and response actions would BEST address the risks posed by the device in the logs? A. Malicious installation of an application; change the MDM configuration to remove application ID 1220. B. Resource leak; recover the device for analysis and clean up the local storage. C. Impossible travel; disable the device's account and access while investigating. D. Falsified status reporting; remotely wipe the device.

C. Impossible travel; disable the device's account and access while investigating.

Clients are reporting slowness when attempting to access a series of load-balanced APIs that do not require authentication. The servers that host the APIs are showing heavy CPU utilization. No alerts are found on the WAFs sitting in front of the APIs. Which of the following should a security engineer recommend to BEST remedy the performance issues in a timely manner? A. Implement rate limiting on the API. B. Implement geoblocking on the WAF. C. Implement OAuth 2.0 on the API. D. Implement input validation on the API.

C. Implement OAuth 2.0 on the API.

Over the last 90 days, many storage services has been exposed in the cloud services environments, and the security team does not have the ability to see is creating these instance. Shadow IT is creating data services and instances faster than the small security team can keep up with them. The Chief information security Officer (CIASO) has asked the security officer (CISO) has asked the security lead architect to architect to recommend solutions to this problem. Which of the following BEST addresses the problem best address the problem with the least amount of administrative effort? A. Compile a list of firewall requests and compare than against interesting cloud services. B. Implement a CASB solution and track cloud service use cases for greater visibility. C. Implement a user-behavior system to associate user events and cloud service creation events. D. Capture all log and feed then to a SIEM and then for cloud service events

C. Implement a user-behavior system to associate user events and cloud service creation events.

A company's claims processed department has a mobile workforce that receives a large number of email submissions from personal email addresses. An employees recently received an email that approved to be claim form, but it installed malicious software on the employee's laptop when was opened. A. Impalement application whitelisting and add only the email client to the whitelist for laptop in the claims processing department. B. Required all laptops to connect to the VPN before accessing email. C. Implement cloud-based content filtering with sandboxing capabilities. D. Install a mail gateway to scan incoming messages and strip attachments before they reach the mailbox.

C. Implement cloud-based content filtering with sandboxing capabilities.

A small business requires a low-cost approach to theft detection for the audio recordings it produces and sells. Which of the following techniques will MOST likely meet the business's needs? A. Performing deep-packet inspection of all digital audio files B. Adding identifying filesystem metadata to the digital audio files C. Implementing steganography D. Purchasing and installing a DRM suite

C. Implementing steganography

An energy company is required to report the average pressure of natural gas used over the past quarter. A PLC sends data to a historian server that creates the required reports. Which of the following historian server locations will allow the business to get the required reports in an OT and IT environment? A. In the OT environment, use a VPN from the IT environment into the OT environment. B. In the OT environment, allow IT traffic into the OT environment. C. In the IT environment, allow PLCs to send data from the OT environment to the IT environment. D. Use a screened subnet between the OT and IT environments.

C. In the IT environment, allow PLCs to send data from the OT environment to the IT environment.

Ransomware encrypted the entire human resources fileshare for a large financial institution. Security operations personnel were unaware of the activity until it was too late to stop it. The restoration will take approximately four hours, and the last backup occurred 48 hours ago. The management team has indicated that the RPO for a disaster recovery event for this data classification is 24 hours. Based on RPO requirements, which of the following recommendations should the management team make? A. Leave the current backup schedule intact and pay the ransom to decrypt the data. B. Leave the current backup schedule intact and make the human resources fileshare read-only. C. Increase the frequency of backups and create SIEM alerts for IOCs. D. Decrease the frequency of backups and pay the ransom to decrypt the data.

C. Increase the frequency of backups and create SIEM alerts for IOCs.

An organization is designing a network architecture that must meet the following requirements: Users will only be able to access predefined services. Each user will have a unique allow list defined for access. The system will construct one-to-one subject/object access paths dynamically. Which of the following architectural designs should the organization use to meet these requirements? A. Peer-to-peer secure communications enabled by mobile applications B. Proxied application data connections enabled by API gateways C. Microsegmentation enabled by software-defined networking D. VLANs enabled by network infrastructure devices

C. Microsegmentation enabled by software-defined networking

The Chief information Security Officer (CISO) of a small locate bank has a compliance requirement that a third-party penetration test of the core banking application must be conducted annually. Which of the following services would fulfill the compliance requirement with the LOWEST resource usage? A. Black-box testing B. Gray-box testing C. Red-team hunting D. White-box testing E. Blue-learn exercises

C. Red-team hunting

An organization is considering a BYOD standard to support remote working. The first iteration of the solution will utilize only approved collaboration applications and the ability to move corporate data between those applications. The security team has concerns about the following: - Unstructured data being exfiltrated after an employee leaves the organization - Data being exfiltrated as a result of compromised credentials - Sensitive information in emails being exfiltrated Which of the following solutions should the security team implement to mitigate the risk of data loss? A. Mobile device management, remote wipe, and data loss detection B. Conditional access, DoH, and full disk encryption C. Mobile application management, MFA, and DRM D. Certificates, DLP, and geofencing

C. Mobile application management, MFA, and DRM

An organization recently started processing, transmitting, and storing its customers' credit card information. Within a week of doing so, the organization suffered a massive breach that resulted in the exposure of the customers' information. Which of the following provides the BEST guidance for protecting such information while it is at rest and in transit? A. NIST B. GDPR C. PCI DSS D. ISO

C. PCI DSS

An organization recently experienced a ransomware attack. The security team leader is concerned about the attack reoccurring. However, no further security measures have been implemented. Which of the following processes can be used to identify potential prevention recommendations? A. Detection B. Remediation C. Preparation D. Recovery

C. Preparation

A company suspects a web server may have been infiltrated by a rival corporation. The security engineer reviews the web server logs and finds the following: ls -l -a /usr/heinz/public; cat ./config/db.yml The security engineer looks at the code with a developer, and they determine the log entry is created when the following line is run: system ("ls -l -a #{path}") Which of the following is an appropriate security control the company should implement? A. Restrict directory permission to read-only access. B. Use server-side processing to avoid XSS vulnerabilities in path input. C. Separate the items in the system call to prevent command injection. D. Parameterize a query in the path variable to prevent SQL injection.

C. Separate the items in the system call to prevent command injection.

An organization is preparing to migrate its production environment systems from an on-premises environment to a cloud service. The lead security architect is concerned that the organization's current methods for addressing risk may not be possible in the cloud environment. Which of the following BEST describes the reason why traditional methods of addressing risk may not be possible in the cloud? A. Migrating operations assumes the acceptance of all risk. B. Cloud providers are unable to avoid risk. C. Specific risks cannot be transferred to the cloud provider. D. Risks to data in the cloud cannot be mitigated.

C. Specific risks cannot be transferred to the cloud provider.

An application server was recently upgraded to prefer TLS 1.3, and now users are unable to connect their clients to the server. Attempts to reproduce the error are confirmed, and clients are reporting the following: ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH Which of the following is MOST likely the root cause? A. The client application is testing PFS. B. The client application is configured to use ECDHE. C. The client application is configured to use RC4. D. The client application is configured to use AES-256 in GCM.

C. The client application is configured to use RC4.

A security engineer was auditing an organization's current software development practice and discovered that multiple open-source libraries were Integrated into the organization's software. The organization currently performs SAST and DAST on the software it develops. Which of the following should the organization incorporate into the SDLC to ensure the security of the open-source libraries? A. Perform additional SAST/DAST on the open-source libraries. B. Implement the SDLC security guidelines. C. Track the library versions and monitor the CVE website for related vulnerabilities. D. Perform unit testing of the open-source libraries.

C. Track the library versions and monitor the CVE website for related vulnerabilities.

A company's employees are not permitted to access company systems while traveling internationally. The company email system is configured to block logins based on geographic location, but some employees report their mobile phones continue to sync email traveling . Which of the following is the MOST likely explanation? (Choose two.) A. Outdated escalation attack B. Privilege escalation attack C. VPN on the mobile device D. Unrestricted email administrator accounts E. Chief use of UDP protocols F. Disabled GPS on mobile devices

C. VPN on the mobile device F. Disabled GPS on mobile devices

All staff at a company have started working remotely due to a global pandemic. To transition to remote work, the company has migrated to SaaS collaboration tools. The human resources department wants to use these tools to process sensitive information but is concerned the data could be: - Leaked to the media via printing of the documents - Sent to a personal email address - Accessed and viewed by systems administrators - Uploaded to a file storage site Which of the following would mitigate the department's concerns? A. Data loss detection, reverse proxy, EDR, and PGP B. VDI, proxy, CASB, and DRM C. Watermarking, forward proxy, DLP, and MFA D. Proxy, secure VPN, endpoint encryption, and AV

C. Watermarking, forward proxy, DLP, and MFA

A technician is reviewing the logs and notices a large number of files were transferred to remote sites over the course of three months. This activity then stopped. The files were transferred via TLS-protected HTTP sessions from systems that do not send traffic to those sites. The technician will define this threat as: A. a decrypting RSA using obsolete and weakened encryption attack. B. a zero-day attack. C. an advanced persistent threat. D. an on-path attack.

C. an advanced persistent threat.

Which of the following is the MOST important security objective when applying cryptography to control messages that tell an ICS how much electrical power to output? A. Importing the availability of messages B. Ensuring non-repudiation of messages C. Enforcing protocol conformance for messages D. Assuring the integrity of messages

D. Assuring the integrity of messages

A developer is creating a new mobile application for a company. The application uses REST API and TLS 1.2 to communicate securely with the external back-end server. Due to this configuration, the company is concerned about HTTPS interception attacks. Which of the following would be the BEST solution against this type of attack? A. Cookies B. Wildcard certificates C. HSTS D. Certificate pinning

D. Certificate pinning

Which of the following allows computation and analysis of data within a ciphertext without knowledge of the plaintext? A. Lattice-based cryptography B. Quantum computing C. Asymmetric cryptography D. Homomorphic encryption

D. Homomorphic encryption

Which of the following is a benefit of using steganalysis techniques in forensic response? A. Breaking a symmetric cipher used in secure voice communications B. Determining the frequency of unique attacks against DRM-protected media C. Maintaining chain of custody for acquired evidence D. Identifying least significant bit encoding of data in a .wav file

D. Identifying least significant bit encoding of data in a .wav file

A developer implement the following code snippet. catch (Exception e) { if (log.isDebugEnabled()) { log.debug (''Caught InvalidGSMException Exception + e.toString ()); } } Which of the following vulnerabilities does the code snippet resolve? A. SQL inject B. Buffer overflow C. Missing session limit D. Information leakage

D. Information leakage

A systems administrator is in the process of hardening the host systems before connecting to the network. The administrator wants to add protection to the boot loader to ensure the hosts are secure before the OS fully boots. Which of the following would provide the BEST boot loader protection? A. TPM B. HSM C. PKI D. UEFI/BIOS

D. UEFI/BIOS

A company hired a third party to develop software as part of its strategy to be quicker to market. The company's policy outlines the following requirements: - The credentials used to publish production software to the container registry should be stored in a secure location. - Access should be restricted to the pipeline service account, without the ability for the third-party developer to read the credentials directly. Which of the following would be the BEST recommendation for storing and monitoring access to these shared credentials? A. TPM B. Local secure password file C. MFA D. Key vault

D. Key vault

A vulnerability analyst identified a zero-day vulnerability in a company's internally developed software. Since the current vulnerability management system does not have any checks for this vulnerability, an engineer has been asked to create one. Which of the following would be BEST suited to meet these requirements? A. ARF B. ISACs C. Node.js D. OVAL

D. OVAL

A security architect is implementing a web application that uses a database back end. Prior to the production, the architect is concerned about the possibility of XSS attacks and wants to identify security controls that could be put in place to prevent these attacks. Which of the following sources could the architect consult to address this security concern? A. SDLC B. OVAL C. IEEE D. OWASP

D. OWASP

A health company has reached the physical and computing capabilities in its datacenter, but the computing demand continues to increase. The infrastructure is fully virtualized and runs custom and commercial healthcare application that process sensitive health and payment information. Which of the following should the company implement to ensure it can meet the computing demand while complying with healthcare standard for virtualization and cloud computing? A. Hybrid IaaS solution in a single-tenancy cloud B. Pass solution in a multinency cloud C. SaaS solution in a community cloud D. Private SaaS solution in a single tenancy cloud.

D. Private SaaS solution in a single tenancy cloud.

A disaster recovery team learned of several mistakes that were made during the last disaster recovery parallel test. Computational resources ran out at 70% of restoration of critical services. Which of the following should be modified to prevent the issue from reoccurring? A. Recovery point objective B. Recovery time objective C. Mission-essential functions D. Recovery service level

D. Recovery service level

A cybersecurity analyst receives a ticket that indicates a potential incident is occurring. There has been a large in log files generated by a generated by a website containing a `'Contact US'' form. The analyst must determine if the increase in website traffic is due to a recent marketing campaign of if this is a potential incident. Which of the following would BEST assist the analyst? A. Ensuring proper input validation is configured on the `'Contact US'' form B. Deploy a WAF in front of the public website C. Checking for new rules from the inbound network IPS vendor D. Running the website log files through a log reduction and analysis tool

D. Running the website log files through a log reduction and analysis tool

A company that uses AD is migrating services from LDAP to secure LDAP. During the pilot phase, services are not connecting properly to secure LDAP. Block is an except of output from the troubleshooting session: openssl s_client -host ldapl.comptia.com -port 636 CONNECTED (00000003) ... ----- BEGIN CERTIFICATE ----- ... ----- END CERTIFICATE ----- Subject =/CN=* Comptia.com / Issuer = / DC = com / DC = danville / CN = chicago Which of the following BEST explains why secure LDAP is not working? (Choose two.) A. The clients may not trust idapt by default. B. The secure LDAP service is not started, so no connections can be made. C. Danvills.com is under a DDoS-inator attack and cannot respond to OCSP requests. D. Secure LDAP should be running on UDP rather than TCP. E. The company is using the wrong port. It should be using port 389 for secure LDAP. F. Secure LDAP does not support wildcard certificates. G. The clients may not trust Chicago by default.

D. Secure LDAP should be running on UDP rather than TCP. F. Secure LDAP does not support wildcard certificates.

A security analyst is trying to identify the source of a recent data loss incident. The analyst has reviewed all the for the time surrounding the identified all the assets on the network at the time of the data loss. The analyst suspects the key to finding the source was obfuscated in an application. Which of the following tools should the analyst use NEXT? A. Software Decomplier B. Network enurrerator C. Log reduction and analysis tool D. Static code analysis

D. Static code analysis

A small company recently developed prototype technology for a military program. The company's security engineer is concerned about potential theft of the newly developed, proprietary information. Which of the following should the security engineer do to BEST manage the threats proactively? A. Join an information-sharing community that is relevant to the company. B. Leverage the MITRE ATT&CK framework to map the TTR. C. Use OSINT techniques to evaluate and analyze the threats. D. Update security awareness training to address new threats, such as best practices for data security.

D. Update security awareness training to address new threats, such as best practices for data security.

An enterprise is deploying APIs that utilize a private key and a public key to ensure the connection string is protected. To connect to the API, customers must use the private key. Which of the following would BEST secure the REST API connection to the database while preventing the use of a hard-coded string in the request string? A. Implement a VPN for all APIs. B. Sign the key with DSA. C. Deploy MFA for the service accounts. D. Utilize HMAC for the keys.

D. Utilize HMAC for the keys.