CH. 16 Enviro review
Sand, gravel, and crushed rock, which are known as
aggregates
A serious hazard of coal mining is
an underground mine fire.
Before mining a site, a mining company must do all of the following except
cut into a section of the longwall.
The first step in surface coal mining is
to remove and set aside the soil that covers the area to be mined.
Which of the following is one reason why undersea mining has been largely unsuccessful to date?
Deposits at great water depths are difficult to work.
have no commercial value
Gangue minerals
a mining method used to recover gold from ancient riverbeds
Hydraulic mining
______ conduct electricity, have shiny surfaces, and are opaque.
Metals
a naturally occurring, usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal structure, and a characteristic set of physical properties
Mineral
Minerals that are valuable and economical to extract are known as
Ore minerals
two or more metals combined
alloy
Stream placers often occur
at bends in rivers
Minerals are arranged in a regular, repeating geometric pattern of
atoms
Dredging streambeds may be an effective technique for mining
coal
which of the following is not affected when soil is removed from a surface mine?
deep coal seams
Important gemstones include
diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, aquamarine, topaz, and tourmaline.
hat hot, subsurface waters must contain in order to be considered hydrothermal solutions
dissolved minerals
solar evaporation is practical in order to obtain salt from sea water in climates where rainfall is exceeded by
evaporation
solar evaporation is practical in order to obtain salt from the sea water in climates where rainfall is exceeded by
evaporation
salts left behind after evaporation
evaporites
Which of the following is not a way that ore minerals may form?
flooding of empty streambeds and rivers
material that bonds with impurities and separates them from molten metal during smelting
flux
Nonmetallic minerals prized mainly for their beauty, rarity, or durability are called
gemstones.
Many valuable metallic minerals are native elements such as
gold
Hot, subsurface waters that contain dissolved minerals are called
hydrothermal solutions
A more efficient way to remove coal from a subsurface seam is to use a method called
longwall mining
a process used by mining companies to identify areas where there may be valuable mineral resources
mineral exploration
_____ tend to be good insulators, may have shiny or dull surfaces, and may allow light to pass through them.
non metals
Coal and metals such as gold and copper are mined using
open pit mining
Which of the following is not a method of subsurface mining?
open pit mining
a mining method used for large ore deposits near the surface that are mined downward
open pit mining
What is the arrangement of atoms in a mineral?
regular, repeating geometric patterns
A common method of subsurface mining that is used to extract coal and salt is known as
room and pillar mining
Which of the following would not be considered an aggregate?
sea glass
The process by which land sinks with little or no horizontal movement is known as
subsidence
a water contaminant that can cause acid mine drainage
sulfuric acid
the mining method used when shallow ore deposits are located close to Earth's surface
surface mining