Ch. 14 History Inquisitive

Select on the map the site of the battle where more Americans died than on any other single day in history.

Antietam

Identify the outcomes of the following major Civil War battles.

Battle of Chancellorsville: stunning defeat of General Joseph Hooker's Army of the Potomac in May 1863 Battle of Vicksburg: resulted in control of the Mississippi River for the Union in July 1863 Battle of Gettysburg: the largest battle in the history of North America in July 1863

Identify the outcomes of the following Civil War battles.

Battle of the Wilderness: first battle in Grant's 1864 campaign Battle of Cold Harbor: After this battle, Grant's army had suffered as many casualties as Lee had men at the beginning of the 1864 campaign. Battle of Atlanta: culmination of Sherman's 1864 campaign

Grant's strategy of attrition worked brilliantly, as by the end of 1864 he captured Petersburg, Virginia, and forced the surrender of Robert E. Lee.

False.

President Lincoln favored a strategy that focused on capturing and holding Confederate territory—namely Richmond, the Confederate capital—not the destruction of the Confederate armies.

False.

The Civil War had a profound impact on western Indians. The Union army launched a series of campaigns in the West against tribes such as the Kiowas, Comanches, and Navajo. At one point, Union soldiers forced 8,000 Navajo people to travel hundreds of miles over eighteen days. This became known as the Navajo's Long Walk. Where did the Long Walk of the Navajo end?

Fort Sumner

According to the map, which former slave claimed a plot of land that had both a road and a creek running through it?

Frank Middleton

Select on the map the site of the battle where the Confederacy reached its "high tide"—its farthest military advance into Union territory.

Gettysburg

As the Civil War progressed, it heightened existing social tensions and created new ones. Complete the following statement about a series of riots in the summer of 1863.

In July 1863, an angry mob in New York City, many of whom were Irish immigrants, rioted for five days. The riots, originally launched as an attempt to obstruct the draft, eventually escalated into an assault on the city's black population. By the time the uprising was quelled, more than 100 people had died.

The Civil War was not the first war in which modern weaponry and technology was used to affect the outcome on the battlefield. That distinction belongs to the Crimean War (1854-1856). What new technologies were revolutionizing warfare in the 1860s?

Ironclad warships participated in direct combat with one another. The mass-produced rifled musket allowed for greater accuracy. The telegraph was used to command and control a vast area of operations.

Identify the reason why the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, was significant.

Lee's invasion of the North resulted in the single bloodiest day in American military history.

In 1863, Lincoln announced his Ten-Percent Plan of Reconstruction for occupied Louisiana and other areas of the Confederacy occupied by Union forces. The plan proved controversial. Identify the statements that accurately describe Lincoln's Ten-Percent Plan of Reconstruction.

Lincoln's Ten-Percent Plan offered no role to blacks in shaping the post-slavery order. This led to free blacks pushing for equality before the law and a role in government. Lincoln essentially offered amnesty and full restoration rights, including property (except slaves), to nearly all white southerners who took an oath of loyalty to the Union and supported emancipation.

Identify the statements that accurately describe the secession of the southern states and the creation of the Confederate States of America.

Louisiana seceded before the fall of Fort Sumter. North Carolina was the last state to secede from the Union.

The Confederacy firmly believed that "King Cotton diplomacy" would lead to great power intervention on its behalf in the war. Which of the following are reasons that "King Cotton diplomacy" failed?

Many nations recognized their overdependence on southern cotton, and they developed their own sources. Large crops in 1859 and 1860 left warehouses across the globe full of southern cotton, thus averting immediate cotton crises in 1861

Some of the Confederate forces that opposed Grant at Shiloh had recently retreated from another location. What city had they left behind?

Nashville, Tennessee

During the Civil War, Christianity and patriotism were joined in a civic religion unprecedented in American history. How did the war transform American religious and political life?

People turned to religion and spiritualism to cope with the unprecedented number of deaths Many clergy in the North professed that the war was God's instrument to rid the nation of slavery and turn it into the true land of freedom.

Select on the map the site where the very first shots of the Civil War were fired.

South Carolina

The Homestead Act was passed by Congress to increase agricultural output in the United States. Identify the statements that accurately describe the Homestead Act.

The Homestead Act went into effect the very same day as the Emancipation Proclamation. Some 400,000 families accepted land under the Homestead Act.

A seldom discussed aspect of the Civil War is the Union's continuing wars against the Native Americans in the West. Identify the statements that accurately describe Native Americans and the Union in the West during the Civil War.

The U.S. army attacked the Kiowas and Comanches in the Southwest in retaliation for raids on settlements and ranches. The Navajo's Long Walk was the Navajo people's forced removal from their ancestral lands by the U.S. army. The Cherokee, forced to Oklahoma by the Indian Removal Act, still owned slaves and sided with the Confederacy at the time of the Civil War.

The Wade-Davis Bill was an unsuccessful bill named after two leading Republican members of Congress unhappy with Lincoln's Ten-Percent Plan of Reconstruction. Which of the following were provisions of the Wade-Davis Bill?

The bill required a majority, not 10 percent, of white male southerners to pledge support for the Union before Reconstruction commenced. The Bill passed Congress but was dead when Lincoln refused to sign it. The Wade-Davis Bill called for equality for blacks before the law.

Examine the following political cartoon from 1864. How does this artist depict the presidential election of 1864?

The war faction of the Democratic Party remained the most powerful.

For the border states that chose not to secede from the Union, what was the impact of their decision?

They would later be exempted from the Emancipation Proclamation.

As Union forces occupied large portions of slave territory in 1861 and 1862, thousands of slaves made their way toward Union lines.

True.

Even under the threat of violence from the state and from neighbors, many southerners stayed loyal to the Union. It is believed that more than 50,000 white southerners fought in the Union armies.

True.

The Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863 was a brilliant victory for Lee in central Virginia, as he was outnumbered by General Joseph Hooker's Army of the Potomac two to one.

True.

Select on the map the site of the battle where victory gave the Union control of the entire Mississippi Valley.

Vicksburg

Using the map, drag the following states, territories, or regions to their correct description. Note that some descriptions may apply to more than one label.

Virginia: Confederate area to which the Emancipation Proclamation applies Kansas: free state Maryland: slave state to which the Emancipation Proclamation does not apply Eastern coastal North Carolina; Tennessee: Confederate area occupied by the Union

The map below illustrates the loyalties of the Southern states at the start of the Civil War. Select the state that came into existence as a result of southern secession and the Civil War.

West Virginia

In July 1863, Lee again invaded the North and clashed with federal forces at the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania. Instead of defeating the federals on their own territory, Lee himself was defeated. Identify the statements that accurately describe the Battle of Gettysburg.

With more than 165,000 men engaged in the battle, Gettysburg is the largest battle ever to have taken place in North America. Gettysburg was a crushing defeat for Lee, and his army would never again return to northern soil. Gettysburg was unusual for Lee in that he was on the strategic offensive in northern territory as opposed to being on the strategic defensive on southern ground.

Was this man correct? Did the Confederate army have difficulty with desertion as the war progressed?

Yes. More than 100,000 men, one-ninth of the entire Confederate army, deserted by the war's end.