Ch. 1

What was the earliest documentation of the EMS?

1790's

Most EMT courses today are based on models developed by the?

DOT

Who developed the modern EMS system?

Department of Transportation ( DOT )

Of the four nationally recognized levels of EMS​ training, which one has the least number of classroom hours and skills​ taught?

Emergency Medical Responder

What is the MOST common destination facility to which an EMT will be transporting​ patients?

Hospital emergency department

when was the modern EMS system developed in the U.S?

In 1966 the national highway safety act charged the department of transportation with the developing EMS standards and assisting the states to upgrade the quality of their pre hospital care.

What lessons learned from the Korean and Vietnam conflicts have MOST affected​ modern-day EMS?

Injured soldiers benefited from emergency care provided before transport.

What do many fire departments require of an​ employee?

Many fire departments require their firefighters to be​ cross-trained as EMTs.

NHTSA

National Highway Traffic Safety Association

NREMT

National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians

For​ evidence-based research to be MOST applicable to the prehospital​ environment, which of the following conditions is​ important?

The research should be conducted in the prehospital environment.

As an EMT you will be one of the many persons and professionals that come together to form an EMS system True or False

True

As an EMT, your authority to give medications and provide emergency care is an extension of the medical director's license to practice medicine. True or False

True

Quality improvements is designed and performed to ensure that the public receives the highest quality of prehospital care True or False

True

Striving for quality in the care you personally give patients and as a collective part of an ambulance squad is to uphold the highest standard of the EMS system. True or False

True

The care of the individual patient requires may range from simple emotional support to life saving CPR True or False

True

You must never abandon care of the patient at the hospital until transfer to hospital personnel had been properly completed. True or False

True

the aspect of the EMT's job that involves protecting the patients rights is?

advocacy

To receive the highest quality of​ care, some patients need to be transported to special​ facilities, such as patients who​ have:

been critically burned or had a stroke.

evidence based

description of medical techniques or practices that are supported by scientific evidence of their safety and efficacy, rather than merely by supposition and tradition.

regulations and policy

each state ems system must have in place enabling legislative (laws that allow the system to exist), a lead EMS agency, funding mechanism, regulations, policies, and procedures

evaluation

each state must have an program for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of the EMS system.

The first priority of the EMT on the emergency scene is to?

ensure personal safety

The decision to abandon a particular EMS intervention secondary to the discovery that it does NOT contribute to a positive patient outcome would be an example​ of:

evidence-based research.

Which step in the​ evidence-based medicine process deals with the concept of deciding what aspect of emergency medicine to​ investigate?

formulating the research question or hypothesis.

The _______ is legally responsible for the clinical and patient care aspects of an EMS system

medical director

An order form the EMS systems on-duty physician given by radio or phone is an example of?

on-line medical direction

on-line medical direction

orders from the on duty physician given directly to an EMT in the field by radio or phone.

medical direction

oversight of the patient-care aspects of an EMS system by the medical director

The first concern of an EMT always must be ______ safety

personal

The expectation that an EMT will demonstrate good listening skills is considered​ a(n):

personal trait

As a EMT wat is your role during the quality improvement process?

preparing carefully written documentation, becoming involved in the quality process, obtaining feedback fro patients and the hospitals staff, maintaining your equipment, continuing your education

One of your roles and responsibilities as an EMT is patient advocacy. This means that as an emergency care​ provider, you are responsible​ for:

protecting the​ patient's rights.

What are desirable personal and physical attributes of the EMT?

some desirable personal and physical attributes of the EMT include being in good health, and able to lift and carry up to 125lbs, having good eyesight and hearing and being able to clearly communicate in written or oral forms, being pleasant, sincere, cooperative, resourceful, a self starter, emotionally stable, able to lead, and neat and clean.

what are some the special designations that hospitals may have? name the specialty centers you have in your region.

special designations of hospitals include trauma, burn, pediatric, poison control, cardiac, and stroke centers.

A policy set by an EMS medical director that allows EMT's the administer glucose to the patients in certain circumstances without speaking to the physician is an example of an?

standing order

off-line medical direction

standing orders issued by the medical director that allow EMT's to give certain medications or perform certain procedures without speaking to the medical director or another physician.

what is the difference between on-line and off-line medical direction?

the difference between on-line and off-line medical direction is that on-line medical direction. the on duty physician gives orders directly to the EMT by telephone or radio. In off-line medical direction the EMT carries out the written standing orders from the medical director.

What are the four national levels of EMS training and certification?

the four national levels of EMS training and certification are EMR, EMT, AEMT and paramedic

patient outcomes

the long term survival of patients

What are the roles and responsibilities of the EMT?

the roles and responsibilities of the EMT include safety of the crew, patient, bystanders, patient assessment, patient care, lifting and moving; transport; transfer of care, patient advocacy, and promotion of public health and safety.

resource management

there must be a centralized coordination of resource so that all victims of trauma or medical emergencies have equal access to basic emergency care and transport by certified personnel, in licensed and equipped ambulance, to an appropriate facility

what is the best way to contact medical direction in a rural area?

through a land line phone

you are devoting a considerable amount of time to become an EMT. How do you plan on to refresh yor knowledge and stay current once you are out of the class room?

you can continually refresh your knowledge and skill performance by taking advantage of conferences, seminars, lectures, classes, videos, and demonstrations. Review literature and study evidence based research.

A term for treatments backed by research that proves that the interventions have positive effects in patient care​ is:

As medical practice has​ evolved, the science component has become more emphasized through the concept of​ evidence-based medicine.​ Evidence-based medicine focuses on research to provide clear evidence that certain​ procedures, medications, and equipment improve the​ patient's outcome.

You have just read an EMS article stating that the use of a backboard is not necessary for a patient with neck pain if the cervical vertebrae were cleared with an​ X-ray. Why is this research NOT applicable to your EMS​ system?

Because EMS does not have access to​ X-ray findings when determining when to immobilize a patient

The level of the EMS that involves medical training for those who are usually first on the scene of an emergency is?

Emergency medical responder

Certification as an EMT requires only that the person successfully complete the DOT EMT- National standard training program True or False

False

Good personality traits are really not very important to the EMT True or False

False

Good quality continuing education can often take the place of an original EMT True or False

False

Keeping yourself safe is your second priority after patient safety wen providing medical care. True or False

False

The EMT has no direct role in the quality improvement process. True or False

False

Trauma centers are not considered "speciality" hospitals True or False

False

Holding an NREMT certification may help you in which of the following​ situations?

Gaining reciprocity

the system of internal and external reviews and audits for all aspects of an emergency medical system is known as?

Quality improvements

Refresher courses for EMTs are​ required:

Refresher courses are typically required every 2 to 4 years in order to maintain EMT certification or licensure. The NREMT certification period is 2 years and always has a March 31 expiration date.

Which step in the​ evidence-based medicine process deals with the concept of determining what we already know about a particular intervention or​ situation?

Searching medical literature

what are the primary components of the EMS system?

The components of the ems system are 911 and emergency medical dispatchers, emergency medical responder, emts (all levels) and ambulances, emergency departments, and other hospital units.

medical director

a physician who assumes ultimate responsibility for the patient care aspects of the ems system.

standing orders

a policy or protocol issued by a medical director that authorizes EMT's and others to perform particular skills in certain situations.

What is the definition of the term quality improvement?

a process of continuous self review with the purpose of identifying and correcting aspects of the system the require improvements.

quality improvements

a process of continuous self-review with the purpose of identifying and correcting aspects of the system that requires improvement.

An enhanced 911 system allows the emergency dispatcher​ to:

immediately access the phone number and address from which the call is being made.

trauma systems

in each state, enabling legislation must exist to develop a trauma system including one or more trauma centers, triage and transfer guidelines for trauma patients, rehab programs, data collections, mandatory autopsies, and means for managing and ensuring the quality of the system

The EMS system has many roles in the public health sector what are they?

injury prevention for geriatric patients, injury prevention for youth, public vaccination programs, disease surveillance

You respond to the residence of a senior citizen who has fallen. You make an observation about slippery throw rugs on the living room floor and bring this to the attention of the patient and her family. This is an example​ of:

injury prevention.

protocols

list of steps, such as assessments and interventions, to be taken in different situations. this developed by the medical director of the ems system.

An EMT is operating as a designated agent of the?

medical director