Ch. 16 The Renaissance

Titan's style of painting, especially late in his life, incorporated ______ that made the image indistinct when seen close up but clear when viewed from a distance

frenzied brush strokes

The creation of Adam is noteworthy for

hinting at, rather than showing, the consummation

Many Renaissance artists began sculptural works by creating figure out of clay, they then draped clay soaked fabric over the figure. After the clay dried, they used the resulting model as the basis for a final marble copy. Which Renaissance artist may have invented that technique?

Donatello

The word renaissance refers to the revival of the ancient _____ and ______ cultures.

Greek, Roman

What is the most significant about the subject matter of Sandro Botticelli's The Birth of Venus?

It illustrates a renewed interest in Greek and Roman mythology

In 1401, what artists won a high-profile competition to design a new set of bronze doors for the Florentine baptistery?

Lorenzo Ghiberti

What is The Last Supper by Tintoretto considered an excellent example of counter-reformation artwork?

it conforms to the teachings of the church

Which of the following characteristics does not define Mannerist style?

Classical and mathematical restrained emotion

True or False: The Renaissance was a single unified period in European art. It started in Italy and then spread rapidly over the Alps where Northern artists followed suit in exploring their classical past.

False

What medium did Michelangelo use to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?

Fresco

How did Renaissance artists obtain ideal beauty?

They borrowed beautiful features from everywhere.

What did Michelangelo feel summarized the noblest of creations worthy of art?

the nude body

How does Pieter Bruegel the Elder's painting The Harvesters illustrate the changes in art that were brought about by the Protestant Reformation?

the painting depicts scenes from everyday life and landscape rather than scenes of saints or religious subjects

During the Renaissance, works of art w/ classical greek and roman subject matter were

especially popular and were commissioned for both secular and religious spaces

What did Italy emerge as a home of the Renaissance?

- powerful banking families and economic prosperity emerged - the Christian church was centered in rome - humanisms first arose in Italy

Which of the following were patrons of the arts during the Renaissance?

- merchant-rulers - clergy - nobility

What demands did the counter-reformation reformers make of artists?

- they insisted that every depiction of scared subject matter conform exactly to church teachings - they demanded that compositions be arranged to make the lessons of church teaching immediately evident

What is sfumato?

- Italian word for smoke - Layers of glaze that produce a soft, hazy ambiance

Who are two famous High Renaissance artists?

- Leonardo da Vinci - Michelangelo

Agnolo Bronzino's painting Allegory demonstrates with Mannerist traits?

- a forbidden or erotic undercurrent - classical subject matter and symbols - fondness for elaborate or obscure subject matter - shallow, compressed, or illogical space - elongated forms and twisted poses

How can scholars tell that Rogler van der Weyden's St. Luke Drawing the Virgin is, at least in part, a painting about looking?

- everyone in the painting in act of looking at something - the artist's careful rendering of precise detail

Due to the protestant reformation, what subjects became popular in painting?

- landscape - everyday world

What did Renaissance humanists believe to be true?

- people's obligation to God is to realize their full intellectual and creative potential - to combine the teachings of christianity with the reason and intellect of ancient cultures

What are three characteristics demonstrated in Robert Campin's Merode Altarpiece that would help one classify it as a Northern Renaissance painting?

- the use of oil paint on wood panel - the use of rich detail and precise brush strokes - the combination of everyday life and the supernatural

How is Michelangelo's David similar to ancient Greek sculptures, such as Warrior A?

- use of contrapposto - knowledge of human physique

What Renaissance artist is most closely associated with the fusion of Italian concepts of math and science and Northern methods of meticulous detail and observation?

Albrecht Durer

A style of art prevalent after the High Renaissance in Italy is known today as

Mannerism

The plan of Leon Battista Alberti's church San't Andrea recalls examples found in the architecture of which ancient culture?

Rome

What do the paintings in the prayer book constructed from the Limbourg Brother's paintings represent?

a calendar illustrated with the activities of the wealthy and peasants

What is the diagonal shape at the bottom of Hans Holbein's The Ambassadors, and what does it represent?

a skull representing that everyone dies

Michalangelo envisioned St. Peter's Basilica as

an organic whole with a powerful upward thrust

The Renaissance was when the concept of _______ arose.

art

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Renaissance style?

complex, abstract forms that represent and idea rather than an observed form

Where is the vanishing point in Masaccio's The Trinity?

directly under the cross on the mid-point of the ledge where the donors are kneeling

Which of the following are not characteristics of Venetian Renaissance painting?

emphasis on classical models and mathematical organization

Installed in a hospital for illnesses of the skin, the graphic depiction of pain and suffering in Matthais Grunewald's Isenheim Altarpiece was intended to

increase the faith of patients, inviting them to identify their own suffering with Christ's

What Renaissance convention did Lorenzo Ghiberti use to arrange space in his composition of The Story of Jacob and Esau for the Florentine baptistery doors?

linear perspective