ch 12: hearing

which of these does not belong with the others? pinna,external ear, ceremonious glands, malleus

All of these terms are related to the external ear but the malleus is a middle ear bone.

The intensity of sounds is measured in units of

Db

The following belong together except which one? A) incus B) tympanic cavity C) middle ear D) cochlear duct

The middle ear includes the ossicles as well as tympanic cavity but the cochlear duct is part of the inner ear.

The purpose of the auricle is to _____sound waves

act as a collector of

the base of each of the three semicircular canals in the ear is called the

ampulla

the bony wall found at the end of the middle ear has

an oval window and a round window

chewing gum, yawning, and swallowing in elevators and airplanes help to move air through the ______ tubes, which equalizes air pressure upon ascent and descent

auditory (eustachian)

the process of hearing begins when sound waves enter the

auditory canal

what collects sound waves?

auricle (pinna)

in the ear, the ___________ membrane forms the lower wall of the cochlear canal

basilar

The cells that convert vibrations into neurological impulses are the _____ cells

basilar membrane

the ear functions for

both balance (equilibrium) and hearing

what functions in hearing

cochlea

the structures in the inner ear involved with hearing are the

cochlea and organ of corti

what three parts make up the labyrinths of the ear

cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule

__________ equilibrium is required when the body is moving

dynamic

the sense of balance includes ___________ equilibrium

dynamic and static

The following belong together except which one? This is the correct answer. A) dynamic equilibrium B) vestibule C) static equilibrium D) utricle

dynamic equilibrium

the auditory canal in the ear is lined with fine hairs and sweat glands that secrete

earwax

what is a ceruminous gland?

earwax; keeps large foreign objects like insects out of the ear

what fluid is found in the membranous labyrinth?

endolymph

what sense does the ear also provide?

equilibrium

a tube that runs from the middle of the ear to the throat is called the

eustacian tube (auditory tube)

what connects the external ear with the inner structures

external auditory meatus

what delivers sound waves to the tympanic membrane

external auditory meatus

one form of motion sickness results because of continuous movement of __________ in the ear

fluid in the semicircular canals

vibrations of the stapes moves

fluid within the ear

describe the vestibule

found between the cochlea and semicircular canals, and houses the membranous structures that serve both hearing and equilibrium

The purpose of the ossicles is to _____ the incoming vibrations

increase the force of

the receptors for hearing and equilibrium are located in the _________ ear

inner

The term labyrinth refers to the appearance of the

inner ear

what ossicle is attached to the tympanic mebrane

malleus

the small bones located in the middle ear, known collectively as the ossicles, include

malleus, incus, and stapes

organs of dynamic equilibrium sense

movement when the head and body rotate

in the ear, the hair cells of the cochlear canal plus the tectorial membrane are called the

organ of corti

the actual hearing receptors in the inner ear are called the

organ of corti

what are the three parts of the ear?

outer ear, middle ear, inner ear

The stapes sends its vibrations to the _____

oval window

Vibrations from the _____ reach the scala vestibuli first

oval window

sound vibrations from the eardrum go through the _________ _________ into the inner ear

oval window

what fluid is found between osseous and membranous labyrinth?

perilymph

what is the scala vestibuli and tympani filled with?

perilymph

each part of the organ of Corti is sensitive to different wave frequencies, or

pitch

the difference in a low pitch and a high pitch sound is in the

region of the basilar membrane that is vibrated

The connection between the cochlear hair cells and the VIII cranial nerve are made by _____

release of neurotransmitter

The maculae can be found in the

saccule

Reissner's membrane separates the cochlear duct from the

scala vestibuli

in the ear, the utricle and the saccule are located in the

semicircular canal

what provides a sense of equilibrium

semicircular canals

the function of the organ of corti in the ear is to

send nerve impulses to the cerebrum

what covers the oval window

stapes

The auditory perception center is located within the

temporal lobe

hearing impulses are transmitted along the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the auditory cortex of the ___________

temporal lobe

where does the external auditory meatus extend from

the auricle to the tympanic membrane

what is the scala tympani?

the lower compartment of the cochlea

what is the oval window

the opening between the stapes and inner ear

organs of static equilibrium sense

the position of the head, maintaining stability, and posture when the body is still

what is the scala vestibuli?

the upper compartment of the cochlea

the canals contained in the spiral-shaped tubular cochlea include

the utricle and saccule

what are the extended chambers within the vestibule

the utricle and saccule

the inner ear is divided into

three areas: the semicircular canals, the vestibule and the cochlea

The auditory tube acts to equalize pressure between the middle ear and

throat

loud noises cause the fluid of the cochlea to vibrate

to a greater degree

t/f in the ear, hair cells with cilia are found in the utricle and the saccule

true

t/f in the ear, when the cilia of the hair cells bend, nerve impulses travel to the oval window

true

t/f increased stimulation of the basilar membrane is interpreted by the brain as volume

true

t/f movement of the otoliths within the utricle and the saccule is important for static equilibrium in the ear

true

t/f the outer ear and middle ear contain air, and the inner ear is filled with fluid

true

what is an air filled space in the temporal bone that separates the outer and inner ears

tympanic cavity

The first structure to vibrate in response to sounds is

tympanic membrane

another word for the eardrum is

tympanic membrane

what reduces pressure from loud sounds that might otherwise damage the hearing receptors

tympanic reflex

When the head is upright, the hairs od the macula in the utricle project _____, and those of the saccule project _____.

vertically; horizontally

the organs involved with balance are the

vestibule and semicircular canals

organs of static equilibrium are located

within the vestibule