CH. 16 Enviro review

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Sand, gravel, and crushed rock, which are known as

aggregates

A serious hazard of coal mining is

an underground mine fire.

Before mining a site, a mining company must do all of the following except

cut into a section of the longwall.

The first step in surface coal mining is

to remove and set aside the soil that covers the area to be mined.

Which of the following is one reason why undersea mining has been largely unsuccessful to date?

Deposits at great water depths are difficult to work.

have no commercial value

Gangue minerals

a mining method used to recover gold from ancient riverbeds

Hydraulic mining

______ conduct electricity, have shiny surfaces, and are opaque.

Metals

a naturally occurring, usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal structure, and a characteristic set of physical properties

Mineral

Minerals that are valuable and economical to extract are known as

Ore minerals

two or more metals combined

alloy

Stream placers often occur

at bends in rivers

Minerals are arranged in a regular, repeating geometric pattern of

atoms

Dredging streambeds may be an effective technique for mining

coal

which of the following is not affected when soil is removed from a surface mine?

deep coal seams

Important gemstones include

diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, aquamarine, topaz, and tourmaline.

hat hot, subsurface waters must contain in order to be considered hydrothermal solutions

dissolved minerals

solar evaporation is practical in order to obtain salt from sea water in climates where rainfall is exceeded by

evaporation

solar evaporation is practical in order to obtain salt from the sea water in climates where rainfall is exceeded by

evaporation

salts left behind after evaporation

evaporites

Which of the following is not a way that ore minerals may form?

flooding of empty streambeds and rivers

material that bonds with impurities and separates them from molten metal during smelting

flux

Nonmetallic minerals prized mainly for their beauty, rarity, or durability are called

gemstones.

Many valuable metallic minerals are native elements such as

gold

Hot, subsurface waters that contain dissolved minerals are called

hydrothermal solutions

A more efficient way to remove coal from a subsurface seam is to use a method called

longwall mining

a process used by mining companies to identify areas where there may be valuable mineral resources

mineral exploration

_____ tend to be good insulators, may have shiny or dull surfaces, and may allow light to pass through them.

non metals

Coal and metals such as gold and copper are mined using

open pit mining

Which of the following is not a method of subsurface mining?

open pit mining

a mining method used for large ore deposits near the surface that are mined downward

open pit mining

What is the arrangement of atoms in a mineral?

regular, repeating geometric patterns

A common method of subsurface mining that is used to extract coal and salt is known as

room and pillar mining

Which of the following would not be considered an aggregate?

sea glass

The process by which land sinks with little or no horizontal movement is known as

subsidence

a water contaminant that can cause acid mine drainage

sulfuric acid

the mining method used when shallow ore deposits are located close to Earth's surface

surface mining


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